Leadership and Management in Waitrose: A Comprehensive Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management concepts within Waitrose Ltd. It begins with an introduction to the organization, its management structure, and the roles of managers and leaders, highlighting the differences between management and leadership. The report then explores the roles of management and leadership in various organizational situations, supported by relevant theories such as classical management and behavioral theory. Furthermore, it discusses the application of different theories, including chaos theory and management by objectives, to support growth and sustainable performance. The report concludes with an examination of the impact of managers and leaders on organizational performance, offering recommendations for future improvements, such as digitalization and employee training, to ensure long-term success. The analysis is supported by references to academic literature and online resources.

Management and
Operations
(Project-1 Leadership and Management Concepts)

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 & TASK 2..........................................................................................................................1
1) Introduction to the Organization and Management Structure.................................................1
2) Definition and Roles of Managers and Leaders and Differences Between Management and
Leadership....................................................................................................................................2
3) Role of Management and Leadership in different organisational situations, supported by
theories and concepts...................................................................................................................3
4) Different theories apply in organisation to support growth and sustainable performance......4
5) Impact of Managers and Leaders in organisation and recommendations for future
improvements...............................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSIONS..............................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is concerned with designing and controlling the process of
production which balance cost and revenue to achieve highest possible profit. Management is an
art of systematically organise the performance in a firm. Leadership is a skill to motivate other
for performing task (Akkerman, Farahani and Grunow, 2010). This report is based on Waitrose
Ltd which was founded in 1904 in UK. It deals in food sector. In this Report, management
structure of an organisation is discuss. Concept of management and leadership is discuss which
includes their roles and different theories. Apart from this, difference between management and
leadership is discuss.
TASK 1 & TASK 2
1) Introduction to the Organization and Management Structure
Waitrose Ltd is a British supermarket, subsidiary organization located in the city of
Bracknell, Berkshire, UK. It was founded in 1904 by Wallace Waite and Arthur Rose. It has
approx 353 stores across the UK. Its main product is food and it provide services of supermarket
and online shopping.
Management structure of Waitrose
Management structure of Waitrose is hierarchy structure which can be divided into three
parts: Management bodies, executive team and divisional management boards. Explanation of
these are as follows:-
Management Bodies- In Waitrose, top level of management include partnership board
and chairman. These are responsible for the partnership and its overall strategic directions.
Waitrose have their own divisional management boards.
Executive Team- Executive team helps in decision-making process for the purpose to
determine the strategical direction. It ensure that strategic goal should be achieved, making clear
agreement on trade offs and t is achieved (Barratt, Choi and Li, 2011). make clear agreements on
trade-offs and inspire alliances.
Divisional Management Boards- It provide Day-to-day administration and strategic
position of the divisions of Waitrose. Divisional management boards are responsible to the top
manager for performance and these are also held an account internally for their own department
meetings.
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2) Definition and Roles of Managers and Leaders and Differences Between Management and
Leadership
Managers
Managers is an individual who control all the business activities and talent to manage all
things effectively. Manager is liable for running whole part of business (Managers, 2018).
Role of Managers
Informational role- Managers of Waitrose play an important role collect information
from various sources and supply information to their subordinates (Brandon and Mullan, 2013).
Information should be beneficial for success of a company.
Decisional role- It is also an important role for manager of Waitrose to take decisions for
improvement in company's performance. Firstly, managers make a plan and then take corrective
actions to execute that plans or decisions.
Leaders
Leader is a person who hold superior position in their fields and have ability to control
and influence to others to perform a task. A good leader is the best motivator for their team
members.
Role of leaders
Required all levels- Leaders play an important role at each level of Waitrose Ltd. At top
level, they cooperate in preparation of program and policies. At middle and lower level,, they
interpret and execute the plans for action.
Representative of Organization- Leaders are the representative of organizations. They
represent their firms at seminars, general meetings, conferences etc. and communicate the
principles of Waitrose Ltd to outside public (Chiarini and Vagnoni, 2015). They also
representative of their own department to whom they leads.
Difference between Management and Leadership
Basis for comparison Management Leadership
Meaning It is an art of systematically
organising all the activities in
an organisation.
It is a skill of leading and
motivating others in a firm.
Power Managers have power to make Leadership have power to
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rules. influence people for
performing task.
Formulation Management is a formulation
of policies and procedures.
Leadership is a formulation of
guidelines and principles.
3) Role of Management and Leadership in different organisational situations, supported by
theories and concepts
There are different kinds of situations occur in an organisation in which managers and
leaders play essential role to face out the situations with supporting different theories. These are
as follows:-
Stable situation- In this situation, performance of a company is stable and constant., if this
company make stable policy then no changes are required. For example:- performance appraisal.
(Galindo, and Batta, 2013).
Role of Management- For creating stable situation, managers have to make policy of
performance appraisal.
Role of Leadership- It is a responsibility of a leader to evaluate performance of
employees yearly basis or as per mentioned in policy.
Moderate situation- In moderate situation, there is a rare changes in marketing environment.
For instance: demand of customers changes as per their taste and preference and market trends.
Role of Management- It is a responsibility of management to identify need of customers
and make plan to satisfy their needs.
Role of Leadership- Leaders guide their team members to perform better work for meet
the demand of consumers.
Fast changing situation- There are some situation which are changing fasts in Waitrose Ltd. For
example: technologies are changing very fast.
Role of Management- Managers are responsible to give direction to employees and
provide training to employees regarding to new technology.
Role of Leadership- Leaders motivate their employees to learn new thing and apply it in
fast changing situation.
Theories of management and leadership
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Classical management theory:- This theory is based on the structure of a firm which tells
about what is good for an organisation. It focuses on three management authors: Henri Fayol,
FW Taylor, Max Weber. Managers use the Henri Fayol theory in different situations arises in
Waitrose Ltd. Because it forecast and plan, to organise and to control organisation situation.
Behavioral theory:- There are different theories in leadership but in different situations
leaders use behavioral theory because it focuses on a specific behavior of a leader. Leaders
behavior is influence employees to perform task in Waitrose Ltd.
4) Different theories apply in organisation to support growth and sustainable performance
Chaos Theory
Chaos theory is a scientific approach which describe the inconsistency of systems. This
theory was developed in 1980 which premise that sometimes, systems are generating energy
without any direction. These system includes weather condition, water flows, ecosystem and
organisational structure etc. Chaos can be defined with the help of mathematical formula. In
context of Waitrose Ltd, this theory dealing with complex systems because behavior of
employees are highly sensitive and slightly changes in premises (Peng and Lai, 2012). Company
has to apply this theory to know the behavior of employees and determine the changes occur in
condition. Company can use this theory to analyze employees performance and use their
contribution in growth and sustainable performance of an organisation.
Management By Objectives
Management by objectives (MBO) is a model of management that helps a firm to
improve their performance by clearly defined objectives. Objective should be decided with
mutual consent of employees and management. This theory is focuses of setting goals and plans
for action by encouraging employees. This theory was developed by Peter Drucker in 1954. it
helps to identify a best suitable plan for achieving a specific goals and objectives. Waitrose Ltd
use this theory to define their objectives and prepare a plan for action by which company can
achieve their goals as soon as possible. It is important for employees to understand their task and
duties at working area. Work is assign to each employee as per their qualification, specialisation
and interest. It helps an organisation to achieve growth and sustainable performance because it
focus on setting goals and encourage employees to perform work in order to attain objectives.
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5) Impact of Managers and Leaders in organisation and recommendations for future
improvements
Managers and leaders make positive impact on organisational performance. It can be
understood by following points:-
Monitoring of Team- Leader is a person who engaged with their team members and play
different roles in employee engagement and motivation. Leader give direction to their employees
regarding performing a task and then assign them a work to analyse their performance. After
completion of work leader monitor their performance and give them a feedback about their
performance (Subramanian and Ramanathan, 2012). Leaders are very important for success of a
firm because they motivate and influence employees to perform task in effective and efficient
manner. It make a positive impact on Waitrose Ltd for better growth and success. Leaders take
initiate to perform an action. They motivate their employees and provide them guidance for
perform their work. They also create confidence and morale among employees which make
positive impact on a firm.
Self-Report Inventory: Managers of Waitrose Ltd make positive impact on their
business performance. They helps in achieving group goals and increase efficiency of
organisation by reducing cost and increasing output (Sheu, 2010). Managers create a dynamic
organisation structure which helps in continuous improvement and success of a firm. Manager
are develop not only environment of organisation but also society. It establish a sound
organisation structure which helps in achieving organisational goals and objectives.
Recommendations for future improvements
There are following recommendations which helps in future improvement of an
organisation. These are as follows:-
 Waitrose Ltd have to adopt digitalisation for sustain long run in future.
 They have to provide proper training to their employees which helps to increase
productivity and efficiency and helps in future improvement.
 Company has to use latest technology and upgrade their equipment timely which helps in
future growth and success.
CONCLUSIONS
As per above discussion, it has been conclude that there are different roles of managers
and leaders which helps an organisation to achieve its objectives. Different theories are also used
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to run business activities more faster and smoother. Managers and leader make positive impact
on company performance and company have to include training and digitalisation for future
improvement and long term success.
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