Report: Analyzing Walmart's Business Decisions and Tech's Mall Impact

This report analyzes the impact of technology on Walmart's high street shopping malls. It begins with an introduction to the dynamic business environment and the need for adaptation. The report details the planning and execution of a survey to gather primary data, including the survey methodology, sampling frame, and questionnaire design. Data collected from 40 respondents are summarized using representative values, analyzed to draw conclusions about consumer behavior and preferences, and analyzed using measures of dispersion. The report includes the creation of graphs and trend lines using spreadsheets to visualize the impact over a minimum of 3 years, as well as a formal report suitable for publication. The report also examines the roles and characteristics of various information systems, critical path and Gantt charts, and the use of financial tools for decision-making. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and implications for Walmart's business strategy.

Business decision Making

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Planning creation for data collection................................................................................1
1.2 Present the survey methodology and sampling frame used..............................................2
1.3 Design a questionnaire for collecting the data.................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Summarise the data collected from the survey using representative values ...................6
2.2 Analyse the results of the survey and draw conclusions..................................................7
2.3 Analyse the data using measures of dispersion................................................................8
2.4 Explain how you can use quartiles, percentiles and the correlation coefficient to draw
useful conclusions..................................................................................................................9
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
3.1 With the aid of spreadsheets produce graphs to help draw valid conclusions on the survey
..............................................................................................................................................10
3.2 Create trend lines in spreadsheet graphs to show the level of impact over a minimum of 3
year.......................................................................................................................................15
3.3 Prepare a poster presentation in class of your findings..................................................16
3.4 Write a formal report for publication in the Retail Times magazine.............................16
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................17
4.1 Roles and characteristics play by various information system.......................................17
4.2 Design of critical path and Gantt chart in order to estimate things................................18
4.3 Use of financial tools for defining better decision making............................................20
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................22

INTRODUCTION
Business operates in dynamic environment where chances of modifications are more in
tenure. It is really essential to include and evolve all such modify consideration better through
which chances of deriving beneficial gain could become possible (Barlett, 2016). Leaders and
managers need to perform their role and responsibility better through which chances of deriving
beneficial gain could become possible which further enable to maintain keen competitive
position. This project is based on WalMart which is one of a famous American retail sector.
Thus, with innovation and technological expansion frame negative influence on high street
shopping malls because presently individual prefer to purchase online rather than going to store.
Hence, business want to determine the impact on high street shopping malls of a company so that
better influence could be determine. Certain things will going to include in this project which
align with planning of survey so that beneficial aspects could be drawn. Along with this, it will
also going to define about summarisation of information properly by including gather data.
Although, various graphs and charts will also presented on the basis of data. Moreover, software
generated information enable in defining the things better.
TASK 1
1.1 Planning creation for data collection
Data collection process is not an easy thing which have to understand by managers of a
company better and proper in frame (Beach and Lipshitz, 2017). Data collected for a specific
purpose and consideration which need to understand by managers of a business so that they
could gain benefits in long period of course. There are mainly two kind of data collection
technique could be estimated out of which one is primary data collection process and another one
is secondary data collection process. WalMart have to understand these two techniques of data
collection properly so that they could manage their working in a signified and define manner.
Thus, appropriate and suitable plan required to craft in order to collect information from various
sources. Primary data collection: These are such sort of data which enable and support in
identifying the things which associated with raw information perspective. Business need
to consult this aspect in better frame where they could opt and consult with questionnaire
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survey in frame. This will result in providing better working opportunities so that
beneficial gain could be estimated.
 Secondary data collection: Another aspect is secondary data collection which could be
consulted and derive through various books and journals (Blondel and Müller-Rommel,
2016). Business could go with their profit rate and cash flow statement as well so that
appropriate and suitable working could be done which further assist and support in future
consideration as well.
WalMart consult about primary data collection process in frame for which they need to organise
a suitable plan which enable them in gain and providing effective and beneficial attribute. The
plan for collecting data is as follow. Hence, in this aspect, suitable planning structure required to
followed up:
 Determine the problem (Impact of technology on high street shopping malls)
 Identify the source (Primary source)
 Methodology (Questionnaire survey)
 Sampling (40 respondents)
 Data collection
 Data analysis (Measure of central tendency and dispersion)
 Decision making process
1.2 Present the survey methodology and sampling frame used
Surveys are a core part of business and a project which provide and reflect beneficial gain
in aspect. Every cause get overcome once when suitable and appropriate factor could be utilise to
overcome (Drucker, 2017). There are various forms of survey methodology get determine for a
project which need to understand by managers of a company while consulting and doing the
research. WalMart want to come into online shopping aspect as well where they used to evaluate
things better. Thus, they want to determine consideration of various aspects for which
questionnaire survey will going to take place. In this consideration, various survey
methodologies get take place whom are define as follow: Survey Monkey: One of a major kind of survey tool which facilitate and enable in
designing and determining the better outcome is survey monkey. Here, management
could organise a survey through online aspect so that more and more individual aspect
could be estimated. This will result in defining beneficial attribute so that signified
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outcome could be drawn. This survey method enable in organising things properly so that
effective and efficient gain could be drawn.
 Questionnaire: Another method which could be enable and facilitate in beneficial survey
is questionnaire. In this various questions get included in the project which have to
understand better so that beneficial attribute could be drawn. It is a set of questions and
variables on which various considerations get included and need to understand and
analyse through effective methodology like qualitative and quantitative.
Another thing on which WalMart survey need to cross their frame is sampling where
sample size required to get selected. Sampling also have certain number of aspects which need to
understand by a researcher properly so that they could maintain and manage effective working
aspect (Goleman, 2017). The certain kind of sampling method are describe as follow: Random Sampling: A random sampling method enable in analysing things better and
appropriate where selected sample size get done on the basis of random consideration.
All respondents determine whom do not have any kind of interaction with each other and
thus further simplify that things not went well in better and determined frame of
reference.
 Cluster Sampling: Under this method, sets and groups used to divide into equal and
suitable consideration so that appropriate data could be assess. This will result in
evaluating appropriate and suitable consent in frame which further enable in defining
things better and frequent in nature (Rao and Tilt, 2016).
1.3 Design a questionnaire for collecting the data
Survey expected to incorporates a few viewpoints and things which require fitting and
appropriate privacy of data. This segment need to consider by analyst legitimately with the goal
that they will increase gainful reactions. This poll is on WalMart for recognizing the effect of
innovation on high road shops and shopping centres. This incorporates 12 inquiries on 40
respondents with open finished, close finished and so forth sort of reactions:
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Age:
Gender:
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Email Address:
Phone Number:
1.WHAT IS YOUR AGE GROUP?18-25
o 26-35
o 36-45
o 40-55
o 56+
2.WHAT IS YOUR GENDER?
o MALE
o FEMALE
3.WHAT IS YOUR MAIN PURPOSE FOR USING INTERNET?
o SHOPPING
o WORK
o EDUCATION
o HOBBY
4.WHAT METHOD OF SHOPPING DO YOU PREFER?
o ON LINE
o DOOR TO DOOR
o TRADITIONAL
o BY PHONE
o AGENT
5.WHAT IS REASON BEHIND YOUR PURCHASE DECISIONS?
o YOU FEEL LIKE IT
o YOU NEED
o EASY TO USE
o IF ANY OTHER REASON
6.HOW OFTEN DO YOU SHOP ON LINE?
o FREQUENTLY
o REGULARY
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o OCASIONALY
o RARELY
o NEVER
7.HOW MUCH DO YOU PREFER INTERNET FOR SHOPPING?
o STRONGLY AGREE
o AGREE
o NEITHER AGREE OR DISAGREE
o DISAGREE
8.WHAT IS YOUR PERCEPTION ABOUT RISK IN INTERNET SHOPPING?
o PARTICULARS
o AGREE
o NEITHER AGREE
o DISAGREE
o STRONGLY DISAGREE
9.WHEN YOU BUY THE PRODUCTS DO YOU LOOK FOR THE PRICE?
o SOMETIMES
o ALWAYS
o NEVER
10.HAVE YOU FELT ANY PROBLEM WHILE CONDUCTING ON LINE
PURCHASE?
o YES
o NO
11.IF YES,WHAT KIND OF PROBLEM:
o DELAY IN DELIVERY
o PRODUCT DAMAGE
o NON DELIVERY
o OTHER
o PLEASE SPECIFY
12.HOW MUCH ARE YOU INFLUENCED BASED ON THE RECOMMENDATIONOF
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FAMILY OF FRIENDS?
o SOMETIMES
o ALWAYS
o MAYBE
o NEVER
TASK 2
2.1 Summarise the data collected from the survey using representative values
Data summarisation is a basic and appropriate thing which need to understand properly
so that better and determined outcome could be drawn. For a survey, there are various values get
presented which have to effectively understand and present with values through which signified
form could get done (Rothman, 2017). For this project, WalMart need to understand and estimate
the things in a beneficial frame through which they could manage the survey and interpret in in
beneficial frame. This will result in drawing a beneficial results in consideration with appropriate
implementation of working. The things used to get drawn up in a better frame with appropriate
and suitable align working consideration. Below is a table presented for the outcome which study
could be reflected for the project success criteria and option.
Rating
s R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Mean Median Mode
1 12 10 8 10 10 10 10
2 20 20 20 20 20
3 20 10 5 5 10 7.5 5
4 20 4 10 4 2 8 4 4
5 25 10 2 3 10 6.5
#VALU
E!
6 10 10 15 3 2 8 10 10
7 10 15 5 10 10 10 10
8 16 2 10 2 10 8 10 2
9 20 15 5
13.3333
333333 15
#VALU
E!
10 5 35 20 20 #VALU
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E!
11 1 1 10 15 13 8 10 1
12 10 12 8 10 10 10 10
On the basis of provided calculation, it get determine that most number of individuals
belong to age group of 26-35 which define that youth is taking active participation in internet
shopping medium. Along with this, male and female have equivalent ratio in frame which
signify the better and supportive things in frame. Moreover, internet shopping companies
required to work on their price properly because sometimes individual or customer get satisfied
through that. Certain time, few problems get evaluated while online shopping medium where
products wrongly get placed. This used to made vast impact on an individual satisfaction which
further going to harm their interest and reduce their level of interest in online shopping and
purchasing.
2.2 Analyse the results of the survey and draw conclusions
On the basis of provided project consideration, certain number of things get evaluated for
WalMart for their working and operations which need to better understand by an individual so
that appropriate and suitable gain could be drawn. On the basis of reflected survey, female and
male are utilising technology for purchasing process are equally in frame. This define that
internet expansion and consideration is similar for both individuals which need to properly
understand by a person so that beneficial gain could be drawn.
Along with this, another thing which get disseminate through the project is related with
method of shopping where most number of customers purchase goods through online
terminology. Although, shopping is a only consideration for which maximum number of
individuals utilise internet. But certain time few problems get evaluated which not used to
specify by a person. This need to better understand by a person through which they could gain
better and signified outcome in nature of frame.
All these aspects and consideration need to better understand by WalMart so that they
could properly expand their business and manage working. All the time, in present era individual
want to purchase through online medium. All such things required to understand by WalMart so
that they could maintain and manage their working and try to control influences made by online
mode of shopping. There are various kind of shopping medium get evaluated. Frequent buyers
get underpin for the products and services which need to effectively understand by WalMart so
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that they could implement online medium of shopping which further facilitate in defining things
better and suitable in nature.
On the basis of questionnaire, it get evaluated that most number of individual are young
whom want to purchase through online medium just because of stress face in office. Male and
female both are equal to each other while providing view on this aspect. The major purpose of
behind using interest or online medium is to shop not to get learn so many things. This define
that with expansion of technology shopping become easy as well as high street shopping malls
start getting decline. Although, online mode of payment or shopping describe as essential one
because it reduce more than half work load to go to mall and walk into different sections. Thus,
such attribute describe that online shopping expansion is taking place more and more which
simplify better and effective gain.
2.3 Analyse the data using measures of dispersion
Measure of scattering is a procedure when information or estimations of arrangement get
spread or disseminate in nature. Scattering connote as perspective which implies disperse and
spread which complete and recognize in decide values also. Its investigation is should in
measurements so helpful outcomes and result could be drawn for assessing reasonable and better
outcomes. Measure of scattering incorporates a few contemplations which are differences,
standard deviation and so on. All these required to examine in better and proper casing with the
goal that compelling and outright result prompt get assessed which help with inferring and
characterizing appropriate outcomes and thought. A fundamental depiction of this angle assessed
as take after: Standard Deviation: It characterize as the normal deviation between singular
arrangement score and mean estimation of an arrangement. Standard portrays as a normal
though then again deviation imply as contrast between at least two factors. It empowers
in help to decide the spread information of an arrangement so better related outcomes
could be drawn. It encourages to give proper recommendation with respect to the conveys
esteem so successful and suitable judgement prompt get drawn.
 Variances: It mean as the demonstration of nature of distinction and disparate. It is
extremely essential to assess the variety between at least two areas so better and
appropriate result get drawn. Fluctuations empower in decide the esteem contrast
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between at least two variable with the goal that viable and fitting addition expected to be
decide.
Henceforth, its investigation and comprehension based on recommended data decide as
take after:
Rating
s R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 Standard Deviation Variances
1 12 10 8 10 1.6329931619 2.6666666667
2 20 20 0 0
3 20 10 5 5 7.0710678119 50
4 20 4 10 4 2 7.3484692283 54
5 25 10 2 3 10.6144555521 112.6666666667
6 10 10 15 3 2 5.4313902456 29.5
7 10 15 5 10 4.0824829046 16.6666666667
8 16 2 10 2 10 6 36
9 20 15 5 7.6376261583 58.3333333333
10 5 35 21.2132034356 450
11 1 1 10 15 13 6.6332495807 44
12 10 12 8 10 1.6329931619 2.6666666667
These figures determine through questionnaire survey which organise on 40 respondents
of regular customer of WalMart. This data enable and support in determine better and suitable
outcome in nature of frame so that appropriate understanding of topic get done. This will result
in drawing valid and ethical outcome through which better understanding and strategies could be
crafted in context for making business online and enhancement of sales. This will assist in
drawing valid and ethical conclusion in reference so that effectiveness and efficiency in working
could be promoted.
On the basis of this define consideration standard deviation simplify online method of
shopping is must and essential for expanding WalMart of business. This online medium enable
them to manage their working and operations which further enable them to reach wide number of
customers around the world. This will support in managing things better and effective so that
effective and beneficial draws could be crafted which further assist in managing things. All such
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elements and factors need to understand by managers of WalMart which further enable in
defining things suitable.
2.4 Explain how you can use quartiles, percentiles and the correlation coefficient to draw useful
conclusions
Correlation coefficient: This assess the connection between two factors with the goal that
successful and better comprehension get advanced. For each investigation or basic leadership
process, it is exceptionally required to draw proper connection between two powerful areas.
Based on characterize data which obviously institutionalize that relationship of headway of
innovation with buy through online viewpoint upgrade powerful and reasonable judgement. This
prompt improve benefits for promote future with the goal that proper additions end up
conceivable. Alongside this, another area which empower better outcomes is that benefit tend to
rise which additionally make positive reflection. This need to assess in more qualified way with
the goal that useful additions expected to ascends in positive reflection.
TASK 3
3.1 With the aid of spreadsheets produce graphs to help draw valid conclusions on the survey
12
10
8
10
1
2
3
4
1. The age group individuals whom used to take active participation in online shopping is 26 to
35 which define that young generation is taking active participation in such consideration. This
enable and support them in managing things properly and better frame. Thus, such individual
become more able to deal at market world in a define frame.
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20 20 1
2
2. Men and Female both are taking equally participation while purchasing online. This simplify
that things went well in better and determined frame through which effective assessment of work
used to take place. WalMart need to understand such attribute properly so that better and
effective online shopping could take place.
20
10
5
5
1
2
3
4
3. The major purpose behind using internet by many individuals is shopping. There are many
people currently using internet just for shopping purpose but nothing else where as lack of
individual utilise it for the work and education. This define that recently many people using net
only for shopping purpose only. Hence, retail sector enterprise have to consider this thing only.
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4
10
4
2
1
2
3
4
5
4. Recently people signify that on line shopping is best and kind approach for them. This signify
that by using internet many individuals just focus on shopping. With change in time creditability
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of an individual for using internet as online shopping medium is vast in nature. Thus, many street
shopping business could focus and move towards such aspect better.
25
10
2
3
1
2
3
4
5. Many aspects utilise this consideration because they found that it is likely method. It saves
times, money as well as an individual visit to store by store. Thus, consideration of time define as
appropriate consideration behind such like as well as individual purchase anything from
anywhere which simplify that things become better and appropriate in frame.
10
10
15
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6. But, with expansion of this online shopping not define that individual visit sites on regular
basis. This get done on some occasional basis where they found difficult to reach stores and not
found similar material or outfit they like. Then, at such course, an individual start visiting to
online medium. This graph define similar thing about occasional purchase.
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10
15
5
10
1
2
3
4
7. Many individuals agree that they use internet medium as a best source of shopping. They
prefer internet most towards gaining better and signified outcome in frame. This result in
proclaiming better and determined outcome in frame of reference which signify as major reason
behind decline in high street shopping malls.
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2 10
2
10
1
2
3
4
5
8. With the best source of shopping to high risk on internet shopping. Many people signify in this
graph that risk while shopping through internet is usually high in tenure. As sometimes, mode of
payment create problem which is not appropriate in frame as well as disguise thing used to get
deliver. This clarify that risk is also high at the time of shopping.
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20
15
5
1
2
3
9. At the time of function season prices usually tend to reduce for the products and services and
at other time they used to get high. This graph signify that many people sometimes prefer
shopping mode through internet which enable and support in defining the things better and
appropriate so that effective and beneficial attribute could be drawn.
5
35
1
2
10.Most number of individual signify that it is one of a easy mode of purchasing where discount
offers already get applied at the time of payment. Along with this, shopping is in pocket where a
person could purchase anything from anywhere. This reflect in understanding and providing
better goods and services.
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11
10
15
13 1
2
3
4
5
11.
10
12
8
10
1
2
3
4
12.
3.2 Create trend lines in spreadsheet graphs to show the level of impact over a minimum of 3
year
Pattern line for WalMart incorporates about projection for next three years' deals and
income. Deals and benefit of a firm interlinked with each other which need to comprehend by
administrators of an organization so better and reasonable result could be attracted make things
suitable. In this manner, underneath is a characterize deals and income of an organization for
next three years which begins from April 2018 to April 2021:
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Illustration 1: What E commerce Retail Trends Will Look Like in 2020, 2018
(Sources: What E commerce Retail Trends Will Look Like in 2020, 2018)
On the basis of this define graph trend line which based on UK retail sector clarify that in
near future the e commerce trade will tend to rise around 12%. This signify a better high growth
rate so that effective gain could be reflected. Many high street shopping malls like WalMart need
to understand and consider this attribute properly so that they could facilitate effective and
beneficial gain in nature. This will result in taking competitive edge by such business venture
which go online and sale out their products and services.
3.3 Prepare a poster presentation in class of your findings
3.4 Write a formal report for publication in the Retail Times magazine
The Manager
Retail Time Magazine
Dated: 11th May 2018
Subject: Regarding use of technology and decline in offline shopping
On the basis of this perspective most number of individual use online shopping method from
past few days which enable and facilitate them to do things better and appropriate. The major
purpose of using internet is shopping just because of rapid enhancement of technology. This
enable and support in increase the number of products and services availability as well as better
and signified outcome could be drawn. As per this, the trend of online shopping enable business
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to grow and expand in signified manner. This will result in optimising beneficial gain in aspect
so that effective and concern accomplishment of customer base could become possible.
Although, by consulting the street shops, it consume more time and hard to negotiate but online
shopping is easy to purchase as well as many online trading companies provide appropriate
discount to each and every individual. Thus, this concept and abbreviation need to understand
by retail sector properly and try to provide products through online consideration. This will
enable in providing better and signified return in frame through which better and supportive
results could be draft. This will enhance overall working and options and thus many business
enterprises need to understand this matter of fact properly. Although, it could be stated as new
and modern era of technological expansion.
TASK 4
4.1 Roles and characteristics play by various information system
A business have three major system on which whole association activities used to take
place. With such levels of management, there are certain systems get underpin which need to
understand properly so that defining targets get estimated (Sekaran and Bougie, 2016) Like for
operational division, transactional system get underpin which facilitate in defining things better
and appropriate in frame. Henceforth, managers of a company need to implement all such system
better at each and every level through which better and effective working get promoted: Transaction processing systems (TPS): It is basically concern for the collection,
modification and retrieval of information properly (Shapiro and Stefkovich, 2016). One
of a basic and appropriate characteristics of TPS include performance, reliability and
validity with consistency. This will enable business level managers to determine the
things better so that effectiveness and efficiency could be maintain and manage. Management information systems (MIS):Typically this procedure use by boss level
accomplices of an association remembering the true objective to understand and process
their data to senior organization honestly. This will moreover assist them for better
appreciation about various stress with a particular ultimate objective with deciding and
perceive legitimate work.
 Decision support systems (DSS): Another sincerely steady system is decision help which
basically for the best level organization of an association. This edge enable them to
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support ampleness and viability of working for senior organization so they could take and
increment beneficial result.
All these systems are helpful for business in order to draw and maintain appropriate
system on respected level. This will enable in draw valid and helpful consideration of working
with better decision making process as well.
4.2 Design of critical path and Gantt chart in order to estimate things
A publisher used to signed a contract for issuing the book which required to introduce in
market world earlier course of moment (Wheelen and et. al., 2017). It is really essential for them
to understand and determine the time frame in which book used to get launch at market world.
This result in describing that things getting done in an appropriate frame or not. For this aspect,
publisher will going to opt tow ways which enable them in issuing book at market world by
consulting certain number of activities like printing and binding etc. All such activities need to
follow a definite manner so that it could launch at market world properly and please clients
effectively.
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1+3+5+6+9+10 = 34 days
1+4+8+5+6+7+9+10 +50 days
On the basis of determined critical path system, shortest pathway to issue the book is 34
days under which whole book get printed properly and then other related operations used to take
place (Zavadskas and et. al., 2016). This get done in better and definite manner so that better and
signified outcome could be drawn. This will result in reflecting beneficial attribute so that
chances of deriving suitable and effective consideration become possible as well as its issue
19

become successful in frame. Henceforth, publisher required to go with Gantt Chart and Critical
oath system which further enable in defining things better.
4.3 Use of financial tools for defining better decision making
Business planning is not an easy thing and it really required suitable and beneficial
understanding with evaluation so that chances of deriving beneficial gain could become possible.
Business managers have to plan their each and every activity better so that chances of deriving
beneficial gain could become possible (Zeng, Chen and Li, 2016). Thus, for expansion and
implementation of further operations, a highly recommend essential is finance. If a company do
not have adequate finance then they used to face heavy crises. A investment used to take place in
better manner under which all essential could be fulfil.
WalMart will going to expand their operations through technological intervention
because they found that with a course of time internet oriented firm getting success. For this
perspective, management need to understand their financial reports better so that they could
estimate IRR and NPV of their project. This factor will contribute in business function on the
basis of projected cash flow of 4 years.
Year Cash flows %PV factor Net present value
0 -15000 10.00% -1500
1 8000 0.9090909091 7272.7272727273
2 10000 0.826446281 8264.4628099174
3 5000 0.7513148009 3756.5740045079
4 5000 0.6830134554 3415.0672768254
Total 13000 21208.8313639779
NPV 7,008.03
Internal rate of return 34.77%
On the basis of this derivation, it get evaluated that net present value of a project is 70008
which is appropriate for investment and define that provide positive results in return once they
expand in technological advancement. Along with this, internal rate of return used to estimate
properly where investment rate is 10% and the return which suppose to gain by a company is
34%. This define that expansion of technology is appropriate for their further expansion and shift
to technological advancement.
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CONCLUSION
It get concluded from the project that business decision making is not a easy thing and
require highly suitable and appropriate consideration which enable in defining targets better. A
simple and better judgement facilitate business organisation to accomplish their targets which
enable them in maintain their keen competitive position at market world. Thus, managers and
leaders have to understand all associated aspects properly through which they become able to
maximise their working abilities and capabilities. For better understanding and determination of
impact of technology on high street shopping malls get done by consulting a survey. For this
questionnaire need to craft with effective plan implementation. Along with this, analysis of this
consideration get done through various values align with mean, median, mode, standard
deviation, variances etc. All enable in identifying things properly so that better derivation of
outcome get done. This will result in signify suitable and better gain which get presented on
excel by presenting various graphs and charts. Moreover, various information system enable in
effective and suitable judgement under which all better aspects get fulfil.
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