Web Application Development Report for E-commerce Website

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WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
LO1. Understand the concepts of web application development....................................................5
P1.1 Critically evaluate the functions and advantages of web applications................................5
P1.2 Critically compare different types of server-side and client-side scripting languages........6
P1.3 Examine web security and make recommendations for security improvements................7
LO2 Be able to design web applications.........................................................................................8
P2.1 Design a web application to meet requirements given in the case study............................8
P2.2 synthesise client-side and server-side functionality in a web application.........................12
P2.3 Apply a database design for the given scenario................................................................14
P2.4 Evaluate alternative designs and solutions to meet the given requirement as explained in
the case study.............................................................................................................................15
LO3 Be able to implement web applications.................................................................................16
3.1 Implement a web application to a prepared design using client-side and server-side
scripting languages....................................................................................................................16
3.2 implement a web-enabled database management system to store, retrieve and manipulate
data in a web application...........................................................................................................20
3.3 Identify and implement opportunities for error handling and reporting..............................22
LO4 Be able to test web applications............................................................................................23
4.1 Critically review and test a web application using a web-enabled database management
system........................................................................................................................................23
4.2 Analyse actual test results against expected results to identify discrepancies.....................24
4.3 Critically evaluate independent feedback on a developed web application and make
recommendations for improvements.........................................................................................25
4.4 Create user documentation for a developed web application..............................................26
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................33
References......................................................................................................................................34

Figure 1: Log in wireframe..............................................................................................................8
Figure 2: About Us wirteframe........................................................................................................8
Figure 3: Contact Us Wireframe......................................................................................................9
Figure 4: Home page Wireframe.....................................................................................................9
Figure 5: Order product Wireframe...............................................................................................10
Figure 6: Product description wireframe.......................................................................................10
Figure 7: Product Wireframe.........................................................................................................11
Figure 8: Three-tier architecture....................................................................................................13
Figure 9: Database design..............................................................................................................14
Figure 10: About us page...............................................................................................................16
Figure 11: Contact us page............................................................................................................16
Figure 12: Homepage....................................................................................................................17
Figure 13: Login page....................................................................................................................17
Figure 14: Order page....................................................................................................................18
Figure 15: Product description page..............................................................................................18
Figure 16: Product page.................................................................................................................19
Figure 17: Database 1....................................................................................................................20
Figure 18: Database 2....................................................................................................................20
Figure 19: Database 3....................................................................................................................20
Figure 20: Database 4....................................................................................................................21
Figure 21: Database 5....................................................................................................................21
Figure 22: Database 6....................................................................................................................21
Figure 23: Error in login................................................................................................................22
Figure 24: About us.......................................................................................................................26
Figure 25: Contact.........................................................................................................................27
Figure 26: Home............................................................................................................................28
Figure 27: Log in...........................................................................................................................29
Figure 28: Order............................................................................................................................30
Figure 29: Product detail...............................................................................................................31
Figure 30: Product.........................................................................................................................32

Introduction
The e-commerce website is developed which is having the name easy shop. With emerging
technology, web-based services are widely used. The web applications are widely used by the
business organizations and the companies to offer their products and services. The web
applications are developed by using a suitable programming language which can be either client-
side scripting language or the server-side scripting language. As the use of the web applications
is increasing, son security pitfalls are also increased with it which needs to be prevented by
taking a suitable security action.

LO1. Understand the concepts of web application development
P1.1 Critically evaluate the functions and advantages of web applications
Different kinds of web applications are present in the present scenario which is having different
functionalities and also they all are contributing in different fields. Many web applications are
there which are actively influencing the field of education, entertainment, games, online
payments, traveling, lifestyle, services like banking, social media platforms, etc. There are many
lifestyles apps which are developed according to human interests (shopping, workout, etc.) in a
particular field. Around me, pink nation, etc. comes under the category of lifestyle apps. Online
shows can be watched at any time by using the applications for entertainment like Netflix,
amazon prime video, etc. Banking applications are present which provide online banking
services. Gaming applications can be used to play games. Pubg, temple run, clash of clans and
other car racing are the applications which are considered as the gaming applications. There are
many applications which can make traveling easier and convenient like Uber, Google earth,
united airlines, etc. Apart from this, there are many applications which are used to do shopping
online. Shopping apps are flipchart & many more. There are many applications which provide
online education & videos from which where concepts can be learned (Duling).
There are many benefits of web applications in the current era. All the companies and almost all
the business organizations are moving towards the development of web applications for
providing the various services. Web applications are very easy to use and these are very user-
friendly. These can be easily developed at very low cost. Also, web applications are available in
an updated version to all the users who use that web application. The user can easily use that web
application by just having an internet connection. Web applications can be used from any
location. Also, web applications are supported by almost all devices. Web applications are used
on the cloud platform, so enough space is present to store the data (Evergreencomputing, 2019).

P1.2 Critically compare different types of server-side and client-side scripting
languages
The client-side scripting language is a language in which the code of the program is present in
the web browser of the user or the client. The execution of the code or the program is done in a
web browser which is present in the device or desktop of the user. These are also known by the
name of the embedded script.
The comparison between some of the client side scripting languages is discussed below:
 JavaScript: The javascript is considered as the client-side scripting language. It was
developed by Netscape. It is developed to work only on the client side. For doing the
validation at the client end, javascript is used. It also comes under the zone of case
sensitive language. The extension of this language is .js (Dhanvani, 2019).
 VBScript: The VBScript means Visual basic script. It was invented by Microsoft. This
language comes under the category of the client side as well as the server side. It is not
considered as a case sensitive language. But is only supported by the web browser called
internet explorer. For performing the functions like validation at the server side, this
language is used. The extension used for this programming is .vba or .vbs. Both
subroutines and functions are supported by VBScript. A function is used to start the
function and end function is used to end the function (Dhanvani, 2019).
 JQuery: It is a JavaScript library. It helps the programmer in the way they can add extra
functions to the web applications. It is free and an open source language. It can simplify
the many complex things which are present in the javascript. DOM manipulation can be
done by using it. It is lightweight and consists of the JavaScript library (Techterms,
2019).
The comparison between the three server scripting languages is discussed below in the tabular
form:
JSP PHP ASP
It stands for java server page. Personal home page Active server page
It is open source, so free of
cost.
Available at very low cost Less costly than PHP
Entry took place through the
major barrier.
A minor barrier for entry. A very minor barrier for entry.
Supported by Web logic,
JBoss, etc.
Supported by apache. Supported by the Microsoft
IIS server.
It is more robust than any
other server-side scripting
language.
Robust than others. Least robust.

P1.3 Examine web security and make recommendations for security improvements
As almost all the organizations are switching towards providing the web-based services, the
security of web applications has become an important concern for the developers, user, and
companies. The process by which web applications and their servers are secured is termed as
web security. Also, the sensitive data is secured, so that nobody can access it without having the
authority. The website is attacked by hackers and therefore cyber-attacks are increasing day by
day. Hackers use various malicious software to infect web applications. The hackers access the
web application's sensitive data by hijacking the computer and this affects the user of the web
applications and other visitors (omodo News and Internet Security Information, 2019).
There are some recommendations which should be followed for enhancing the security of the
website. They are discussed below:
 One of the best methods of improving the security of the web application is that it should
be updated on a regular basis. Outdated version is considered as more insecure.
Therefore, web applications should be updated as whenever the new version of CMS is
present. Updated versions contain patches for dealing with the vulnerabilities and other
things to enhance the security of the web application.
 The encryption should be done on the sign in pages of the web application. SSL
encryption is one such security measure which should be included in the web
applications. Using SSL encryptions, various sensitive and confidential information
(credit or debit card numbers, passwords, etc. ) can be transferred and processed. Hackers
will not be able to intercept the information or the data that the user entered on the web
application as it will be meaningless for them if the web-based service is encrypted.
 The entire database, plugins and other files should be removed from the web application
if it is not required or not in use. Also, it will be easy to delete the files if they are well-
structured as changes in the file can be easily traced.
 Web application security vulnerabilities should be identified by scanning the web
application. If anything on the web application is modified, the also web application
security scan should be conducted. Therefore, security scan should be performed on a
regular basis (Interactive, 2019).

LO2 Be able to design web applications
P2.1 Design a web application to meet requirements given in the case study
Figure 1: Log in wireframe
Figure 2: About Us wirteframe

Figure 3: Contact Us Wireframe
Figure 4: Home page Wireframe

Figure 5: Order product Wireframe
Figure 6: Product description wireframe

Figure 7: Product Wireframe

P2.2 synthesise client-side and server-side functionality in a web application
The development of the website takes place by making use of a programming language. There
are many programming languages which can be used to generate a program, which is executed to
implement an application. HTML is one such example. There is client side as well as server-side
scripting languages available for making a web application. The functioning of the website is
divided into two parts:
 Client-side functions: The functions which are executed at the client end is termed as the
client side functions. The process of sending the input as well as getting the desired
output. Also, an image can be represented in visual form.
 Server-side functions: The operations which are performed at the server side come under
the category of server-side functions. The server-side functions are those functions in
which the client does not take part and these operations are not visible to the client. Sit
involves various operations like request sent to the server, database management system,
etc.
Both these functions discussed above play different roles in the development of the web
application. The working of the server side and client side functions are discussed below:
Three tier architecture: The way in which client side, as well as the server side interacts, can
be understood by the help of the three-tier architecture. As the name suggests, three-tier
architecture is composed of three different layers which are having different functions. These
layers or the tier is defined in the context of logical computing. The three layers of the three-tier
architecture are presentation tier, application tier, and the tier.
Presentation tier: The uppermost layers in three-tier architecture is known by the name of the
presentation tier. The presentation tier consists of the user interface. The web application or any
other browser can be used to access the interface of the user. All the essential information are
present in the end user along with graphical forms in the interfaces. The tools and the
technologies which are used to develop a presentation tier are CSS, JavaScript, HTML5, etc.
Application tier: The second most layer which is known by the name of the application tier. This
application tier gives various features & capabilities to the application which is developed. The
business logic is present in the application tier. This is developed by using technologies like C+
+, Java, Python, etc. (JReport, 2019).
Data tier: Data tier is the last layer and the third layer of the three-tier architecture. It has many
elements. The primary elements of the data tier which is widely used are data access layer. The
other important component of this data tier is the database system. The web applications and a
web browser can be used to connect both of them.