This essay explores the intricate relationship between human rights and the corresponding obligations within the Australian context. It delves into the constitutional provisions and regulations, such as the Anti-Discrimination Act, that safeguard fundamental rights like freedom of association, religion, and speech. The essay emphasizes that the enjoyment of these rights is contingent upon the fulfillment of fundamental duties, including obeying the law, defending the nation, and participating in elections. It highlights the importance of exercising rights responsibly, ensuring they do not infringe upon the rights of others, and criticizes the pursuit of rights for selfish ends. Drawing upon the "interest theory" and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the essay underscores the need to protect and promote essential human interests ethically and morally. The essay concludes by advocating for a balanced approach where individuals respect the rights of others and governmental authorities address infringements, fostering a society where rights and obligations are effectively harmonized.