Comparative Analysis: Beveridge Report, New Right, and Welfare Reforms

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the welfare state, starting with the foundational principles outlined in the Beveridge Report. It explores the main tenets of the Beveridge Report, including social insurance and the fight against 'five giants': want, disease, ignorance, squalor, and idleness. The report then examines the impact of New Right and neo-liberal ideologies, focusing on privatization, deregulation, and the shift towards individual responsibility. Furthermore, it discusses the Third Way approach, which attempts to reconcile left and right-wing policies, and analyzes the policies of coalition and conservative governments in relation to the Beveridge model. The report concludes by highlighting the mix of principles influencing the current British welfare system and its impact on citizens and government, emphasizing the importance of continued efforts to improve health and social care.

The Welfare State

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
Main principle outlines in Beveridge..........................................................................................2
New right and neo liberalism.......................................................................................................3
Third way approach.....................................................................................................................4
Coalition or Conservatives..........................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
From last many centuries, most of the people faces different social issues. This in turn
encourage government to improve the overall performance and develop strategies that assists to
improve the issue up to some level. The overall study is based upon comprehensive system of
social insurance which in turn provide effective contribution to the entire public. Therefore, the
base of the current report is related to Beveridge report which was provided by William
Beveridge and provide different ways through which government improve the overall situation
of all citizens. Moreover, the present report will provide main principle covered in Beveridge and
describe consensus politics where report provide how social policy impact over development of
health and social care. Along with this, report will provide new right and neo liberalism which
different issues will be discussed where new right policies are influenced. Lastly, report will
describe current conservative approaches by comparing to Beveridge.
Main principle outlines in Beveridge
The main principle underlined in Beveridge report includes proposal for future which is
not limited by sectional interest. Another principle is related to social insurance which is also a
part of comprehensive policy of social progress, in this five giants are also included like want,
disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness (Béland and et.al., 2021). Last principle includes under
Beveridge report is policies of social security which is attained by business between state and
individual. These principles are also related to universal ideology in which government provide
health services to the people so that they can get an attempt of Universal, publicly financed
health insurance.
As per the labour 1945-51 approach, the Beveridge report stated that it provides a
comprehensive system of social insurance where it was proposed different contribution to the
state (Harris, 2018). Also, it has been analysed that through this, working people should pay a
weekly contribution to the state and in return, it would be paid to unemployed, sick, widowed
and retired people. Thus, it reflected that the policy is mainly designed for labours so that they
get their right and work accordingly. Yes, it is similar to the principle designed under Beveridge
report by William because it is associated with social security where state must have to securing
the service and contribution.

Social policy assists to understand social problem in a society and determine the causes
which affect every individual. So, government have to implement policies in order to solve social
problem and the key criteria is to support as well as protect people who are mainly considered
vulnerable. Thus, these social policies are developed to improve human welfare and also meet
the human needs for their further improvement (Diamond, 2017). This in turn cause positive
impact over their health so that citizens can enjoy their rights. However, William Beveridge
stated in their report that social insurance and allied services are mainly contributed their part in
order to make them aware about the labours, along with this, it also assists to minimize the issue
pertaining to employment so that the country do not affected negatively.
These all ideas are related to Beveridge report in which legislation used where British
public with free diagnosis and treatment of illness provided to the public so that effective results
can provided. This is related to key ideology from Beveridge report under Universalist
principles, Keynesian that assist to improve the life of British people after the war ended.
New right and neo liberalism
A new right ideology is tending to advocate a free market economy and increases
deregulation privatisation that has a lower direct taxation as well as reduce the size of welfare
state. Moreover, it is somehow related to the Universalism because the principle assists to create
better social protection to provide effective results and different social rights. This in turn assists
to make people eligible for benefits of citizenship and define citizen that help to enhance
legitimacy of rights so that equal terms will be provided to all individuals. This is also related to
right to buy which allow people to buy their council home at different discount so that different
actions can be taken effectively. This is also related to the new right because it is somehow
different from other ones, but it is a collection of a political and social ideas that is somehow
known as political functionalism. However, Harris (2021) argued that most of the liberals left
politicians and welfare policy somehow undermined to traditional nuclear family that create a
large increase to the families so that it does not cause any negative impact over the country’s
performance.
Neo-liberalism actually shifts the generational fractures within housing and different
home-ownership opportunities because in Britain the rates of such houses mainly decreases. On
the other side, neoliberalism also affects unemployment because in a country, there are different

people who are still unemployed. That is why, instead of viewing unemployment as a social
problem, it must be considered as an individual responsibility. For example, in UK thee were
around 1.8 million in 2017 and thus represent around 6% of employment. However, this helps in
economic growth because it promotes global trade and debts which subordinate democracy,
social justice and freedom. Thus, it can be stated that this has a direct impact over different areas
and that is why, it might affect the overall economy of a country.
Third way approach
The third way is a political position that mainly attempts to reconcile right wing as well
as left wings by advocating different synthesis of centre right economic platform within a social
policy. This is supported a system of federalism for UK that define a possibility of a future that
support labour within a country. This in turn help to involve all politics which is recognized for
the labour so that effective results can be generated. Further, this law assists to recognize that
individuals are socially interdependent and advocated to social justice. The main idea entailed in
third way that focus on empowering individual and communities to move from poverty,
unemployment and social exclusions that help to determine the overall performance so that
effective outcomes can be generated (The Beveridge Report and the foundations of the Welfare
State, 2017). This law is designed to provide social support and welfare to work initiative and
derive better results for their betterment. Thus, it has been reflected that the third way is entirely
associated with New Labour administration from 1997 to 2007 under the guidance of Prime
Minister. In accordance with the law, it has been identified that there is an ambiguous nature of
relationship between third way and social democracy which provide a periodic reference to a
third way social democracy that is also fit for entire country.
Thus, it is also related to Beveridge report’s principles which in turn states that social
insurance is a part of comprehensive policy of a social progress and this assist to provide better
future to the country’s people so that effective results generated. Also, it reflected that with the
help of this law, a commitment to the use of public resource that assists to build a national stock
of a human capital that assist to improve economic performance. That is why, it is essential for
the country to improve the performance and comply with the laws so that range of effective
outcomes can be generated.

Coalition or Conservatives
As per the Beveridge report, it has been analysed that during second world war, Labour
Party entered into a coalition with a conservative Party and announced the creation of an inter-
departmental committee that provide social insurance and allied services. The ideological
approach included under Beveridge report includes where Financial crash 2008 used that mainly
occurred due to housing bubble and subsequent subprime mortgage crisis that is occurred due to
high default rate within a country (Orsi, 2017). In addition to this, the Welfare reform 2011 also
reflected that it is radically change in the structure of social security system which in turn
introduce different series of reform that ensure about Employment Support Allowance and
Housing benefit so that they gain effective earning of working.
Further, as per the Beveridge report, it has been analysed through a Churchill’s
commitment that it creates a welfare state that was limited and a conservative party opposed the
implementation of Beveridge Report which include voting against the founding of NHS. That is
why, this reflected that the main ideology covered under the report includes NHS which is a
pioneer of Universal and provide finance to public so that they provide an attempt to break away
from legacy of Poor law (Greener and Powell, 2021).
In addition to this, as per the Beveridge report, the current coalition government is
reducing welfare spending in a way that are likely to have a negative impact upon some children
as well as families. This include reducing child tax credit and child benefit for higher earners.
Though government is also introducing new indicator measure in a policy that assists to
encourage families so that they become a financial independent (Beveridge, 2017). Thus, it can
be stated that the planning of government is to merge different benefits under Universal Credit
Scheme and represent fundamental break. Overall, it can be stated that through effective Britain
welfare system that present an interesting mix of principles and influence from a past which help
for a strong foundation of welfare state principles. This in turn cause a positive impact over
citizens and government so that they have a direct impact over the performance of a country.

CONCLUSION
By summing up above report, it has been concluded that all the different policies within
Beveridge report are actually made in order to provide positive impact over the economic
platform so that country run in effective manner. Also, different principles covered under the
report summarized that it provides an idea to support the worker and their family so that effective
results can be generated. The Beveridge report further summarized that free medical treatment
should be provided that assist to improve the health of people and also contribute to continue to
work alongside new government bodies. Also, with the help of Third Party Law that all working
people should pay weekly contribution to a state that assist to provide effective result to sick
people and generate better outcome as well. Thus, the above report summarized welfare state that
provide effective result to all the employees in order to create effective outcomes. Overall, the
above findings clearly reflected that improvement measures in order to provide better health and
care to people so that effective results can be derived.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Béland, D. and et.al., 2021. Translating social policy ideas: The Beveridge report, transnational
diffusion, and post‐war welfare state development in Canada, Denmark, and
France. Social Policy & Administration.
Beveridge, W.I.B., 2017. The art of scientific investigation. Edizioni Savine.
Diamond, P., 2017. Fulfilling basic human needs: the welfare state after Beveridge. Austerity,
Community Action, and the Future of Citizenship, p.25.
Greener, I. and Powell, M., 2021. Beveridge, Bevan and institutional change in the UK welfare
state. Social Policy & Administration.
Harris, B., 2021. Social security, full employment and voluntary action: The three pillars of
William Beveridge's welfare society. Social Policy & Administration.
Harris, J., 2018. Some aspects of social policy in Britain during the Second World War. In The
Emergence of the Welfare State in Britain and Germany 1850–1950 (pp. 247-262).
Routledge.
Orsi, C., 2017. A Universal Allowance to all Citizens: Juliet Rhys-Williams' Alternative to The
Beveridge Plan. A Universal Allowance to all Citizens: Juliet Rhys-Williams' Alternative
to The Beveridge Plan, pp.35-66.
Online
The Beveridge Report and the foundations of the Welfare State. 2017. [online]. Available
through: <https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/beveridge-report-foundations-welfare-
state/>.