Wireless Networking Concepts - Electrical Engineering Homework

This assignment solution explores key concepts in wireless networking. It begins by defining and explaining cell splitting, including its impact on network capacity and the rationale behind it. The solution then delves into network design, differentiating between cells with small and large radii, and providing the characteristics of each. The solution discusses the use of sectorized and omnidirectional antennas, along with considerations for broadcast power, scalability, frequency reuse, grade of service, and budget. The assignment considers the implications of these factors on network architecture in different environments, such as urban and rural settings. The solution provides a comprehensive overview of wireless network planning and optimization, addressing factors such as call capacity and frequency reuse, making it a valuable resource for students studying electrical engineering or related fields.

Running head: WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 1
Wireless Networking
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation

WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 2
Question 1.
Cell Splitting is the method of apportioning a jam-packed cell into trivial cells, with every cell its
distinct base spot and a compliant reduction in antenna capacity, length and communication
power (Obaidat, 2017). This magnifies the size of a cellular structure as it rises the number of
intervals that channels are recycled again
In the image below, sector attended by A is presumed to be overcome by traffic (Obaidat, 2017).
New-fangled base spots are as a result required in the region to amplify the number of channels
in the area and to decrease the region attended by the single base spot. To be precise, A is
constrained by six new microcells; B, C, D, E, F and G.
Figure 1: Cell Splitting

WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 3
Question 2.
N=12 BW =30 MHz R=2 km
Control channels for each cell=10 number of operators for each channel=8
(i).
Reuse distance is givenby , D= √ ( 3 N )∗R
¿ √ ( 3∗12 )∗2=12 km
(ii).Modest channel=25 kHZ
Channel bandwidth=25∗2=50 kHz
Number of channels for each cell=30000
50 − ( 10∗12 ) =480
On the other hand all channels are multiplexed in the midst of 8 operators, for that reason the
number of concurrent calls supported each cell is
¿ 480
12 ∗8=320 calls / cell .
(iii)
Regular no of call request for each hour =60
1hr=60 x 60= 3600s
ƛ= 60
3600 = 1
60 requests/sec
Regular duration of a call =5% of hour.

WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 4
¿ 5
100∗3600=180 s=H
A=ƛH = 180∗1
60 =3 Erlangs
Question 3.
(1). Design Proposal.
Figure 2: Edge-excited cell Figure 3: Center-excited cell
(i). Cells with small radius.
The arrangement would be as demonstrated in figure 2. The small cell radius represents high
population in the zone and hence the necessity for high volume. For instance municipality zone.
Base spots are situated at the three of the six cell vertices with sectoral antennas for concetrated
volume (Obaidat, 2017). With this planning, cell splitting can be achieved with rising demand to
upsurge the volume. Similarly low power is indispensable for communication decreasing the co-
channel meddling owing to high frequency reuse. For that reason the best structure for town
zones.
(ii). Cells with large radius.

WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 5
The prearrangement would be as exhibited in figure 3. The bigger cell radius defines lower
inhabitants in the zone rendering to low volume. Base spots are sited in the middle of the cell
with omnidirectional antennas for high volume. High power is crucial for broadcast due to long
distances tangled. Co-channel meddling is trivial here as base spots are far away from each other
and also the frequency reprocess is trivial. For that purpose the best arrangement for countryside
zones or even parts of semi-urban counties Obaidat, (2017).
(2). Motives for the Design.
i. Broadcast power: Municipal districts have less broadcast power due to existence of a lot
of base spots in the area, that helps to prevent co-channel meddlesome. Country side
counties have restricted base spots and so broadcasts at a higher power to assure
coverage.
ii. Scalability: With rising demand for capacity, its calmer to augment more base spots or
components on the arrangement without fundamentally troubling the current base spots
or service.
iii. Frequency reprocess: Frequency reprocess in municipal district is high equated to semi-
metropolitan or country side areas due to high plea for capacity Hardjono, (2015).
iv. Grade of Service: The grade of service is greatly enhanced with sectoral directional or
omnidirectional tentacles likened to isotropic aerials.
v. Budget: The implementation and repairs budget is trivial for the cellular structure.

WIRELESS NETWORKING CONCEPTS 6
Reference
Hardjono, T. (2015). Security in wireless LANs and MANs. Boston: Artech House.
Obaidat, M. S. (2017). Cooperative networking. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley.