T1 2019 MN603 Wireless Networks and Security: Performance Report

This report evaluates the performance of wireless networks, focusing on the comparison of DSDV and AODV routing protocols within a simulated environment. The study utilizes NS-2 and NAM tools to simulate network behavior, analyzing the energy consumption, packet loss, and node movement over time. The report presents simulation results at various time intervals (50, 150, and 250 seconds), demonstrating how these protocols handle packet transmission and reception. The analysis of trace files reveals that DSDV provides a more uniform packet exchange with higher energy consumption compared to AODV, which offers faster information transfer with less energy usage. The report concludes that DSDV is suitable for applications needing reliable data transfer, while AODV is better suited for scenarios where energy conservation is critical, and the report provides insights into their respective strengths and weaknesses, offering a comprehensive view of their suitability for different wireless network applications.

Wireless Sensor Network
Student Name
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Introduction
In PC systems, remote systems can be characterized as a field that is worried about the interconnection
of medium less nodes. Remote PC systems reenactment can be accomplished by the utilization of the
NS-3 or NS-2 reproduction devices that function admirably in a Linux domain [1]. Be that as it may, they
can be utilized in the windows condition with the guide of the NSG2-1 and NAM instrument. The
instruments offer an incredible virtual condition to make organizes before physical usage.
Wireless Network Design
A basic plan of a system is accomplished with the guide of a structure instrument; NAM device. The
apparatus is helpful in both the following and reenactment of packets over a system. Reenactment is
done after the system plan that is accomplished with the guide of an uncommon programming (NetSim
programming) and sparing the tlc. Another apparatus; Cygwin, is utilized to think of the fundamental
directions required in producing the nam and tr file[2]. A NAM apparatus can be utilized to open and
adjust the nam record . The substance of the nam record is the recreations and the method utilized in
planning the product.
The image underneath is a portrayal of a system configuration before being reproduced and vivified by a
reenactment device.
After the system has be structured , the plan is spared as a nam record. This record is then opened
utilizing a NAM apparatus. The structure is shown int the NAM instrument as outlined underneath.

A packet information is sent from one node as it is received by another. This denotes the start of the
reproduction. This is appeared as follows.
A receiver can receive information from one node as well as many. The figure beneath demonstrates this
idea.

Simulation
Utilization of energy happens at a point/node where information is being sent from, on the grounds that
recreation happens at energy model. Energy utilization incredibly depends on the chose protocol for
routing. As referenced before, the chose protocols are the AODV and DSDV routing protocols. 20 nodes
are accessible for reenactment and can work for around five minutes before ceasing. The following is an
image showing the condition and how the recreation conduct at different timeframes ( 50sec,250sec and
500sec)in line with the routing protocols [3].

DSDV routing protocol
This is the showcase at 50 seconds by a DSDV protocol
As appeared, packets are being sent starting with one point then onto the next. The nodes are believed
to move from their unique position as delineated by node 20 which movements to a substitute position
of specialist getting node 4. As packets and information are being sent and received, an energy lose
happens at the nodes. It is seen that there is an impact between two nodes; 11 and 16 and the node
number 3. This is basically in light of the fact that we set the route indicates for these nodes that of node
number 3. It is consistent with state that amid the 50 seconds reproduction, there is a finished exchange
of packets of information with an equivalent loss of energy[4].

The following is a screen capture that demonstrates the recreation state in a DSDV protocol at 150
seconds of DSDV with the guide of a NAM device.
As showed above, at 150 seconds packets of information transmission rate has diminished.
Notwithstanding, packets are as yet being sent and received. Development of nodes from a point to
another has ceased. Energy levels have dropped at all the nodes. Be that as it may, the energy level is
still over 30J. The underlying energy was double the present energy.

At around 250 seconds of recreation utilizing the DSDV protocol, the image shows what is watched
A further decrease of energy from 30 joules to 29 joules causes a noteworthy decrease in the rate of
sending and accepting of information packets. An adjustment in shading in the vast majority of the nodes
is an unmistakable sign of this. As the energy being expended at every node drops to half of the
underlying energy, the nodes swing to yellow. Its sister imperative to take note of that at this dimension
none of the nodes have totally lost their energy [5].

AODV routing protocol
The following is a screen capture demonstrating the reenactment condition of the nodes at 50 seconds
utilizing the AODV routing protocol.
At this timeframe, a more prominent exchange of information packets move is seen in the start of the 5
seconds of the reproduction. After this greatest development of packets of information, it is seen that
nodes started moving as 20 nodes move toward the invalid 4 node. For our situation, this node is the
receiver operator. Correspondingly, an impact happens at node 3 as two nodes, 11 and 16 moved
towards it. This is happening in the range of the second 5 seconds that is between the fifth and tenth
seconds. No development of nodes and packets are sent or received after the tenth second.

The following is a screen capture that demonstrates the AODV routing protocol state at 150 seconds.
It is seen that, no exchange of information packets occurs at this period. Exchange and accepting of
packets occurred in the start of the reproduction (5 seconds). Correspondingly, no development of nodes
was experienced. There was no energy utilization amid this period (50-150 seconds) of reproduction.
This is because of no packets exchange or getting nor development of nodes [6].

The following is a screen capture that shows the AODV routing protocol state as at 250 seconds.
Like the 150 seconds time frame, no exchange of packets and the nodes did not move their positions as
well. Zero exercises and procedures occurred. The entire exercises in recreation of AODV occurred amid
the start of the reenactment, that the initial 5 seconds.
Analysis of trace files
DSDV routing Protocol
In accordance with the follow document, as the reenactment started the absolute first message is sent
by node o at 0.004166565 seconds. With the principal energy level being 60 joules. An energy misfortune
happens at precisely 0.004262 second a period at which all nodes experience an energy misfortune. This
is logical on the grounds that it's the phase at which packets of information are being sent as different
nodes receive these packets.
There's an equivalent information sending amid the recreation utilizing the DSDV routing protocol.
Information sending is done each second which clarifies the loss of energy consistently all through the
reenactment. AS recorded by the follow document, a more noteworthy sending of packets is seen in the
initial 50 seconds.
Essentially, information packets gathering was additionally uniform in the 300 seconds of reproduction.
Packets being sent were to be received by invalid 4 and 3 operators of gathering [7].

Energy misfortune was experienced all through the entire procedure. The energy was lost to a large
portion of the underlying at around 250 seconds, that is from 60 joules to just 30 joules of energy. This
delineates the procedure was methodical and uniform.
An expanded development of nodes and crash at different indicates by nodes drove the drop of packets
in the initial 50 seconds. To be increasingly precise a more prominent drop of packets is seen in the
following 5 seconds (fifth second to tenth second) as an ever increasing number of nodes moved their
positions.
AODV routing Protocol
This protocol somewhat fluctuates from the DSDV routing protocol as far as sending and getting of
information, packets dropping and utilization of energy.
Sending of packets of information happens in the initial couple of moments; 5 seconds. It is detectable
that packets of information are hugely sent from nodes to nodes amid this extremely brief period, after
which information was not being sent at all [8].
So also, the gathering of information is seen in a similar initial 5 seconds of reproduction. This is a similar
time at which information is being sent from different nodes to the required receiver nodes. This is the
reason with respect to why information gathering happens amid this stage. Information sending and
gathering does not happen after the fifth second; no information can be followed from the fifth seconds
to 300 seconds where the reenactment closes [8].
An enormous dropping of packets occurs amid the initial ten seconds. Additional dropping of packets
occurs amid the initial couple of minutes where an expanded packets exchange is experienced. There's a
decrease in the rate of dropping packets as the exchange of packets stops [9].

Results
The outline underneath speaks to an investigation of information of the DSDV routing protocol in
accordance with packets of information sent, received, dropped, and utilization of energy.
The outline underneath speaks to an investigation of information in an AODV routing protocol as far as
the packets of information being received, sent, dropped and utilization of energy.
Conclusion
As appeared in the examination above, it is consistent with infer that;