Literature Review: Impact of Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture

This report presents a review-based project that explores the impact of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in the field of agriculture. The project investigates the application of WSNs for remote monitoring, examining various techniques, technologies, and methodologies. The review covers key aspects such as environmental parameter monitoring, greenhouse climate control, and practical implementations using WSN and IoT. It also analyzes the design and completion of remote data monitoring dependent on ZigBee WSN. The report includes an analysis of several research papers, focusing on their methodologies, components, advantages, disadvantages, and evaluation criteria. The critical thinking section evaluates the features and limitations of the current solutions, providing insights into the future work suggested by the authors. The project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how WSNs are used in agriculture to improve efficiency and decision-making processes, including real-time data collection and analysis for better agricultural practices.

Review Based Project Literature Review (Secondary Research) Template
Student's Name MADAN DHAKAL
Project Type Review Based Project
Project Name Impact of wireless sensor network in the field of agriculture
Technology Wireless sensors network
Techniques Remote monitoring
Domain Agriculture
Questions Need to be Answered (Inclusive Criteria)
1. What is the novel methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor networks?
2. What are the environmental parameters which are monitoring in PA using WSN?
3. How WSN helps in greenhouse climate control?
4. What is the practical implementation of an Agriculture Monitoring using WSN and IoT Enabled?
5. How design and completion of Remote Data Monitoring is dependent on ZigBee WSN?
Version 1.0 _ Week 4
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Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Díaz, S. E., Pérez, J. C., Mateos, A. C., Marinescu, M. C., & Guerra, B. B. (2011). A novel
methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor
networks. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 76(2), 252-265.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/S0168169911000548
Q2 Wireless sensor networks
Agricultural monitoring
Ubiquitous computing
Development methodology
Winemaking
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Modern
Techniques, Traditional Techniques
and Energy Saving Techniques
Tools: Development Tools,
Simulation Tools, Web Tools
Applied Area: Agricultural
production
process based on wireless sensor
Problem: Lack of education of farmers
Goal: Deployment of Wireless Sensor
Network and applications of WSN in
agricultural monitoring
 Providing knowledge to farmers
 Using the deployment of WSN
 Proper agricultural monitoring
 Real time decision making
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networks, Establishing water saving
policies,
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
WSN is the technology which has the capability of providing perfect knowledge to all the farmers and this knowledge mainly represents a
resource which will be very valuable as it will be able to enable real time making of decisions regarding issues like establishment of policies for
saving water. This will help in providing irrigation at an adequate amount and in opting for the appropriate time for harvesting the fruit
depending upon the maturity.
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Wireless Sensor Networks Proper knowledge to the farmers and in
enabling decision making which will be
real time.
N/A
2 Modern techniques Production of agriculture comprising of the
cultivation of grapes.
N/A
3 Traditional techniques Farmers utilises it for detecting problems
like humidity or dryness and also in
detecting the ideal conditions.
N/A
4 Energy saving techniques Maximises the lifetime of the network. N/A
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Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Implementation of WSN Experts of WSN, RAT, Specification document of requirements
Simulation Application Source code, Binary code
Architecture of the network TDT, SeNTA, Relevant Measurements
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Terrain Study TDT, Topographic maps
Role as well as functionality RAT, Design of Roles, Functionality description
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Real Time Data
providing the use of
the WSN
technology
Agricultural
monitoring
The solution provides proper knowledge to
most of the farmers which represents valuable
resource as it enables real time making of
decisions regarding establishing policies for
saving water.
No methodology specifies the practices which
will be the best for the case of general crop
independence. Lack of methodology is general
impacts negatively on the amount of effort,
time for development and application
development cost.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
Precision agriculture has provided scenarios
which are suitable for the WSN deployment
which has helped in providing the farmers
with appropriate knowledge which has
Enough knowledge acquired by the farmers and
they are capable of establishing several policies
for saving water and for other issues as well. Production of agricultural process is
monitored based upon the sensor networks
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further enabled real time decision making. which are wireless.
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Lin, S., Miao, F., Zhang, J., Zhou, G., Gu, L., He, T., ... & Pappas, G. J. (2016). ATPC: adaptive transmission power control for wireless sensor
networks. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 12(1), 6.
Kyllmar, K., Forsberg, L. S., Andersson, S., & Mårtensson, K. (2014). Small agricultural monitoring catchments in Sweden representing environmental
impact. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 198, 25-35.
Citation that will be in the content
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(Lin et al., 2016)
(Lyllmar et al., 2014)
2
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Srbinovska, M., Gavrovski, C., Dimcev, V., Krkoleva, A., & Borozan, V. (2015). Environmental
parameters monitoring in precision agriculture using wireless sensor networks. Journal of cleaner
production, 88, 297-307.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/
article/pii/S0959652614003916
Q2 Monitoring of environment
Greenhouse architecture of vegetable
Precision Agriculture
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Energy
Management Techniques
Problem: Reducing competitiveness of
the sector of agriculture  EU Common Agricultural Policy
 Precision Agriculture
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Tools: Wireless Sensor Network
Architecture
Architecture of Wireless Sensor
Network
Applied Area: Precision agriculture
Goal: Strengthening the competitiveness
of the agricultural sector for
contributing to the protection of the
environment and in providing support
in job as well as growth in the areas
which are rural.
 Monitoring of Environment
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 EU Common Agricultural Policy Strengthening the competitiveness of the
agriculture of the sector of agriculture
N/A
2 Architecture of Wireless Sensor Network Green house of vegetables and achieving
cultivation which will be scientific.
N/A
3
4
5
Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Precision Agriculture Wireless Sensor Networks
Competitiveness EU Common Agricultural Policy
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Environment friendly methods of farming Agricultural Policy
Vegetable Greenhouse Architecture of Wireless Sensor Network
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Stored data
Collected data
Real time data
Optimizing
strategies and
control development
for the production
of cost
Studying variability
which is inter-
temporal of the
impacts of
environment
Serve as a basis for
strategy
development for the
optimization of
energy use on farms
The EU Common Agricultural Policy aims at
strengthening the agricultural sector’s
competitiveness for promoting innovation and
in contributing for the protection of
environment and in supporting jobs. The
architecture of WSN is utilized for the
greenhouse of vegetable which helps in
achieving cultivation which will be scientific
and the cost of management is also lowered to
a great extent from the aspect of the monitoring
of the environment.
Only the advantages are described, what may
happen due to the poor utilization of new
technologies such as WSN is not properly
mentioned.
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(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
What is the Future work that set by the
author in Conclusion and Future work
section
The competitiveness of the agricultural sector
has been improved and environment will be
protected. Greenhouse of the vegetables is
possible. This has been possible due to the
EU Common Agricultural Policy and WSN
architecture.
Environment is protected and there is an
improvement in the competitiveness of the
sector of agriculture.
Research about the architecture of WSN and
the particular policy has helped a lot in
obtaining the goals.
Diagram/Flowchart
Reference in APA format that will be in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the Journal Paper that the author selected and improve it (State of art of his work))
Van Zanten, B. T., Verburg, P. H., Espinosa, M., Gomez-y-Paloma, S., Galimberti, G., Kantelhardt, J., ... & Raggi, M. (2014). European
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agricultural landscapes, common agricultural policy and ecosystem services: a review. Agronomy for sustainable development, 34(2), 309-325.
Mulla, D. J. (2013). Twenty five years of remote sensing in precision agriculture: Key advances and remaining knowledge gaps. Biosystems
engineering, 114(4), 358-371.
Citation that will be in the content
(Van Zanten et al., 2014)
(Mulla, 2013)
3
Reference in APA format that will be
in 'Reference List'
(This give the Reference of the
Journal Paper you are working on it)
Ferentinos, K. P., Katsoulas, N., Tzounis, A., Bartzanas, T., & Kittas, C. (2017). Wireless sensor
networks for greenhouse climate and plant condition assessment. Biosystems engineering, 153, 70-81.
Citation that will be in the content
URL of the Reference Level of Journal (Q1, Q2, …Qn) Keywords in this Reference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/S1537511016302847
Q2 Heterogeneity of Climate
Measurements based upon plants
Precision agriculture
Control of Climate
The Name of the Current Solution
(Technique/ Method/ Scheme/
Algorithm/ Model/ Tool/ Framework/
... etc )
The Goal (Objective) of this Solution &
What is the Problem that need to be
solved
What are the components of it?
Technique/Algorithm name: Problem: Lack of accuracy in conditions Prototype of WSN
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Measurements for spatially
distributed environment.
Wireless Sensor Networks
Distributed System of Monitoring
Tools: Wireless Sensor Networks
Applied Area: Climate of several
regions within a greenhouse and
productivity
of greenhouse
Goal: Detailed climate representation at
several regions within a greenhouse and
investigating the effects of the
environmental conditions to the
reliability of the operation of the
network.
Measurements of environment at the plant level
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; The process steps of the Technique/system
Process Steps Advantage (Purpose of this step) Disadvantage (Limitation/Challenge)
1 Measurements of environment which are
distributed spatially
Creates precise as well as detailed climatic
representation within greenhouse
N/A
2 Distributed Monitoring System Commercial greenhouse N/A
3 WSN prototype Investigates the effects the conditions of
environment to the reliability of operation
of the network and performance assess.
N/A
4
5
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Validation Criteria (Measurement Criteria)
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Climate within greenhouse Wireless Sensor Network
Assessment of plant conditions Wireless Sensor Network
Spatial variability in temperature Measurements of WSN
Input and Output Critical Thinking: Feature of this work, and
Why (Justify)
Critical Thinking: Limitations of the
research current solution, and Why
(Justify)
Input (Data) Output (View)
Spatially distributed
measurements of
environment at the
level of plant and
WSN
Assessment of
greenhouse and
condition of plant
A precise representation of climate at several
regions within a greenhouse has been created
by several measurements of environment which
are distributed spatially and shows how
heterogeneity of climate can cause several
significant differences in yield. Monitoring
system which is distributed is formed with the
use of WSN in a greenhouse which is
commercial.
How several problems related to the
production of crop arises are not well
described. Only the prevention has been
depicted. Several issues which arises related
to the quality of sensing of WSN is not well
described.
(Describe the research/current solution) Evaluation Criteria How this research/current solution is
valuable for your project
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