Emerging Technologies in Wireless Sensor Networks: Bibliography

This annotated bibliography provides an overview of emerging technologies in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It covers various research articles focusing on topics such as secure communication, routing architecture, landslide detection, security challenges, 5G wireless networks, and potential synergies. The bibliography also includes studies on WSN system design using Raspberry Pi and Arduino for environmental monitoring, virtualization of WSNs, agricultural applications, energy harvesting, automated irrigation systems, and MAC schemes for cloud-based applications. Each annotation summarizes the article's key findings and contributions to the field, highlighting the challenges and advancements in WSN technology.

Running head: WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 1
Annotated Bibliography on emerging technologies on Wireless Sensor Network
Name:
Institution Affiliation:

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 2
Khan, F. (2014, October). Secure communication and routing architecture in wireless
sensor networks. In Consumer Electronics (GCCE), 2014 IEEE 3rd Global
Conference on (pp. 647-650). IEEE.
The evaluation of this article examines on the security of the wireless sensor network which has
been an emerging technology and has been an important feature since it is utilized in the critical
applications for example surveillance, tracking and controlling along with monitoring (Khan,
2014). There is significance of a secure and a reliable communications especially for the
delivering the vital information correctly and in good time through a low powered sensor motes.
The main problem associated in this technology is that of security of these networks particularly
on the privacy (Khan, 2014). I have learnt the proposed security mechanism through combining
of the features of the two security architectures in the WSNs such as the TESLA and Bloom
Filters.
Ramesh, M. V. (2014). Design, development, and deployment of a wireless sensor network
for detection of landslides. Ad Hoc Networks, 13, 2-18.
Based on the interpretation and the evaluation done on this article, the main aspect it highlights is
the wireless sensor networks that are the promising emerging solutions (Ramesh, 2014). This
technology is offering possibility to the real time monitoring of the geographical areas that are
susceptible particularly to the disasters mitigation (Ramesh, 2014). The article in addition has
pointed out on the predicted issues confronted in the deployment of the wireless sensor networks
and solutions that are intended to overcome them. The advantage related to this system is to
delivering real warning to the community particularly during the rain. I have learned that the
wireless sensor networks are among the efficient methods to real time monitoring in disaster
susceptible places.
Pathan, A. S. K., Lee, H. W., & Hong, C. S. (2006, February). Security in wireless sensor
networks: issues and challenges. In Advanced Communication Technology, 2006.
ICACT 2006. The 8th International Conference (Vol. 2, pp. 6-pp). IEEE.
The overview of research article highlights the wireless Sensor Network as the rising technology
which demonstrates the promise for the numerous ultramodern programs both to the public and
the military. From the article I have found out that there are advantages related to the
technology , this sensing technology coupled with the processing power and the wireless
communication tends to make it lucrative to become exploited in the future ( Pathan, Lee &
Hong , 2006). From what was learned in this post, there are security threats which occur mostly
to the utilization of the technology. Nevertheless, the review has presented security mechanisms
to the wireless sensor networks along with the holistic view to the security to make sure layered
and robust security has been achieved in this technology.
Chin, W. H., Fan, Z., & Haines, R. (2014). Emerging technologies and research challenges
for 5G wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 21(2), 106-112.

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 3
The article examines on the increase interest in the technologies which determine the next
generation in the communication technology standard. Within this paper it recognizes numerous
emerging technologies that could adjust and at the same time define on the future generation
particularly to the telecommunication standards (Chin, Fan & Haines, 2014). From the article it
is learnt that some of these technologies have already make their way into the standards such as
the 3GPP LTE and others are in the development stages (Chin, Fan & Haines, 2014). These
technologies they are provide benefits to the telecommunication technology such as the mobile
phone that have revolved in the rapid past decade.
Rawat, P., Singh, K. D., Chaouchi, H., & Bonnin, J. M. (2014). Wireless sensor networks: a
survey on recent developments and potential synergies. The Journal of
supercomputing, 68(1), 1-48.
On the interpretation and evaluation of this article it looks at how the wireless sensor network
has surfaced as the most favorable technologies for the future (Rawat, Singh, Chaouchi &
Bonnin, 2014). This continues to be allowed by the improvements in the technology in addition
to its accessibility and the smart sensors that lead to cost effective and easily deployable Wireless
sensor network (Rawat, Singh, Chaouchi & Bonnin, 2014). The literature of the article has
addressed how the researchers are tackling the various challenges in order to facilitate the
widespread deployment of WSN technology particularly in the real world domains. In overview,
I have learnt about the wireless sensor networks and their application domains which include the
challenges review to the recent technologies along with the testbeds for the WSN.
Ferdoush, S., & Li, X. (2014). Wireless sensor network system design using Raspberry Pi
and Arduino for environmental monitoring applications. Procedia Computer
Science, 34, 103-110.
Wireless sensor network technology continues to be an emerging as a feasible solution to most of
the programs which are advanced (Ferdoush & Li, 2014 ) . In the overview of the article, it
explains a wireless sensor network system that has already been designed via utilization of an
open-source hardware platform that are Raspberry Pi and Arduino ( Ferdoush & Li , 2014 ) . I
have learnt that within this system it is low cost and is definitely scalable in relation to the kind
of the sensors and variety of the sensor nodes which make it to be suitable for various
applications that are associated with the environmental monitoring. In the article it has also
presented overall system architecture and model of the hardware together with the software
elements.
Khan, I., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., Morrow, M., & Polakos, P. (2015). Wireless
sensor network virtualization: early architecture and research perspectives. IEEE
Network, 29(3), 104-112.
In the overview evaluation and interpretation of this article, it highlights that the wireless sensor
networks have grown to be pervasive and they are presently utilized in numerous programs and
services. The utilization of the WSN it is task oriented but it domain specific, hence, precluding
re-use whenever other of the programs and services happen to be contemplated (Khan, Belqasmi,
Glitho, Crespi, Morrow & Polakos, 2015). The study has highlighted also to tackle the problem

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 4
of proliferation of the redundant WSN deployments there usage of virtualization technology
could help. The benefits of this technology enable the sharing of the resources or the
infrastructure through multiple independent entities. Overview, the research study critically state
the art and proposes the architecture for the virtualization of the WSN technology. In the article,
I have learnt the proposed architecture and an illustration to the potential usage of the WSN
especially in sharing of the multiple applications.
Ojha, T., Misra, S., & Raghuwanshi, N. S. (2015). Wireless sensor networks for
agriculture: The state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges. Computers and
Electronics in Agriculture, 118, 66-84.
The interpretation and evaluation of this research article examines the wireless sensor networks.
On the findings, the WSNs have spurred new direction when it comes to the research in the
agricultural and the farming domain. In the recent times according to the research, WSNs has
been used widely in the application of different agricultural appliances (Ojha, Misra &
Raghuwanshi, 2015). The article reviews the potential for the WSN application as well as the
specific issues along with challenges that are associated to deploying WSNs for improved
farming. There has been analysis on the specific requirements, devices, along with the
communication methods that are associated to the WSNs in agricultural applications (Ojha,
Misra & Raghuwanshi, 2015). The article has also provided numerous case studies to discover
the current solution which are proposed in the literature to various types depending on design
and implementation affiliated guidelines.
Khan, I., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., Morrow, M., & Polakos, P. (2016). Wireless
sensor network virtualization: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials,
18(1), 553-576.
The evaluation of this research article examines on the wireless sensor Networks which is the
key components to the emerging technologies such as the internet of things paradigm. WSNs
have been utilized in various application domains. The emerging technology in WSN is
virtualization which could have the potential of enabling sharing (Khan, Belqasmi, Glitho,
Crespi, Morrow & Polakos, 2016). The article has examined on the WSN virtualization and it
provides a comprehensive review of the state and an in depth discussion of the research issues.
The review has presented on the existing work which has been discussed critically through use of
requirements that is derived from the scenarios.
Shaikh, F. K., & Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A
comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, 1041-1054.
This research article evaluates on the wireless sensor network that has been able to entice a
number of the attention due to pervasive nature and deployment in the internet of things , cyber
physical systems along with other of the emerging areas ( Shaikh & Zeadally , 2016 ) . The
problem concerns related in this research are on the limited energy related to the WSNs
technologies ( Shaikh & Zeadally , 2016 ) . Nevertheless, in overcoming on this limitation there
has been design and development of an effective and high performance harvesting of energy

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 5
system for the WSN environment. I have learned within this study on the extensive taxonomy of
various energy pre-harvesting sources that can be employed for the WSNs.
Gutiérrez, J., Villa-Medina, J. F., Nieto-Garibay, A., & Porta-Gándara, M. Á. (2014).
Automated irrigation system using a wireless sensor network and GPRS module.
IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement, 63(1), 166-176.
This research article examines on the emerging technologies on Wireless sensor network. The
technology which has been developed and has utilized this application is automated irrigation
program which is aimed to optimize water for the agricultural crops (Gutierrez, Villa, Nieto &
Porta, 2014). This system has the distributed wireless network for the soil moisture along with
the temperature sensors that are put into the root zone of the plants. These studies have also
highlighted how this system was designed and how it is powered. From this article have learnt
the implementation of the automated irrigation system and its development has proved to be an
asset especially in the use of the water irrigation purposes.
Shahzad, F., & Sheltami, T. R. (2015, October). An efficient MAC scheme in wireless
sensor network with energy harvesting (EHWSN) for cloud based applications. In
Local Computer Networks Conference Workshops (LCN Workshops), 2015 IEEE 40th
(pp. 783-788). IEEE.
This research article examines the wireless sensor networks which are utilized in the various
applications and this has proved backbone to the new pervasive internet or the IOT (Shahzad &
Sheltami, 2015). In this research it has highlighted that the researchers are working to merge
other emerging technologies as well as the services such as the cloud computing and the Big data
with the designs of the IOT (Shahzad & Sheltami, 2015). The research has highlighted the
energy consumption is what is associated to the design in the WSN based system. In the paper I
have learnt the performance of various MAC schemes for the WSNs.

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 6
References
Chin, W. H., Fan, Z., & Haines, R. (2014). Emerging technologies and research challenges
for 5G wireless networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 21(2), 106-112.
Ferdoush, S., & Li, X. (2014). Wireless sensor network system design using Raspberry Pi
and Arduino for environmental monitoring applications. Procedia Computer
Science, 34, 103-110.
Gutiérrez, J., Villa-Medina, J. F., Nieto-Garibay, A., & Porta-Gándara, M. Á. (2014).
Automated irrigation system using a wireless sensor network and GPRS module. IEEE
transactions on instrumentation and measurement, 63(1), 166-176.
Khan, F. (2014, October). Secure communication and routing architecture in wireless sensor
networks. In Consumer Electronics (GCCE), 2014 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on (pp.
647-650). IEEE.
Khan, I., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., Morrow, M., & Polakos, P. (2016). Wireless
sensor network virtualization: A survey. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials,
18(1), 553-576.
Khan, I., Belqasmi, F., Glitho, R., Crespi, N., Morrow, M., & Polakos, P. (2015). Wireless
sensor network virtualization: early architecture and research perspectives. IEEE
Network, 29(3), 104-112.
Ojha, T., Misra, S., & Raghuwanshi, N. S. (2015). Wireless sensor networks for agriculture:
The state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges. Computers and Electronics in
Agriculture, 118, 66-84.
Pathan, A. S. K., Lee, H. W., & Hong, C. S. (2006, February). Security in wireless sensor
networks: issues and challenges. In Advanced Communication Technology, 2006. ICACT
2006. The 8th International Conference (Vol. 2, pp. 6-pp). IEEE.
Ramesh, M. V. (2014). Design, development, and deployment of a wireless sensor network
for detection of landslides. Ad Hoc Networks, 13, 2-18.
Rawat, P., Singh, K. D., Chaouchi, H., & Bonnin, J. M. (2014). Wireless sensor networks: a
survey on recent developments and potential synergies. The Journal of
supercomputing, 68(1), 1-48.
Shahzad, F., & Sheltami, T. R. (2015, October). An efficient MAC scheme in wireless sensor
network with energy harvesting (EHWSN) for cloud based applications. In Local
Computer Networks Conference Workshops (LCN Workshops), 2015 IEEE 40th (pp. 783-788).
IEEE.

WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK 7
Shaikh, F. K., & Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A
comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, 1041-1054.