Essay on Post-Industrialisation: Work, Organisation, and Economy

This essay provides an in-depth analysis of work and organisation during the post-industrialisation period, focusing on the shift from manufacturing and agriculture to a service-based economy. It examines key features of efficient work practices, changes in employment patterns, and the impact of technology and machines. The essay discusses the decline of traditional industries, the rise of the service sector, and the role of government in adapting to these changes. It explores the impact of globalisation, trade unions, and the evolving working culture in Britain, including the use of machines, export strategies, and the challenges faced by small businesses. The essay concludes by emphasizing the significant impact of post-industrialisation on the British economy, education, and societal values, highlighting both the opportunities and challenges presented by this transformative era.

Work and Organisation

Table of Contents
ESSAY.............................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

ESSAY
Post industrialisation is the period of development, when service sector industries are
contributing more than manufacturing and agriculture industries. It is the time of rapid growth.
They are generating more ideas for improving the economy. In this period people attracts more
towards gaining knowledge as compared to agriculture and manufacturing. In this present essay,
the analysis is on work and organisation at the time of post industrialisation. Key features of
doing work efficiently and all the changes in employment pattern are part of this assignment.
Also, it gives a brief description about the traditional method of agriculture and about the wages
of labour who are easily accessible for doing work in factories (Marchand and Blanc2011).
Organisation is social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet the needs or
to pursue collective goals. They all work as a unit and helps an entity to achieve their targets
successfully. All the works of every organisation contributes in their economy. Many small,
medium, micro enterprises are contributing in economy by their production. Apart from large
scale business MSME are also helps in society welfare and in growth of economy. There are
many non profit organisations are also work in this aspects. They are generally work for welfare
of society so, their contribution can not be neglected.
Work in an organisation helps it to achieve their targets. Work is any physical or mental
efforts through which all the set goals can be attain. It can also be said as task. This division of
task helps an individual to improve their skills and working experience. Any organisation
prepare strategies for achieving their goals and targets.
In 1860, an economy of Britain got fall. They faced many problems at the time of post
industrialisation period. At that time, domestic market was smaller and the consumer demand
was less for homogeneous product. At that time labour cost was cheap and it made the hiring
process easy. After all this, a machine industry became a new industry for performing various
activities. After the post industrialisation, Britain used machine for more production. The rate of
wage labour was high at the time of post industrialisation.
The majority of labours and workers are not going to be the part of agriculture and
fishing but they became the part of service sector. Because they are getting more in service. So,
their interest over agricultural activities get reduced. Mostly workers are getting attract towards
service sector where they have security of job. The agriculture sector is going down day by day.

Agrarian revolution: At that time of revolution the new techniques of farming was introduced. It
helps mostly to all the farmers and getting back their interest in agricultural activities from
service. These changes impacted as the society people became more aware about their health.
Post industry society refers the division of specialised task and managers help managers
to coordinate with workers. This post industrialisation was mainly started by large manufacturers
who want to produce more and more and gave employment to large number of workers for this
concern.
Britishers had more advanced technology in agriculture field than other European
countries. They have more farmland for production so, they can produce more than others. Also,
they have advanced technology, it helps them to produce high quality crops. At that time some
important inventions has take place which helps them to produce more quantity and good
quality. In this era, when service economy leads the market very well. In this situation the
number of workers in service department got increased as compared to industries.
Post industrialisation was seemed to be the creative and innovative culture. As education
is spreading more and more, hence it helps many people to think creative and become
successive generation in contributing more in society.
In a stable economic environment, government play a significant role. Government also
helps them to adopt these changes by making aware of people towards agriculture sector on the
place of service sector. They gave better quality of education and conduct awareness
programmes through which everyone became aware about the agricultural activities and accept
all the changes which were drawn in this era. They help farmers for purchasing new machines
for agriculture. Also start providing good quality yields and take care about the health of their
residents. They help many industries to get recover from the changing situation.
Government start helping to small industries hence,that they can contributes more in
economy by giving more jobs to unemployed sector. Because of this growing time, large
industries use machine for producing goods, employment ratio goes decline. But with help from
government these small scale business entrepreneurs became able to open up their own ventures
and start working in them. This made a large impact on economy because this concern helps
them to produce more by labour intensive method. Also, they became creative and innovative so,
they are not going to face any problems. In 1966, over half population of Britain was get

engaged in service sector(Hummel 2012). They did not pay any kind of attention towards
agriculture or fishing. Later on in 1971, this census got rise to 55 percent.
Hence, by introducing new methods of irrigation techniques, government wants to take
their attention on agricultural activities as compared to service sector. Hence, government
reduced their service sector seats and completely focused on improving the ratio of production in
agriculture sector.
Current working culture: The current working culture of Britain is that they are using machines
for large scale production. It helps them to adopt innovative techniques and technology in
present era. It helps them to take one more step ahead in technological sector. Their present
working culture not facilitates the human power growth in large scale business but they force to
use machines more as compared to labour intensive techniques. This labour intensive method
helps them in producing more and more goods with high quality.
But it made a impact over on labour intensive method. The machines reduce the work of
human. And this may causes that some of their locals are unemployed and attracting towards
service sector(Cohen, 2011.).
The machine culture promotes them to export more than others in world. They start
exporting more globally. So, through this they are getting more strength in world. Due to good
quality and excellent service their prices are generally high and are not affordable for a common
person. They are exporting more and importing less. But their drawback was less use of labours.
Their manpower for working is still not capable for doing any task as compared to ancient time.
Their products are ready to use, it plays as a key function in their sales. Sales increment
improves their economy of their country. As this advancement promotes the job, wages and
exports. The labours which usually work in factories, no compulsion to have a higher degree of
any specialisation. Their creativeness and innovation is must for them. Export helps them to sale
their goods internationally. They are using high quality techniques, which helps them to sale
their products in a better economy country. This advancement helps them to achieve their target
of export in international market.
This advancement requires more capital for new technology so, that they can produce
good quality products. It was quite high for each and every firm and they were not able to install
new technologies. And it also increases the labour cost because all the labours have proper
knowledge of machine. Their work can become effective.

Because large entities were only targeted about their export and gaining profit. So, these
small firms helps their country by producing goods for middle class people. They also start
giving employment to many workers. Because they are not able to implement new technologies
due to inefficiency of money. Usually, these entities are producing for local market where they
can attract more consumers and get return according to their cost. This helps them to gain profit
from market. They are also using some market attracting strategies, that they can easily attract
their large variety of consumers.
This expansion of time and technology also give birth to trade unions. Trade unions
normally works in favour of workers. They help them to became more aware about their
rights(Deakin and Morris 2012). Mostly lower class people were going to work on these
industries because they don't have proper knowledge and skills of doing things professionally.
These organisations have to adopt some steps which helps them to motivate their
employees and encourage them to doing their duties accurately. They can also get motivated
through some incentive and perks. This leads to increase an individual interest in an organisation.
Managers have to maintain discipline at workplace and promotes friendly behaviour, all workers
can share their problems with managers(Malloch, 2010). Managers should have to work on those
issues and it helps in encourages workers to do their task on time. Continuity and efficiency of
doing task help an organisation to attain their objectives on time. It may work in a profitable
sector of an organisation.
Coming back to the topic again, in Britain manufacturing and agricultural sector got
decline. The craze of white collar jobs and other services increases. But all people can not be
able to join these type of job because they are limited in number. These people got employment
from large units and some other start their work of their own. Own work establishment helps
them to increase their country's economy. So, their place for service sector and educated people
ratio also get increase(Llewellyn and Hindmarsh 2010).
It gave birth to globalisation and boundaries no longer be the barrier for any kind of
exchange service. (Watson and,Korczynski 2011). they start trading their products and became a
leading country in sales.
So, by using all the above analysis it is concluded that post industrialisation made a very
big impact on the British economy. This change helps in increasing will for education. They
totally refused to work in industries or in agriculture sector and start working on service sector.

This leads government to introduces many policies for agriculture sector and leads them to work
for the society. Industries have their only one goal which is to export as much as they can in
global market. The large scale industries innovative many technology which helps them to
produce more and more in near future. Post industrialisation time considered as creative era
because many creative methods adopted by them in favour of society. It leads the craze of
education in general public and they became aware about their health.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Watson, T and Korczynski, M., 2011. Sociology, work and organisation. Routledge.
Llewellyn, N and Hindmarsh, J., 2010. Work and organisation in real time: an introduction.
Organisation, interaction and practice: Studies of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis.
pp.3-23.
Llewellyn, N and Hindmarsh, J. eds., 2010. Organisation, interaction and practice: Studies of
ethnomethodology and conversation analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Deakin, S.F and Morris, G.S., 2012. Labour law. Hart publishing.
Malloch, M. ed., 2010. The SAGE handbook of workplace learning. Sage Publications.
Cohen, R.L., 2011. Time, space and touch at work: body work and labour process (re)
organisation. Sociology of Health & Illness. 33(2). pp.189-205.
Farndale, E., and et. al., 2014. Work and organisation engagement: aligning research and
practice. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance. 1(2). pp.157-176.
Hummel, J and van der Duim, R., 2012. Tourism and development at work: 15 years of tourism
and poverty reduction within the SNV Netherlands Development Organisation. Journal of
Sustainable Tourism. 20(3). pp.319-338.
Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D and Cooper, C.L., 2011. The concept of bullying and harassment
at work: The European tradition. Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Developments in
theory, research, and practice. 2. pp.3-40.
Marchand, A and Blanc, M.È., 2011. Occupation, work organisation conditions and the
development of chronic psychological distress. Work.40(4). pp.425-435.
Online
As the UK has discovered, there is no postindustrial promised land. 2017. [Online]. Availabvle
Through: <https://www.theguardian.com/business/economics-blog/2015/may/18/as-the-uk-has-
discovered-there-is-no-postindustrial-promised-land>. [Accessed On 17th March 20117].