University Engineering Research: Worker Safety in Construction Field

This report presents a research proposal focused on worker safety within the construction industry. It identifies workplace well-being and safety as paramount for protecting construction workers' physical and mental health. The construction industry, while economically significant, presents numerous hazards, making worker safety a critical concern. The research explores issues such as accidents, risks, and the need for improved safety measures. It includes a literature review, research questions, objectives, and methodology, along with a timeline, resources, and risk assessment. The proposal delves into the impacts of safety failures, analyzes case studies, and proposes future work, including the potential role of automated robots. The report also includes a project communication plan, research proposal, and discusses implementation and results, providing a summary of findings and conclusions. The goal is to enhance worker safety, reduce accidents, and improve the overall well-being of construction workers.

Running head: ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
Engineering Research Preparation
Topic: Workers Safety in Construction Field
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
Abstract
Workplace Well-being and Safety for a construction project site is identified as the primary
aspects for protecting the physical and mental well-being of the workforces and their security
while working at the construction site. Construction industry is regarded to be the most
economically enhancing amongst the industries all over the world, but at the same time it is
the most problematic industries as the employees are at constant risk of having physical and
emotional injuries during any kind of ongoing construction projects. Ensuring the well-being
and safety of the workers are also required since it the most important aspect of any industry
to secure the workplace well-being and safety of the involved employees considering them as
the most important asset in the industry. Thus, the following research would be built upon the
ideas developed to find out or identify the issues that can occur in the workplaces during the
construction project going on and how the employees can also be made aware of the situation
and provided with safety measures to ensure total well-being security. This also includes the
identification of the reason behind the development of the issues to help in finding out
appropriate measures for the mitigation of the issues.
Keywords
Construction Industry, Occupational Well-being and Safety, Workplace Well-being,
Automated Robots, Worker Safety Attire

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................3
1.1 Identification of the problem with practical and theoretical perspective.........................3
1.2 Case Study........................................................................................................................4
1.3 Analysis of the impacts....................................................................................................6
2. Literature Review...............................................................................................................7
3. Research Questions..........................................................................................................10
4. Research Objective...........................................................................................................11
5. Research Methodology.....................................................................................................11
6. Timeline of the project.....................................................................................................13
7. Milestones........................................................................................................................13
8. Resources.........................................................................................................................13
9. Identification of uncertainties and risks with solutions....................................................14
10. Scope of the Project.......................................................................................................14
11. Project Uncertainties......................................................................................................15
12. Project Communication Plan..........................................................................................15
13. Research Proposal.............................................................................................................17
13.1 Synthesis of Problem Analysis.....................................................................................17
13.2 Problem definition........................................................................................................18
14. Implementation and Results...............................................................................................18
15. Research summary, findings and future work....................................................................20
15.1 Research Summary.......................................................................................................20
15.2 Findings........................................................................................................................21
15.3 Future Work.................................................................................................................22
16. Conclusion..........................................................................................................................23
References................................................................................................................................24
Appendix..................................................................................................................................29
1. Gantt chart........................................................................................................................29
2. Work Breakdown Structure..............................................................................................29

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1. Introduction
1.1 Identification of the problem with practical and theoretical perspective
The way that the industry providing construction services has proficient and
widespread growth in the past few years, there are various aspects of the industry that
worldwide needs to be appreciated for making a project to be successful. All the issues that
arise in construction can mostly be related to the safety issues arising during an ongoing
construction project. It is always been taken into consideration that the personnel that are
within the construction project are taken at most care of and given proper importance. This is
the reason why right from the design stage, the safety issues need to be considered for
planning and entire project from its initial stage to its completion and all the aspects of the
project.
The construction industry always considered skilled and unskilled labour to employee
and these are the people that are subjected to the accidents and risk for the health of the
workers at any construction site. The construction industry is susceptible to more physical
injuries than any other industry. There are various contractors and clients needed for the
completion of any kind of project in the construction area and it has been found that various
construction conditions lakh the coordination between the workforce, contractors and clients
to establish a safe working condition (Karimi, Arghami and Behroozi 2017). For this reason,
there are numerous liver safety laws available nowadays that keeps account of all the physical
activities that involves within a construction site and the accidents that take place in
construction site one after another. The management of a project in the industry concerning
with construction works commits itself to the safety of well-being of a worker in the
construction site and project managers often face a lot of pressure to handle the situations.
The construction industry is often susceptible to various pressures like completing a project

4ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
in the least time possible as time is considered as money. It may also occur that the pressure
in the project managers and crew results into meeting the deadlines as soon as possible with
the fixed budget keeping aside the safety measures. Private organisations and therefore
resulted into workers fatalities.
Therefore, theoretically speaking, the problem that has been identified for the safety
and security of workers in the construction site is the consideration of all the extensive areas
of worker safety. Theoretically, a construction site should consider all the aspects of
respecting the safety of the workers during a project. However, it has been found that the
work pressure and the willingness of completing the project as soon as possible keep the
probability of safety and security of the workers in the construction site as least as possible to
meet the deadline and complete the project and present it to the client.
1.2 Case Study
There are a huge number of considerable cases in the construction field that has
resulted to considerable amount of hazards causing health risk for the people working in the
construction sites. There are also incidences where fumes, noise, dust, manual handling and
other problems with poor occupational health service provision has actually contributed to the
labours who are working in the construction site. The results of wind disasters leading to
several cases of casualties for not just the contracted labours working for the construction site
but also show for subcontractors who were not part of the construction project as a daily
worker from the side of the organisation (Cheng et al. 2015). The occupational health
management has resulted into several data that has presented the information about
negligence of inconsistencies, Limited and sizeable cost invested on thinking about the health
and safety hazards of the people working. Even the incidences has resulted into finding out
the facts that the managers were handling the projects at that time also had limited idea about
managing the occupational health and safety hazards for the construction site workers. There

5ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
are several incidents is found that could have been otherwise solved by instigating training
sessions for the people who are associated with the project related to construction sites (Reese
2015). As per an undertaken research, it was found that the construction activities in the
processing of a construction project through several events occurring in March 1996 and
November 1997, most European construction sites did not adhere to the health and safety
standardisation even for the high profile organisations and the larger Pan Asian constructions
where the organisation was almost compromising the health and safety of the people
associated with the project (Ringen, Seegal and England 2015). The associated people would
not this include the construction workers but also were including the people who were
associated with the project as subcontractors, and other stakeholders including the workers,
the project managers, and even the executive who would monitor the projects by visiting the
sites every now and then.
Discussion: From the above UK projects about health and safety standardization and
the impact it had on the associated people of the project occurring between March 1996 and
November 1997 had huge impact on not just the associated people working on the
construction yeah but also enlisted its impact on the entire organisation and also the
associated stakeholders. This is why it has been largely seen that not understanding the
standards followed for a particular construction project is actually it necessary as much as it
is to complete the entire project within the estimated time (Aires, Gamez and Gibb 2016).
Construction project mostly includes a lot of invested some of money as a capital for
different phases of the project. It also requires a lot of effort and time for the construction
project which on the other hand involves capital investment as well. Since such a huge
amount of capital and liquid investment is made on construction projects, this particular
project on the pan Asian construction was also engulfing a lot of money from the
stakeholders who were investing on the projects. Analysing the impact of all the effects that

6ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
the organisation can take by making the project delayed and what the monetary impact would
be on the overall responsibility of the construction organisation was analysed (Reese 2015).
However, the fast processing of the construction project did not clarify how much it would be
to consider the impact on the occupational health hazard for the people involved with the
projects is well. This is why the organisation started to hurry the project up not concerning
anything about the occupational health hazards of the workers and employees who work
directly involved into processing the project. Due to this there was an inevitable fall of the
occupational health hazards that caused many casualties due to several accidents caused at
the site. The possibility that the project would consider the impact of the occupational health
hazard on the total health of the workers was not considered even if it was for their physical
health or mental health. This impacted the entire project causing several worker casualties as
well as money and time loss for both the organisation involved in the project.
1.3 Analysis of the impacts
The construction industry is one of the foremost monetary forces but it is also been
identified as one of the most perilous industries given the resulting of accidents and physical
suffering to the workers. It has been identified that the considerable pain and suffering that
has been resulted to the workers is mostly generated from the marginalizing of productivity
with the considerations to meeting targets and project completion in the least time possible. It
is often been found that the clients or the project owners have been pressurizing the project
managers a lot at the cost of the construction projects. Therefore, it is also been found that as
a result, to meet the daily targets and the completion of the project in the given time and
within the budget, the quality of work for the safety of the workers are not what are given
much attention to. Therefore, it is easier to understand that in construction industry, time and
budget is a major factor that acts as the primary factor about the consideration of safety and
security of the workers during the ongoing projects at the construction site. Identified as one

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of the major reasons why the projects in construction industry lack in identifying the major
safety issues or risks for the workers during a project.
As a result, it has been always witnessed that safety and well-being environment are
neglected on the construction site and all the risks that can occur to the workers during the
construction project are given rare management instructions to handle. Although it is
discussed as a priority case during the meetings of the management bodies but often it is
found that during the project, the instructions from the higher authorities leave no time for or
the people associated with the construction to complete the projects having least amount of
time to provide to the consideration of well-being and safety of the workers.
2. Literature Review
According to Antwi-Afari et al. (2019), the coincidences in construction sites can be
considered as the work that occurs with lack in knowledge for the lack in proper training,
even the lack in proper supervision during a project. It can also be seen that the problems that
often occur in construction sites resulting into the well-being or safety issues of the workers
occur due to the error of judgement or proper means to carry out the task effectively. There
are also other factors added to the nonexistence of well-being and safety in construction sites
and they can be considered as the transistor denatured are the short term of the construction
industry.
According to Samuel and Munagala (2016), it is also been found that a working
environment in the construction industry is not controlled and this increases the diversity and
complexity of the construction firms and their size having a proper effect on the safety of the
construction projects. It is always been found that the unsafe behaviour of the construction
and building projects is one of the most significant factors that results to the accidents in the

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sites and provides the evidence of having a poor safety culture. This is the same reason why
the workers often face tremendous physical injuries or other well-being hazards.
The construction works include maintenance, renovation, and building, repairing,
demolishing and modifying construction sites under foot it is regarded as one of the most
perilous industries in the entire world (Choi, Hwang and Lee 2017). Again, construction
industry owns the gross proportion of all the domestic product values that industrialises a
particular country. Construction workers are often found to be either skilled or unskilled
based on the nature of the work. Therefore, it can be identified that it is not just the shortage
of time for the hurry of reaching the deadline but also the skills of a particular labour that
falls short of providing proper safety of well-being and security to the construction workers.
According to Chami et al. (2016), the huge amount of accidents occurring in the
construction site and the consequences leading to the organisations as a result has been
characterized by occupational safety and well-being for OSH the categorises the
responsibility of the hazards caused to the employees in the construction sites to find out the
actual reason behind the cause of the issue.
According to Moon, Becerik-Gerber and Soibelman (2019), there have been
development of virtual learning environment or VLE being created for the robots that are
being used in the construction sites for helping the construction workers with their works.
Mostly, these include the learnings of user interface, navigation methods, and procedures of
learning to understand the drawbacks of the system. Identifying the drawbacks was also
necessary to understand how it would be problematic or how it would be adding value to the
workers when it comes to the well-being and safety of the workers.
According to Ahmed et al. (2018), the countries that are most industrialized, unknown
to be utilising the significance of construction industry to enhance their gross domestic

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product or GDP. It socially enhances the country with the help of the construction industry
but the workers on employees within the construction industry also goes through a lot of
activities associated with several risks. the ways by which the skilled and unskilled labour as
work together to perform a single and unified goal for a project can be extremely harmful
since the amalgamation of skilled and unskilled labours may even lead to perilous situations
causing problems to one another.
According to Li (2018), the safety supervision of the people working in the
construction sites have always been one of the most important aspects of the construction
industry and this has been considered even with the implementation of the smart working
environments using the Internet of Things are thinking about new strategies to provide
various safety for worker well-being. These include the involvement of the robots and drones
to understand the effect of the smart technologies in ensuring the well-being and safety of the
people in the construction industry. Therefore, there are various ways by which the
construction industry has been trying to make sure that the well-being and safety of the
construction workers are ensures, including the involvement of the robots and drones.
According to Grant (2016), the construction industry and its occupational safety and
well-being is also dedicated to the promotion of maintenance, development of the workplace
environment along with the regulations developed to ensure that the physical and mental
balance of the employees within the workplace are kept at a balance state. This would ensure
that the relative potential of causing injuries to other employees, which physical or mental, is
kept into mind so that the number of internal injuries within the workplace for the
deterioration of the workplace environment can be eradicated from the industry.
The study of the safety in construction sites by the author Zhou, Goh and Li (2015),
states that amongst the projects going around in construction industry 44.65% are susceptible

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to the safety management procedures whereas 20.27% impact upon the people including
33.03% of recorded data about accidents. This has made the people in the construction sites
consider technologically advanced things like the Wearable Robotics and Industrial Robots to
consider the safety and security of the workers in the construction sites. Therefore, the
utilization of robotics is also subjected to the utility as wearable technology when it comes to
the elimination of well-being and safety issues of the workers in construction sites.
According to Seker and Zavadskas (2017), using of robots can also ensure proper
safety to the workplace in construction sites as per the researches. These are known as
Industrial Robots and their automated arms require the performing of heavy-duty tasks which
may prove to be excruciating and extremely problematic or sometimes fatal to the people
working at the construction site as well. Thus, Automated Construction Robots can help to
prevent the injuries or any kind of well-being adversities such as musculoskeletal disorders
and cuts.
According to Li and Ng (2017), the next generation robots have found to be already
being programmed to be performing these kinds of tasks, however, it has never occurred that
these need to be also interacting with the human counterparts to be performing as well. This
is one of the methods by which the automated robotic arms can be utilized to be interacting
with the workers of the construction sites so that the robotic arms are programmed as per the
instruction of the workers and at the same time it reduces the heavy duty works of the
construction sites.
3. Research Questions
Following would be the research questions developed for the research paper,
answering which would find out the solutions for the problems or the issues identified to be
solved:

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 What are the probable perils of the workers in the construction sites provided
their Occupational Well-being and Safety?
 How can the identification of the safety issues be done to make the employee
be aware of the situation?
 What are the measures that can be taken to make sure that the workplace
safety is ensured for the employees working in the construction sites during an
ongoing project?
4. Research Objective
 To find out the probability of the occurrences of well-being and safety issues in the
construction sites for the workers.
 To find out the probable safety measures that can be applied to the construction sites
to ensure maintenance of well-being and safety of the construction workers.
 To find out what are the gaps in the understanding of OHS in construction sites and
how to address them.
5. Research Methodology
The research that needs to be conducted for this particular project is to be done in two
separate ways. First there would be a secondary qualitative research method that would be
conducted to identify what are the researchers have already found out about the well-being
and safety issues that workers within the construction project of a face. This research and its
findings would be considered as the literature review. The findings taken from these research
papers of journals would be then prepared to have a qualitative research prepared to find out
information from primary sources, which would be the employees in the construction site.
The employees and their opinions on the presented questionnaire would be put forward to
find out what is the problem that workers in construction industry often face regarding the

12ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
well-being and safety concerns along with the heading up of construction work to meet the
deadline within the budget. All this would be taken into consideration for preparing the
project to minimise or completely eliminate the possibility of any well-being hazard of
physical accidents to the workers in the construction industry.
The methodology is defined to be utilizing the probable method to ensure workplace
safety in the Construction Site for the employees:
1. Utilization of Automated Robot Arms for heavy duty works: The
utilization of the robot arms help prevents any kind of adverse effect on the
well-being of the people working at the sites. These may include the
musculoskeletal disorders and even the physical cuts and injuries that might
occur to the human body. The people in the construction industry should also
take care of the safety and security concerns of the workers in the ongoing
project while they would be trying to implement the uses of the robots and the
automated armatures. The primary concerns that might arise would be about
the collaborative robotic systems and the workers would be the job safety of
the latter. However, it also needs to be kept in mind that the primary problems
with these robotic arms are the need to incorporate the human interventions.
This is why, it is required that the automated arms would not just perform
themselves in the construction sites but it would also need to collaboratively
work with the human workers as well for the handling of the different parts or
materials, for understanding the working orders of the machineries for
working through a desired motion and using the human intellect for making
the robots work. The next generation robots have found to be already being
programmed to be performing these kinds of tasks, however, it has never
occurred that these need to be also interacting with the human counterparts to

13ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
be performing as well. This is one of the methods by which the automated
robotic arms can be utilized to be interacting with the workers of the
construction sites to make sure that the robotic arms are programmed as per
the instruction of the workers and at the same time it reduces the heavy duty
works of the construction sites.
Clothing and accessories: There are various technical equipment in the construction
sites available for the people within the construction sites that ensure that the workers would
be protected during the ongoing projects. This would ensure the safety and security of the
people and at the same time the clothing of the workers would also do so. This may include
the hard hats, a protective suit, goggles, high-visibility clothing, gloves, steel-toed shoes and
others. For the summer seasons as well, the outdoor workers would require nape protectors,
hard hats with wide brims, and along with that, long sleeve-lightweight shirts for protection
against sunlight.
6. Timeline of the project
To establish this particular project the time required to make sure that all the well-
being and safety constraint within the project found out and the skill levels of the people
involved in the project are enhanced as well, it will require about 3 months’ time in an
ongoing project within the construction industry. With the identification of all the above
requirements for establishing the project, project initiation phase and the project completion
phase would be completed within a total of 104 days.
7. Milestones
 Identification of the project resources
 Employee training overview
 Training feedback overview

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8. Resources
The identified resources for the project are the budget that has been considered to
train the employees during the construction work about the awareness of safety and well-
being issues of the employees. This budget was estimated right at the beginning of the
planning behind the project plan.
9. Identification of uncertainties and risks with solutions
There are serious uncertainties that can arise to attain the solutions for all the mental
problems. It can always occur that the time provided for the completion of a particular
construction project is not appropriate right at the point of the initial project phase. At that
point of time separating a particular face for deciding the solution of the ongoing problems
including the probable well-being, be it physical or mental well-being of the workers in the
construction site is a big deal that needs to be enlisted. In addition, the nature of the job may
also contemplate the project owners to rapidly complete the work and ensure the involvement
of people without thinking about their skill levels. In addition to that, the construction
industry is extremely uncertain about the occurrence of any kind of physical injuries for
accidents right at the point of the construction site that may cause several fatal harms to the
workers in the construction site. Therefore, there are various uncertainties that occur in case
of the finding of a solution during the involvement of a solution to fight the Occupational
Well-being and Safety or OHS hazards in a construction site to aid the entire construction
industry.
10. Scope of the Project
Considering the scope of the project, there are various scopes that this project can add
to excel the current situation that workers in construction sites all over the industry faces.
Although, there are several ways by which an organisation can provide a complete project

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through the construction industry to the customers, the time constraints and the approaching
deadlines of a create problems when it comes to the provision of a proper project to be
provided within the deadline and the timeline. There becomes a rush to complete the project
within the deadline and within the given budget and for that there are various wrong
decisions taken against the situation. It is also found that the people involved within the
construction industry higher labours without considering their skill levels just to complete the
project within the provided timeline. Thus, the project management plan needs to be initiated
to find out what are the occupational well-being and safety problems that construction
industry often ignore due to the approaching deadline, budget and project completion so that
this can be eradicated along with the enhancement of the skill levels of the workers within the
construction industry for an ongoing project.
11. Project Uncertainties
The uncertainties in the project can be declared to be the urgency of the work which
can occur at any point of time and the unknown or uncertain occurrence of accidents at any
point of time in the construction site. Both these cases can cause problems in the
establishment of the project in the best way possible. These uncertainties need to be kept in
mind to allow the proper establishment of the idea behind ensuring the workplace safety of
the construction workers.
12. Project Communication Plan
A project Communication Plan is extremely necessary to set up the initial
requirements about the project and its certain information sharing features to the project team.
Following would be the communication plan for the project to ensure that the sharing of
information between the people associated with the project are conducted in the most feasible
manner and none of the people associated with the project may face any problem regarding
the establishment of the project in reaching the unified goal. The following communication

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plan would establish that the people working for the establishment of a safe and secure
construction site maintaining the well-being and safety of the workers in the site:
Communicat
ion Activity
Purpose of
the
Communicat
ion
Medium of
Communicat
ion
Frequenc
y
Communicat
ion Audience
Communicat
ion Owner
Project Kick-
off Meeting
Introduction
of the entire
project and
its purpose to
the project
team,
reviewing the
objectives of
the project
and
identifying
the unified
goal.
Individual or
group
meeting over
face to face
followed by a
detailed
“minutes of
meeting”
being both
emailed and
sent to the
project team
as a hard
copy.
Once The entire
Project
Team, the
sponsors and
the internal
stakeholders
of the project
The Project
Director, the
Project
Manager and
the Project
Owner
Team
Meetings
For the
review of the
project status
every passing
week
Through face
to face
meeting or
even through
conducted
calls via
conferences
Every
week
Project Team Project
Manager and
Project
Director
Technical
Meetings
Discussion
and review of
all the
technicalities
of the
construction
including the
problems
occurred and
finding their
solutions
Individual or
group
meeting via
face to face
communicati
on
As per the
requireme
nts
The technical
and
construction
planning and
design team
for the
project
Project
Manager and
Project
Director
Project Status
Meeting
For updating
the leadership
as per the
developments
made on the
project at
every phase
of the project.
Individual or
group
meeting via
face to face
communicati
on or even
through
conference
calls
Every
Month
Project
Manager and
the Project
Stakeholders
Project
Manager and
Project
Director

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Status reports
for the
project
For having
the detailed
report in the
status of the
project at
every level of
the project
including all
the
progressions
made in the
project
regarding the
costs incurred
so far, the
issues and the
mitigation
procedure
taken to
mitigate them
and the ways
by which the
severity has
affected the
project.
Regular
emails at the
interval
Every
Month
Project
Manager and
the Project
Stakeholders
Project
Manager and
Project
Director
Table 2: Project Communication Plan
(Source: Created by the Author)
13. Research Proposal
13.1 Synthesis of Problem Analysis
The construction industry is regarded an extremely economically successful but it is
also one of the most perilous industries of all. The systematic review of the safety studies
regarding to the perilous situations in construction industry has seen that the construction
industry has faced a lot of problems when it comes to safety and security of the employees
working. All the remarks that have been stated previously in the above paper claims to review
the safety and security measures of the construction sites to analyse the problems that need to
be addressed in classifying all the gathered information. Therefore, the above-mentioned
project plan that is about the enabling of an analysing and training system that would make

18ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
sure that the construction sites are less perilous is to be addressed in this report. The research
is to analyse the construction sites to find out to what levels of hazard does the construction
site has the potential of causing the employees. This is why, the problem analysis and its
synthesis in this portion of the paper would focus on the methods to research and device a
plan to find out the perilous situations in a construction sites, the level of severity in which
they have the potential of causing physical and mental hazards to the employees and how the
identification of the skill levels of employees can be identified. This is to be done to find out
a proper project plan that would ensure that all the people involved within construction site,
including the project owners and the workers, would be skilled enough to not cause any
problem to the fellow workers or would not manoeuvre any machinery without prior acquired
skill to avoid causing for the physical problems to the people working in the construction
project.
13.2 Problem definition
The well-being and security problems regarding the physical and mental well-being of
the workers working in a construction site would be identified to find out the solution to this
problem and eradicate them completely from the construction system. This is to be done to
find out what the expected solutions are so that during the construction work of an ongoing
project, a complete assurance can be achieved about the skill levels of the workers causing
zero damage to mental or physical well-being of the other workers in the same site and in the
same project.
14. Implementation and Results
The research was to be conducted with the methodologies adopted to understand what was
the gap between the executive of the construction based organisation and what would cause
the ceasing to the understanding of the primary difference between the instigation in in health

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and safety hazards of the workers. The standardized ways where implemented during the
project progression in every face except for taking care of the health and safety hazards. This
is why the research was conducted to understand what has been the primary gap such that the
people in the construction field are using the methodologies applicable to the standardized
handling of a project in construction field but not thinking about the consideration for
eliminating the possibility of having a physical accident or a mental imbalance for the
workers in the construction field. This is why the data was collected in in two ways through
extensive research from primary and secondary sources (Reese 2015). The primary sources of
research was based on asking few people from the construction field, both the executive and
the workers in the construction field about how the proper arrangement of health and safety
issues can be taken care of in case of any occurrences of physical or mental health hazards.
The secondary sources were taken from the occurrences of these incidents and the researchers
that followed and research about by other authors. The findings formed the base of the
research questionnaire that were me too to find out the further gap in the research and the
objectives of conducting the survey about the research topic (Lingard 2013). The research
was deemed to be done with the help of several people in the construction field and their
experiences throughout with the consideration of health and safety hazards on the
construction site. From the people who appeared to provide answers to the questionnaire, it
was evident that the people in the construction field where extremely concerned about having
the project completed right on time so that there might not be occurrences of any issues
related to delay in activities for the project. The ignorance in the people in the construction
site in having a proper establishment of the construction safety was falling behind due to the
issues of a secured environment and the fast approaches of the construction works in in
providing the customers with the finished product.

20ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
The results clearly depicted that there was indeed a requirement for having a plan
during the construction project work for both the employees and the organisation so that there
would not be any accidents related to the occurrence of physical or mental health and safety
hazards in the people working at construction sites. The understanding of this was extremely
required. the research is thus going to establish how the awareness between the people in the
construction field can be implemented in such a way that during the planning phase of the
project, the execution of the management of the activities would also be taken into
consideration to enable the organisation with a proper plan that considers the occupational
health and safety hazards of the people in the construction industry as well.
15. Research summary, findings and future work
15.1 Research Summary
Therefore, according to the entire proposed structure of the research, it can be
summarized in this particular form about finding the suitable form for the ensuring of the
workplace safety in the construction field. The first and foremost idea behind finding the
ways by which the health and safety of the workers in a construction field is ensured has been
found with the step by step procedures. This ensures how the safety of the workers within the
workplace can be easier to establish within any construction site or how the analysis of the
level of awareness in the workers in a construction site is attained. In a construction industry,
from the people who are directly involved in the construction project as skilled labours to the
people who are detected as the unskilled labours, all are considered as employees within the
organizations.
The industry has been specifically focusing on the health and safety hazards, but they
have also identified that the safety and health hazards does not only entail the physical safety
but also includes the safety and security of the mental health of the employees in the

21ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
construction site. The entire discussion report as above is thus based on the information
gathering with the data collected from different sources. These sources can either be primary
or secondary sources of data collection. As per the sources describe, the primary sources of
the data has been identified as the data that has been collected from the people associated
with the construction industry and the secondary sources of the information has been
collected from the researches that were already performed by the other authors related to this
topic. This section formed the associated literature review for the worker safety in the
construction sites and how other authors have represented their findings through the research
papers that they have presented. The findings have figured out how the health and safety
hazard can impact the generic construction industry and how the physical and mental health
of the workers also take into account for the total effect on the organization related to the
construction industry.
The literature review for the research topic was also conducted with the help of the
research papers that has been collected. The collected data formed the base of finding out the
objectives behind the research that would be conducted and the ways by which they would be
done to facilitate the step by step and feasible procedure for this particular research. The
literature review was followed by the research methodology procedure that would ensure the
approaches and the theories that have been considered to be included in the research plan.
The further research procedure included the likes of the timeline required for the plan
that would be spanning from the initial project planning phase to the completion phase of the
project (Jeelani, Albert and Gambatese 2016). The other requirements for the planning for the
research also includes the milestones in the research, the resources required for the research,
the impending risks and the possible solutions, the uncertainties regarding the project, the
scope of the project, the project communication plan and the problem analysis and the
problem definition required to conduct the research feasibly.

22ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
15.2 Findings
The findings have deciphered many shortcomings of the organization that causes the
problems in analysing the health and safety hazard for the organizations in construction
industry. The key findings that the secondary and primary sources have gathered are the
reasons why the construction organizations fail to acknowledge the required health and safety
considerations that the organization and the employees within the organizations need to
identify about. It has been found that the primary reason that there lie no such considerations
in several organizations is because the lack in awareness about the health and safety
considerations in the organizations and the impact of the health hazards in the organization as
a whole.
There have been the findings about the construction company that focuses on why
there have been such discrepancies in understanding the impact and the effect of the physical
and mental health and safety. Again, it needs to be mentioned that the amount of pressure that
the people or the employees in the construction industry works in happens to have instigated
the people to finish the work in a hurried way forgetting about the importance of the health
and safety hazards that are intertwined along. In most cases it is found that the people are
trying to finish the construction work as fast as possible and this has what become a barrier in
understanding the importance of the physical and mental health and safety hazards for the
workers in a construction site.
15.3 Future Work
This particular research is practically important for understanding the health and
safety issues for people who are working on the construction sites as workers and the
employees, both of who are considered as the employees in the construction field. Having
this research done, there would be an instigated thought of thinking about health and safety
hazards of the people who are working on the construction sites and the safety against any

23ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
kinds of issue that might arise threatening there mental and physical health. The construction
sites and the executives of the organisation serving the construction works would understand
the importance of physical and mental health and safety of the workers and how the
organisation can be affected if any of the incidents on a construction site leads to the affected
health of the workers in the construction field (Cheng et al. 2015). The awareness that is
instigated through these programs in all these research is done vote for the help in identifying
the reasons for which there remains a gap for the people to understand the importance of
physical and mental health in safety and also helps in having an understanding about how can
the awareness between the people working construction site and the executives of the
construction organisations can be made to be aware of the situations that makes it difficult for
a construction organisation to look out for the physical and mental health and safety hazards
of the workers (Hughes and Ferrett 2015). It would also help them finding out how can these
issues be addressed and mitigated with implementing strategic plans to have a safe
construction site for the employees and the construction workers.
16. Conclusion
Therefore, in conclusion, it can be said that the project management plan would make
sure that all the people working in the project would be aware of the fact about the well-being
and safety threats in the construction site and how to avoid them having proper skills in
addressing all the work they have been assigned to. This would help the entire team to reach a
proper goal within the given time and budget. It is an extremely common fact that any kind of
accidents occurring within the project causing physical harm to the employees or workers
may delay the task and further increase the project timeline and budget. this is why it is
required that the proper synthesis of the project management plan is done to ensure the
timeline of the project and the proper sharing of knowledge throughout the entire project to
ensure that every person within the project in the construction site is aware of the well-being

24ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
and security concerns about the other employees, has a potential of increasing the skill levels
to avoid all kinds of well-being hazards and complete the work within the provided deadline
and budget.

25ENGINEERING RESEARCH PREPARATION
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Appendix
1. Gantt chart
ID Task
Mode
Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names
1 1st Phase 5 days Mon 01-07-19Fri 05-07-19
2 Needs Assessment 2 days Mon 01-07-19Tue 02-07-19
3 Alternative Review2 days Wed 03-07-19Thu 04-07-192
4 Implementation
Test Phase
1 day Fri 05-07-19 Fri 05-07-19 3
5 2nd Phase 6 days Mon 08-07-19Mon 15-07-193
6 Assessment of
Employees
2 days Mon
08-07-19
Tue
09-07-19
4
7 Initial Feedback 2 days Wed 10-07-19Thu 11-07-196
8 Knowledge Sharing2 days Fri 12-07-19 Mon 15-07-197
9 Timeline
Distribution
0 days Mon
15-07-19
Mon
15-07-19
8
10 Final Phase 10 days Tue 16-07-19Mon 29-07-199
11 Training Phase 8 days Tue
16-07-19
Thu
25-07-19
9
12 Employee Testing 1 day Fri 26-07-19 Fri 26-07-19 11
13 Feedback after
Training
1 day Mon
29-07-19
Mon
29-07-19
12
15-07
02 05 08 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 01 04 07 10
July 2019 August 2019
Table 1: Gantt chart
(Source: Created by the Author)
2. Work Breakdown Structure
Figure 1: Work Breakdown Structure
(Source: Created by the Author)
1st Phase
Needs Assessment Alternative Review Implementation Test
Phase
2nd Phase
Assessment of
Employees
Initial Feedback Knowledge Sharing Timeline Distribution
Final Phase
Training Phase Employee Testing Feedback after Training