Analysis of Working and Leading People: HRM, Leadership Report

This comprehensive report delves into the core aspects of human resource management, focusing on recruitment, leadership, and team dynamics. The report begins by outlining the documentation required for staff selection and recruitment, including internal and external methods, job analysis, job descriptions, and job specifications. It then assesses the legal, regulatory, and ethical considerations impacting the recruitment and selection process, emphasizing the importance of compliance with laws like the Equality Act 2010. The report also provides insights into the selection process, detailing the roles and responsibilities of the HR department. Furthermore, it explores the skills and attributes essential for effective leadership, differentiating between leadership and management and comparing various leadership styles. The report also discusses strategies for motivating staff and assesses the benefits of team working, including practical demonstrations and evaluations of team effectiveness, and finally planning and delivering the assessment of the development needs of individuals.

1
WORKING WITH AND LEADING PEOPLE

2
Table of Contents
Introduction:................................................................................................................................................2
Task 1:.........................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Prepare documentation to select and recruit a new member of staff..................................................3
1.2 Assess the impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations that are needed for the recruitment
and selection process...............................................................................................................................4
1.3 Take part in the selection process......................................................................................................5
1.4 Evaluate own contribution to the selection process...........................................................................6
Task 2:.........................................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Explain the skills and attributes needed for leadership......................................................................7
2.2 Explain the difference between leadership and management.............................................................8
2.3 Compare leadership styles for different situations.............................................................................9
2.4 Explain ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives.......................................................................10
Task 3:.......................................................................................................................................................12
3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for an organisation.................................................................12
3.2 Demonstrate working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals, dealing with any
conflict or difficult situations.................................................................................................................12
3.3 Review the effectiveness of the team in achieving the goals...........................................................13
Task 4:.......................................................................................................................................................15
4.1 Explain the factors involved in planning the monitoring and assessment of work performance......15
4.2 Plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of individuals.......................................16
4.3 Evaluate the success of the assessment process...............................................................................17
Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................................19
References:................................................................................................................................................20

3
Introduction:
The unit discusses about the recruitment and leadership process of human resource management.
The unit initiates with the discussion of the documents that needs to be recorded to recruit a new
member of the staff. Impact of legal regulation of UK has also been discussed that have their
great impact on the recruitment and selection process of the organizations. Different theories of
leadership and the leadership styles have been argued upon in the report. The report also throe
some light on the adoption of the different leadership styles by the leaders according to the
situation. The later part of the unit argues about the teamwork and the assessment of the work
performance of the individual in the organisation.

4
Task 1:
1.1 Prepare documentation to select and recruit a new member of staff.
Recruitment is the process of attracting the candidates for a vacancy available in the
organisation. There are many methods that can be used to recruit the candidates. It is the positive
process as it involves engagement of more and more number of people in the process. The
methods that can be used in an Airline industry for recruitment of a Cabin crew member are:
 Internal methods:
Transfer
 External methods:
Recruitment firms
Advertising
Job centers
Selection is the negative process after recruitment. It is negative in nature because it deals with
rejecting the irrelevant candidates and selecting the appropriate one. Following methods have
been used by British Airlines to select the employees. (Dale, 2003)
 Interviews: face to face interviews involves a panel that ask questions to the candidates
who have been shortlisted by their applications
 Application short listing: short listing of the CV’s according to the relevancy of the job
requirement is done by this method.
 Psychometric and aptitude tests: these tests are conducted to check the technical
knowledge of the candidates.
 Background verification: this method is used to verify the documents given by the
candidates. (Serge De Bock, 2016)
Job analysis: Job analysis is a way to generate information about the specific job. In this term
candidate or management properly analyse the respected job in their organisation and select
candidates according to that analysis. Before any confirmation job analysis is a essential part of
any organisation or recruits,where they gather proper information about the job related tasks.
Job analysis is divided into two part one is job specification or other one is job description. There
is a job analysis of cabin crew member where management set some responsibilities concerning
job and candidates requirements which are for the specific job.

5
Job description of the cabin crew member:
Job description is the description of the roles and responsibilities associated with the job.
Designation: cabin crew assistant
Reporting to: cabin crew head
Roles:
 Greeting passengers and making them comfortable during the journey.
 Serving meals to the passengers.
 Demonstrating the safety procedures.
 Informing the passengers about the emergency.
 Producing written reports after the journey.
Characteristics required:
 Communication skills
 Excellent conversation skills
 Hospitality and greeting skills
 Should have the skill to deal with emergency situations
 Tactful, diplomatic and soft spoken
 Proper knowledge of the field
 Flexibility of working in unusual shifts
 Pleasant appearance with standard height (varies with airline to airline)
Job specification: It involves the qualification required for the job
Qualification:
 Graduate in hospitality management/tours and travel management
 Graduate with any subject having diploma degree of hospitality/travel and tourism/airline
courses etc
 Minimum experience in the same industry: 0-6 months
 60% and above in English in all grades of classes
(Dessler & Teicher., Dessler and Teicher, 2004)

6
1.2 Assess the impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations that are needed for the
recruitment and selection process
Legal and regulatory framework of UK affects the functioning of each and every industry. The
Acts formulated by the UK government has its impact mainly on the HRM practices of the
organisation because the practices are directly to the employees of the organisation. The main
aim formulating the laws is tie safeguarding the rights of the employees and employers.
(Edenborough, 2005) Laws have been made for every process of HR department that needs to be
followed. Any illegal practice in recruitment and selection processes by the organisation would
be subjected to legal punishment. Therefore, it is necessary for the organizations to consider the
Acts framed by government before making the HR polices of the organisation. The Equality Act
2010 is the one which needs to be considered majorly for all the process along with recruitment
and selection. There are many other Acts like Racial Discrimination Act 1970, Sex
Discrimination Act 1975, the Employment Equality Regulation 20013, Race Relations Act 1976
etc that also needs to be considered. These Acts are formed to avoid the discrimination in terms
of caste, race, religion, colour etc among the employees at the time of selection and recruitment.
Impact of legal Acts on recruitment:
Job postings: According to the equality Act 2010, any airline industry of UK is not allowed to
post advertisement about the vacancy that give preference to any particular caste, colour, sex,
origin, religion, marital status, etc. (Www2.cipd.co.uk, 2016)
Impact of legal Acts on selection:
Interviews: It is illegal to ask the irrelevant questions to the candidates by the panel. It is
ethically and legally wrong to put questions that are directly or indirectly related to the caste and
colour of the candidates. Biasness should be avoided between the candidates. Any such practices
by the panel are legally not correct and candidate may file a case against the employer or the
panel to ask such questions. If the panel found guilty than they may be subjected to punishment
for breaching the law.
The Civil Aviation Regulatory Authority would be responsible for the maintaining the legislation
among the aviation industry in UK. (Gregory, 2013)

7
1.3 Take part in the selection process.
As I am the part of the Human resource department, I am responsible for almost all the activities
under the process of recruitment and selection. This is because recruitment and selection is the
hard core function of the HR department. Selection is the very important and critical step as this
is the final step of staffing a new member in the organisation. The judgment should be
appropriate and free from bias. Responsibilities of Human resource department in selection
process:
1. Selection of recruitment and selection panel: It is the duty of the Hr department to
selection the judgment panel for the interview process. In British airways, this panel
includes the head of Cabin Crew department, Hr manager and sometime other member of
cabin crew. The panel may change according to the job profile.
2. Recruitment and selection methods: It is also the duty of the Hr team to select the
appropriate recruitment and selection method that needs to be conducted to recruit the
new staff. The method should be cost effective and efficient in performance.
3. Time and venue: Time and venue of the interview or the test conducted should be
decided by the Hr team considering the views of the department head.
4. Communication: the selection and rejection information should be communicated to the
candidate on time. This communication is the responsibility of the Hr team.
5. Short-listing: It is the most important task to be done by the HR department. The Hr
department needs to short list the CV’s of the candidates according to the requirement of
the job. There is need to match the job and the person specifications so that resources
would not be wasted on the wrong candidates. (Grint, 2005)
Selection process is based on specific steps where management select candidate effectively. In
this process firstly management generate online forms which helps to attract large number of
candidates and then they select from application forms received. Management shortlist well
qualified applicants which are suitable for the jobs. They will selects all CV and check all of the
references . After this procedure company provide job acceptance letter where they take
interviews and test for checking job eligibility. Company undertake simulation process for
selected people to check their practical knowledge. After all these process firm comes to final
step where they select candidate for the specific job.

8
1.4 Evaluate own contribution to the selection process.
As an employee of the HR department, I was the one who was looking after all the activities one
by one. We work as a team in the department and I contributed in almost all the processes. My
contribution in before the recruitment and the selection process was to evaluate the need of the
staff in the Cabin Crew. The need has been realized by matching the objectives of the
organisation with the present working conditions of the cabin crew. At the time recruitment, I
was the one who was involved in the team to generate the advertisement. My main contribution
in the process of recruitment was to act as the mediator between the recruitment firm employee
and the HR manager. I was also involved in short listing of the CV’s by matching the person
specification with the job requirements. I was responsible for some of the activities of selection
process like deciding the judging panel of the interview and also to arrange the interviews on
time. Communication is the most important task at the time of recruitment and selection. Proper
information flow provides effective results of the processes. I was responsible for
communicating the results to the candidates as well as to maintain the records of the new
member were also my duty. (Kelman, 2006)
Task 2:
Slide 1: This slide provides the topic of the presentation.
Slide 2: Contents
Slide 3: Introduction- Managers of the organizations need to be a leader as well. They have to
manage the employees and their work at the workplace. This can only be possible if they have
that leadership quality in them. There are many theories about leadership that argues different
things regarding the topic.
2.1 Explain the skills and attributes needed for leadership.
Slide 4: Leadership is ability of an individual to lead others. It is the quality or the skill posses by
the individual to act as the guide. There are many theories that argues about different leadership
styles according to the personality of the individuals.
Slide 5: The great man theory suggests that leaders are born and the leadership qualities cannot
be acquired after birth while trait theory suggests that people can acquire the qualities of
leadership after birth with the experiences. Some more theories have also been introduced for
better understanding of the topic. The theories were transactional and transformational theory,

9
behavioral and contingency theory. Behavioral theory divides the leaders in two categories. One
is task oriented and other is employee oriented leader. Contingency theory is about using
different styles of leadership according to the situation. Transactional theory focuses on the
transaction between the leaders and the followers by which both can be benefitted and
transformational theory is about building a sense of trust and relationship between the leaders
and the followers. These theories give different approach to leadership. (Osborne, 2008)
Slide 6: Leaders need to have some qualities and skills in them that make them a good leader.
For the company with decreasing sales, it is very important to guide and lead the staff properly.
Following characteristics must be there in the leaders to lead the sales staff:
1. Communication skills: It is very important for the leaders to communicate properly and
freely. Leaders need to lead many people at a time and that is the reason communication
skills are very essential for them.
2. Knowledge: Leaders must have the full knowledge of the field they are working in. It is
their duty to guide the employees or the followers. They can guide them only when they
have proper knowledge of the work.
3. Relevant experience: It is very important for the leaders to have the experience of the
relevant field. Leadership quality develops in a person with the experience of the field.
They can lead the followers by sharing their experiences.
4. Overall knowledge of company and the industry: overall knowledge of the company and
the industry is also very important for the leaders. They should have the knowledge of all
the functions of the company as well as of the industry.
5. Problem solving skills: This is one of the most important skills that should be there in the
leader. Leaders have to coordinate many followers so they should have the skills to solve
the problems instantly. (Sparrow, 2006)
2.2 Explain the difference between leadership and management.
Slide 7: In today’s era, employees need to be very versatile in nature because they have to
perform nay functions simultaneously. Managers are the one who needs to manage the
employees as well as guide them. As per the scenario, the organisation with declining sales needs
to manage its sales staff so that they can cover up the sales target early. Managing is not the only
solution in the situation; manager has to play the role of leader also to guide the sales staff.
Slide 8: There are many differences in the functions of the leaders and managers that have been

10
discussed below:
1. Management is about managing the staff at the workplace while leadership is about
guiding the staff for their functions. (Tracy, 2014)
2. Management deals with getting work done from the employees while leadership deals
with developing the interpersonal skills of the employees or the followers.
3. Employees under management works according to the direction of the manager while
followers follow the practice of the leaders.
4. Manager’s work is restricted to the completion of the project while leaders have to deal
with the followers for long term.
5. Managers always keep their focus on completion of the task by the employees on time
while the leaders focus on teaching the way a task has to be done.
6. The main aim of manager is to achieve the organisational target with the help of
employees while the main aim of leaders is to develop the individual skills in the
followers. (Frazer and Oswald, 2009)
2.3 Compare leadership styles for different situations.
Slide 9: There are many leadership theories proposed by the theorists to provide the idea of
different leadership styles. Leadership styles can be defined as the way to lead others. The choice
of leadership styles depends on the situation as well as the personality of the leader and the
culture and structure of the organisation.
Slide 10: Following are some of the leadership styles that have been used in different situations:
1. Commanding: Commanding is the style that is used by the leaders who commands the
follows to perform a particular task according to the leader’s will.
2. Visionary: This style is very effective as it focuses on including the visions of the
followers as well.
3. Associative: the leaders with this style keep their leaders in priority.
4. Democratic: Democratic leadership deals with involving the opinions of the followers at
the time of decision making but power remains in the hand of the leaders.
5. Pacesetting: These leaders set the standard for their followers that can be followed by
them. (Dale, 2003)
6. Coaching: The leaders with this style are the one who lead the employees or the followers

11
throughout their working duration in order to develop their skills.
Slide 11-12:
Leadership style Situation How it works?
Commanding Crisis Commanding style is used at
the time of crisis. This is
because crisis is the situation
where decisions have to be
taken urgently. The leaders at
this time need to command the
followers accordingly.
Democratic Change Democratic leadership style is
very appropriate at the time of
implementing change in the
organisation. Implementation
of the change is only possible
with the involvement of the
employees and followers.
Coaching New strategy Coaching is the appropriate
style for implementation of
new strategy as employees
requires the assistance of the
leaders to at the time of
implementing new strategy.
2.4 Explain ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives.
Slide 13: Motivation is the driving force that influences employees to work efficiently. It is very
essential for the organisation with declining sales to motivate the sales staff for increasing the
sales. Some of the motivational theories have been proposed that forms the framework for the
motivational factors to be used:
Slide 14:
1. Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory: This theory focuses on fulfilling the needs of the

12
employees at different levels. The level of the needs initiates with physiological needs
that are the most basic needs of the employees. Next is the safety need that includes the
safe work environment, love needs include the needs related to the nature of the
employees working together. Further it focuses on the self esteem and self actualization
needs that cover the self realization needs of the employees. (Noone and Hultberg, 2011).
2. Herzberg two factor theories: This theory argues about the things whose presence creates
a sense of dissatisfaction in the minds of the people. It suggests that management should
consider the factors that satisfy the customers as well as the factors whose absence may
dissatisfy the employees.
Slide 15: Following are some of the factors that can motivate the sales staff:
 Rewards: Rewards are the monetary or non monetary benefits that can motivate the sales
staff to work efficiently.
 Involvement in decisions: Considering the opinions and the view of the employees at the
time of decision making creates a sense of belongingness among the employees and this
motivates them to work.
 Equality: Management should treat every employee equally so that there is no
discrimination in the organisation. This somehow motivates the employees to perform
towards the completion of the goals of organisation. (Rudolph, 2016).
Slide 16: Conclusion- It has been concluded that leadership is very necessary to deal with
different situations. Various styles need to be used at different times accordingly.
Slide 17: References