Analyzing Modern Workplace Dynamics: A Marks & Spencer Case Study

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the modern workplace, using Marks & Spencer as a case study. It explores the interrelationship between organizational structure, company culture, its people, and overall performance. The report examines the crucial roles of leadership and management in achieving organizational objectives, including the application of theories like situational leadership and system management. It evaluates various behavioral approaches to management, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and identifies factors that significantly influence individual employee behavior, such as motivation, safety, and self-actualization. The analysis underscores the importance of aligning these elements to enhance productivity, create a positive work environment, and achieve competitive advantages in the market.

Introducing the Modern Workplace

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Relationship between Structure, people culture and organizational performance.....................3
Role of leadership and management of the company in workplace ..........................................4
Evaluate behavioural approaches to management and factors affecting individual behaviour
.....................................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERNECSS.................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
The Modern workplace is a focus on how company have deigned their structure at
their workplace and how they are maintaining culture at their workplace to get better outcomes
from their employees (Correll., 2017). The modern workplace is a focus on how users can work
from anywhere, on any device with both the consumer and the corporate body being ensured that
productivity, security and capability is not degraded.
This report will cover case study of Marks & Spencer company which is one of the top
retailer company in whole UK. They are dealing with the products such Clothing, food products
and Kitchen appliances. This report will analyze the relationship between the structure culture,
people and organizational performance. It will also briefly explaining the essential role of
leadership and management in a organization. In the end of this report will evaluate the
behavioral approaches to the management and factors which affect the behavior of individual
employees.
MAIN BODY
Relationship between Structure, people culture and organizational performance.
Structure, Culture, people and organizational performance are the part of the company
which helps to run their day to day business activities. This all factors allow organizational to
take competitive advantages in a market where they are operating their business. Marks &
Spencer company who have properly maintained their company structure, their people and
culture and their companies perform which is affecting the productivity, this all factors
interlinked with each other and focus to increase the productivity and create good environment
at the workplace of the Marks & Spencer company (Katz., 2017).
Structure - Marks & Spencer company has maintained their structure by simplifying
their structure. Their company structure is very simple which allow employees and top
management to communicate with each other, and they can send useful information to each
other without having any barrier. Flow of communication at the workplace increase the
efficiency of the employees. Structure of the company also affect on the Culture, people and
organizational performance so this is important for the organization to make their structure
simple to make their working environment better fort the employees.
People- employees are the most important part of the company because they help
Marks & Spencer company to achieve their objectives and their set goals so company can

increase profitability of their business. It is necessary for the company to keep their employees
motivated to get better results from them to management of the Marks & Spencer provide
their employees reward for their motivation, and they get better results. Reward management
also affect the performance, create good culture (Khan Farooqi and Ali., 2019). Marks &
Spencer company also provide training to their employees s o they can increase their skills
which directly affect on the companies performance and help them to take competitive
advantages, and they can show their presence in the market effectively. Performance of the
company can be increase if they their workforce is skillful and company look for their training
and their motivation.
Culture- Marks & Spencer is operating their business at the international level and
employees at their workplace come from the different different culture and places. Different
culture at the workplace create conflicts situation at the workplace because most of the worker
does not want to accent their culture so leaders and management of the M&S company run
group activities at their workplace to maintain culture at their workplace. This also create good
relationship between the employees, and they can work in a team. Employees can also
understating each other's culture which decrease the conflict situation at their workplace.
Organizational performance- Organizational performance is interlinked with all the
factors - structure, people, culture. Leaders and managers of their Marks & Spencer company
are responsible to maintain the workplace culture, people and make polices about the structure
of the company to enhance performance of the company which help them to take competitive
advantages, and they can show their presence at the top emerging brand at the global level.
Without maintain workplace of the company , they cannot maintain the performance of the
organization and which can lead the to the failure in their business and other companies who are
their competitors can overtake them in the business and take their place (Koehler, and Sturm.,
2018). It is important for the Marks & Spencer companies to maintain their employees,
implement simple structure and run management activities to maintain performance of the
employees which will help this company to increase their profitability.
Role of leadership and management of the company in workplace
Leadership and management of the company play necessary role to achieve companies
objectives of the Marks & Spencer company. Management of the company manage the
employees performance and maintain the organizational activities while leadership is the skill

of the leaders to lead their team effectively to achieve set goals and their objectives to make
company successful. Management is the process of guiding the development, maintenance, and
allocation of resources to attain organizational goals. Managers are the people in the organization
responsible for developing and carrying out this management process. Management is dynamic
by nature and evolves to meet needs and constraints in the organization’s internal and external
environments. In a global marketplace where the rate of change is rapidly increasing, flexibility
and adaptability are crucial to the managerial process (Malin and Ginsberg ., 2017). This process
is based in four key functional areas of the organization: planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling. Although these activities are discussed separately in the chapter, they actually form a
tightly integrated cycle of thoughts and actions. Managers of the M&S can use some theories
which can help them to manage, plan, organize the activates and take competitive advantages.
System management theory- System management is one best approach which is
alternative to the management and planning of the company. The system theory proposes that
the business , like the human body , consist of the many components of the business that work
harmoniously is that the function of the M&S run optimally. Workers of the company are
most necessary component and some of the other components crucial to provide success to
the company are business units, departments, work group etc. In a practice, managers of the
Marks & Spencer company need to evaluate the communication and group practices at the
workplace to determine the best management practices or approaches, This way, they are able
to collaborate on different programs so that they can work as a collective whole rather than as
isolated units.
Leadership – Leaders play major role at the workplace because they are responsible to
maintain the group, and they lead their employees to achieve companies mission and
objectives. For and effective leadership leaders need to implement some leadership theories
which can help them to manage their group, and they can motivate their group members and
become transpiration (McCone, Cordonnier and Moore., 2017). On of the best leadership theory
which can be applied by the Marks & Spencer company is situational leadership style.
Situational lectureship Style- In this leadership Style leaders of the company change
their style according to the situation at the workplace or their company. Leaders need to have
knowledge about all the leadership theory, so they can use situational leadership theory. They
have t take knowledge, and they can use this effective theory. It will increase their power of

decision-making and they can help company to overcome from the different different situation.
Situational leadership is a leadership style that has been developed and studied by Kenneth
Blanchard and Paul Hersey. Situational leadership refers to when the leader or manager of an
organization must adjust his style to fit the development level of the followers he is trying to
influence. With the help of this theory of leadership leaders can change their style , not
followers to adapt to the leadership , In this style , style may change continually so company
can meet their organization needs and their demand which can be based on the situation of the
company (Namiq., 2018). For example- situations like conflicts at the workplace is big
problems and democratic leadership can be best at that time to handle the situation at that
time. Leaders of the M&S company can use it during the conflict situations at their workplace.
Evaluate behavioural approaches to management and factors affecting individual behaviour
Behavioral management has their focus on the behavior if their employees and provide
motivation to the employees. This theory is totally concerned with how to manage
pro0diuictivituy by understating the behavior of the employees. Which can include
motivation, interest, group practices etc. this theory sometimes refers to the human relations
moment due to their total focus on the human dimension of work (Sakellaris, And et.al.,
2016). One of the famous theory is Maslow's theory which ca help M&S company to understand
their employees behavior and provide them motivation by understanding their needs and
demand.
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs - This Anther has classified the bottom four levels of the the
Pyramid as a Deficiency needs of the employee's nothing that the person does not feel anything
if they are met, But anxious if they are not.” He classified the fifth level “a ‘growth need’
because it enables a person to ‘self-actualize’ or reach his fullest potential as a human being.
Physiological Needs - tehi8r are some requirement of the employees who are working in a
M&S company and their basis needs are food, shelter, sleep and clothing. It is important or the
managers and leaders of the M&S company should provide the comfortable working
environment to the employees , reasonable working hours and necessary breaks between their
work, so they can take their food, water and other things such as bathroom etc.
Shifty needs- shifty is also a important need of the employees (Sawyer and Thoroughgood.,
2017). Without having shifty at the workplace of M&S company create fear in their employees

mind during the work. Leaders and mangers of the company should provide them shifty so
employees ca work freely and effectively. This will increase the efficiency of their employees.
Social needs - employees are also human, and they also feel something alone, and they want to
meet their friends and family so management of the Marks & Spencer should provide them
some occasionally leave to employee, so they can spend some time with their friends and their
family. Superiors of the company can also communicate with their employees and them about
problems they6 are facing, so they can feel good.
Esteem needs - Esteem needs refer to the need for self-esteem and respect, with self-respect
being slightly more important than gaining respect and admiration from others (Sundström.,
2019). As a manager, you can account for the esteem needs of your employees by offering praise
and recognition when the employee does well, and offering promotions and additional
responsibility to reflect your belief that they are a valued employee.
Self Actualization needs - This need describe employees need to reach their full potentials.
This is dream of every employee who are working in a Marks & Spencer to become capable of
something which is highly personal . This can be done by the management through providing
challenging work to the lower level of employees sop they can understand the importance of
the work and responsible work will increase their efficiency, and they can easily achieve their
goals and target,. This will also motivate them, and they will give their best to achieve their
target and work to provide success in their task.
CONCLUSION
As per the report has been analyzed the case study of Marks & Spencer company. It
has been explained the importance and relationship between the companies structure, people,
culture and organizational performance. It has been concluded r the role of management and
leadership in a company and explain theory the management theory and leadership style. In the
end of this report has been briefly analyze the behavioral approaches to the management and
also has been concluded the Maslow's Hierarchy of needs to understand Behavioral of the
employees and what are their needs from the company and how M&S can fulfill their needs.

REFERNECSS
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