World Heritage Sites: Preservation and Nomination Essay

This essay delves into the significance of World Heritage Sites, designated by UNESCO for their historical, cultural, and scientific value. It evaluates the arguments for maintaining these sites, covering the nomination process and providing recommendations for preservation. The essay highlights the evolution of the World Heritage concept after World War II, emphasizing the importance of protecting natural and cultural heritage for future generations. It discusses the advantages of these sites in cultural, economic, and social aspects, including tourism and revenue generation, while also addressing the negative impacts of tourism, such as pollution and resource consumption. The essay concludes with recommendations for mitigating these negative impacts, such as promoting sustainable practices, renewable energy, and public transport, to ensure the long-term preservation of these invaluable sites.

Essay

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK...............................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
World heritage site may be referred as those monuments which are designated by UNESCO as
they consist historical, cultural and scientific form of significance (Santa-Cruz and López-
Guzmán, 2017). These sites are protected by an international convention that is administered by
UNESCO. They are judged to contain natural and cultural heritage around the world as well as
considered to be extraordinary value to humanity. It is imperative for modern society to
understand value of these world heritage sites and preserve for future generations. The aim of
their project essay is to evaluate the argument for modern society so as to maintain world
heritage sites. In addition to that, it will cover process for nomination of sites in list of world
heritage sites. At last, it will depict a recommendation to modern society in order to preserve
cultural heritage sites.
TASK
The era of world heritage sites was emerged after second world war as it focuses on valuable
sites and monuments across the world. During the construction of Asman Dam in 1959 in Egypt,
the Ramses shine was destructed and initiative was taken by UNESCO in order to preserve
valuable monuments. The initiative taken by UNESCO was trigger debates on emphasising on
global convention so as to preserve natural and cultural sites across globe (Pavlova, Makarigakis,
, Depret and Jomelli, 2017). United States had taken an initiative to preserve rich cultural places
in White House Discussion. The aim of this discussion is to secure and preserve scenic as well as
superb cultural places for future generation. In list of World heritage sites, Galapagos Island was
the first to list as it influences monument’s value among people. The aim of preserving world
heritage site is to protect historical, cultural and scientific value which heritage sites consists.
Natural Heritage sites may be referred as location, sea or land that can be listed in
accordance to assessment criteria. These sites enhance lifelong value and formally protected such
as botanic gardens, reserves and national parks. Indigenous sites encompass of practices,
knowledge and spirituality. Along with this, it also includes various vivid landscapes, essential
waterfalls and rock arts. Whereas historical sites relate to some sort of occupation as well as
usage of continent. It includes 1789 Asian and European contact sites and settlements (Wang,
Lu and Hung, 2021). Historic places can be referred as places such as shipwrecks, archaeological
and monumental sites.

Process of nomination, creation and selection of a heritage site
In order to monitor selected heritage sites, there are two authorised and appointed bodies which
are ICOMOS((Internationally Council on Monuments and Sites) and IUCN( International Union
for Conservation for nature). The core criteria of WHS is that sites must hold an outstanding
universal value for both present as well as for future generation.
Research for prevention of historical sites
Heritage sites are the remembrance of our predecessors and t reflects their art of living which
enhances cultural value. It si important to conserve and protect these monumental sites as they
consist valuable information of our ancestors. The research of heritage sites are imperative
source of information and knowledge so as to trace development of human society. The research
of historical sites facilitates economic sense in order to remain historical structure as well as
enhance to meet expectations of modern codes. The appearance of historical sites not only allure
investments but enhances civic character of location. They consist of valuable information and
thus preserved for future generation. In countries where government take initiative to encourage
tourism of their heritage site, helps in generation of higher revenue. Economic growth of such
countries can be elevated by promoting tourism. The rich heritage sites attract lots of visitors as
they express their experience through photos and videos and uploads on social media. By this,
people can easily attract towards civic beauty of heritage sites. Many travellers want to enhance
cultural value and they try to get to know about culture of different countries. Each country has
different set of custom, tradition and values that people across the world wants to explore.
Advantages of World Heritage Sites in cultural, economic and social aspect
There are various advantages or world heritage sites in terms of social, cultural and economic
aspects. World heritage sites plays an important role in development of nation as it attracts
visitors from all over globe and thus leads to higher generation of revenue (Chi, Cai and Li,
2017). In addition to that, it also facilitates in enhancing cultural value of monuments and people
can get to know about different tradition and custom. Many businesses rely on tourism industry
such as craftsman, potter and many more. Along with this, it also contributes in generation of
employment opportunities for many people so that they can earn livelihood. Many businesses are
highly dependent on heritage sites and they earn bread and butter from these sites, End of
tourism leads to stoppage of their income and they face difficulty in earning livelihood. By

increased income, government may utilise in making good infrastructure along with better
facilities such as fresh water and transportation facility. In some countries emphasize on social
activities such as worship locations like temple, church, parks, institutes and schools. In
historical sites, many travellers come to explore site and want to gain information. There are
various business ventures that assist in making tourism more effective (Hosseini, Stefaniec and
Hosseini, 2021). These sites interrelate cultural of various communities and emphasize on
enhancing cultural value. USESCO spends lots of funds so as to enhances culture of nation.
Negative impact of world heritage site in context to tourism industry
There are thousands of travellers explore world heritage sites and this leads to increased
pollution. It negatively affects environment and creates pollution from vehicles. Carbon
footprints needs to mitigated and government have to take initiate to minimise impact. In
addition to that, there are various hotels near historical sites in which there is high consumption
of water. In some areas, scarcity of water can be seen and people are struggling to get fresh
water. There is high consumption of soft drinks and other plastic packed food items which
contributes in environmental pollution. These world heritage sites can misplace native things as
every individual have to gain profit from these monuments. Tourism industry requires lots of
energy in transportation and accommodation and it needs to be minimised so as to minimise
environmental pollution (Torres-González, and et al., 2021). It is imperative to take initiative to
mitigate negative impact of tourism or it may harshly affect lives of local residents. Prices of
essential commodities are generally higher in places of tourism and local residents have to pay
higher for acquiring essential household products. Thus, in this manner there are some negative
impact of world heritage sites in context to tourism industry.
Recommendation
It is important to take initiative to control pollution which affects environment. It is
recommended that visitors should not waste water and limited resource as they have to
understand value of water. In addition to that, government have to formulate effective strategies
so that risk can be controlled and maximum benefit can be taken from world heritage sites.
Hotels should replace plastic with disposable products as it will help in minimising
environmental pollution. Government have to impose penalties in usage of plastic as it is the
largest contributor in pollution. Travellers have to use reusable bags as they are more durable and
eco-friendly towards environment. It will help in keeping environment clean and hygienic.

Government have to encourage tourism in country as it will help in generation of higher revenue
and that can be utilised in making better infrastructure. Generation of revenue can be utilised in
rendering transportation and water facility to both travellers and local residents. It is need to
ensure that these monuments use renewable energy which minimise dependency on power grid
for electricity and makes its sustainable for government. Visitors use their own vehicles and
personal taxis which increases air pollution and this issue should be addressed immediately as it
is damaging environment rapidly. Travellers should opt public transport so that air pollution can
be mitigated.
CONCLUSION
From the above project essay, it was concluded that World Heritages sites are crucial for
development of country. It plays an important role in enhancing as well as in understanding old
culture for future generation. There are various benefits of world heritage sites in terms of
cultural, social and economic aspects which needs to be taken into account while framing
prevention strategies. Modern society emphasize on world heritage sites and wants to acquire
valuable information that monuments consist. It is important to encourage tourism in country as
it helps in economic development and local residents can take advantage of better facilities and
infrastructure.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Chi, C.G.Q., Cai, R. and Li, Y., 2017. Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at
World Heritage Sites. Tourism Management, 63, pp.209-222.
Hosseini, K., Stefaniec, A. and Hosseini, S.P., 2021. World Heritage Sites in developing
countries: Assessing impacts and handling complexities toward sustainable tourism. Journal of
Destination Marketing & Management, 20, p.100616.
Pavlova, I., Makarigakis, A., Depret, T. and Jomelli, V., 2017. Global overview of the geological
hazard exposure and disaster risk awareness at world heritage sites. Journal of Cultural
Heritage, 28, pp.151-157.
Santa-Cruz, F.G. and López-Guzmán, T., 2017. Culture, tourism and world heritage
sites. Tourism Management Perspectives, 24, pp.111-116.
Torres-González, M., Prieto, A.J., Alejandre, F.J. and Blasco-López, F.J., 2021. Digital
management focused on the preventive maintenance of World Heritage Sites. Automation in
Construction, 129, p.103813.
Wang, S.X., Lu, W.M. and Hung, S.W., 2021. You gain when you give: Constructing a
sustainable development model for world heritage sites. Journal of Cleaner Production, 328,
p.129547.