A Deep Dive into Wound Care: Prevention, Treatment, and Research

This report provides a comprehensive overview of wound care, encompassing various aspects from wound types (open and closed) to prevention and treatment strategies. It discusses the importance of palliative wound care, especially when wounds do not progress, and emphasizes preventive measures like avoiding sharp objects and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The report highlights the significance of pain assessment and management, including the use of analgesics based on WHO guidelines. It also delves into the management of exudate, necrotic tissue, and the importance of cleansing in wound care. The report references key literature on wound care, providing a solid foundation for understanding and implementing effective wound management practices. The report also covers the significance of skin emollients, reducing the harmful impacts of incontinence, and protecting the sacral and buttocks area. The report aims to provide a complete guide for healthcare professionals and students.

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A wound is a break in the body´s tissue continuity which is due
to violence encompasses any activity of external agency like
surgery.
There are two common types of wounds which are an open
wound and closed wounds.
A closed wound is a type where the skin surface is not broken
thus bleeding occurs under the skin surface

Palliative wound care is a primary focus when the wound does
not significantly progress or deteriorates, the fresh wound
starts to form.
Wound care prevention is aimed at healing the wound, wound
healing is basically a process where the skin and the tissues
under the skin repair themselves after an injury have occurred.

The simplest ways of reducing the chances of having wound
include the following;
Evading sharp objects, hot water, fire, and other perils.
It is encouraged to do numerous exercises to ensure that the
body is kept active.
The body should be checked regularly for the presence of sore.
Take healthy food.
It is highly encouraged to maintain less weight in case one is
obese.
Controlling health conditions

 Skin emollients are used in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions helps in maintaining enough
moisture in the skin thus preventing the skin from drying.
 Reducing the harmful impacts of incontinence through skin
barrier products are very vital.
 When pressure is redistributed, the sacral and buttocks area
can be protected through lifting an overhead trapeze or a sheet
(Ryan, 2014).

Pain assessment.
 The pain assessment was made a mandatory activity from the
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare which
organization (JCAHO) which was conducted in the year 2000.
 This activity is conducted to every patient with wound even for
those patients who are incapable of expressing their pain.

The pain of the wound can be reduced through covering the
wound, maintaining a moist wound bed, repositioning the
wounded patient often.
Pain management which is associated with the wound is realized
via a balance of suitable wound care, consecutive measure and
medication as required.
Analgesics need to be prescribed based on WHO guidelines for
cancer pain control.
 Premedication actions for breakthrough pain should be done 0.5
to 1 hour before the actual treatment and changes in dressing are
done

Exudate.
This is the fluid extruding from extracellular spaces in the body
tissues. Periwound tissue protection is very significant.
Excess exudate can be due to periwound maceration.
 It is possible to manage exudate through dressing with appropriate
moisture retention capability and through using a barrier cream or
skin protectant on the periwound section (Maklebust, 2014).

Necrotic tissue and debridement.
 When the body tissues are deprived of nutrients and oxygen, they
become nonviable and devitalized for bacteria to thrive well. When
bacteria colonize, necrotic materials in the wound produces,
inhibiting bacteria leukocyte phagocytosis and promoting the
growth of bacteria (Hertz, 2018).
 The wound bed´s necrotic tissues become black and sometimes
leathery having exposure to air or grey/ yellow after being exposed
to moisture.
 Most distressing to the wound patients include pains from
infection, drainage, and odor.

Cleansing.
 Cleansing of the wound is done at every stage of dressing
through potable water, noncytonic cleanser and normal saline
to reduce trauma in the wound and also help to control the
odor (Ayello, 2015).
 The wound needs to be evaluated for wound infections like
friable, increasing pain, pale dusky granulation tissues,
edematous, pocketing at the base, delayed healing and wound
breakdown.

References
Ayello, E. (2015). Wound Care Essentials: Practice Principles. Tokyo: Wolters Kluwer Health. Retrieved
from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=BltECgAAQBAJ&dq=wound+care+prevention&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjS_puEvODnAhUYAW
MBHVchB4cQ6AEILzAB
Baranoski, S. (2013). Wound Care Essentials: Practice Principles. Liverpool: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=qxMXba1uRHkC&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Brown, P. (2012). Quick Reference to Wound Care: Palliative, Home, and Clinical Practices. Liverpool:
Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=6DvFwaXCt0wC&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Brown, P. A. (2010). Quick Reference to Wound Care: Palliative, Home, and Clinical Practices. Hull:
Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=VmfD7ET3CY4C&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Flanagan, M. (2013). Wound Healing and Skin Integrity: Principles and Practice. London: John Wiley &
Sons. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=0VqhGoN8HD0C&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s

Gefen, A. (2019). Innovations and Emerging Technologies in Wound Care. Amsterdam:
Elsevier. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=sMe3DwAAQBAJ&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Hertz, K. (2018). Fragility Fracture Nursing: Holistic Care and Management of the
Orthogeriatric Patient. Manchester: Springer. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=zSpgDwAAQBAJ&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Hess, C. T. (2018). Skin and Wound Care. Hawaii: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Retrieved
from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=VaJ84CryFmwC&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Maklebust, J. (2014). Pressure Ulcers: Guidelines for Prevention and Management. Liverpool:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=nGCH1g6TA28C&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Ryan, K. (2014). Wound care. Liverpool: Routledge. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=WH9_BAAAQBAJ&dq=wound+care+prevention&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Templeton, S. (2011). Wound Care Nursing: A Guide to Practice. Chicago: Ausmed Pub.
Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?
id=q1NsAAAAMAAJ&q=wound+care+prevention&dq=wound+care+prevention&hl=en&sa=
X&ved=0ahUKEwjEwK6kvODnAhUJdBQKHdNDCi04ChDoAQhFMAQ