Year 12 PDHPE: Sports Medicine - Injuries & Female Athlete Health

This Year 12 PDHPE assignment delves into sports medicine, focusing on soccer-related injuries and female athlete health. It identifies ankle sprains and calf strains as common soft tissue injuries, detailing rehabilitation procedures for calf strains, including rest and specific stretching exercises. The assignment further assesses how iron deficiency and reduced bone density can negatively impact female soccer players' performance, leading to fatigue, increased fracture risk, and hindered training. It emphasizes the importance of adequate calcium and mineral intake to mitigate these effects and maintain optimal athletic performance. This document is helpful for students to prepare for their assignments and is available on Desklib, a platform offering a range of study tools including past papers and solved assignments.

Year 12 PDHPE TERM 4
2021 Assessment Task 1
Sports Medicine Task

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
1. Two common soft tissue injuries that affect athletes who participate in Soccer....................3
2. Explaining the rehabilitation procedures to manage one of the soft tissue injuries................3
3. Assessing the degree to which iron deficiency and bone density affect the performance of
female athletes participating in Soccer.......................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Soccer is the sport which helps the athletes in knowing how the game is being played and
delivers the best of the participants' performance (Fransson and et.al., 2018).
Thus, from the report it is analyzed that two common soft tissue injuries are being known
for the athletes participating in Soccer. Further the rehabilitation procedures will be explained
which will be used to manage calf strain soft tissue injury being faced by the athletes. Moreover,
how degree of iron deficiency and bone density will affect the performance of female athletes
who are participating in Soccer will be known.
MAIN BODY
1. Two common soft tissue injuries that affect athletes who participate in Soccer
Soccer is the game which is considered as the world's most popular sport. It is played on
the large grass field with a goal at each end and this helps in knowing that how the soccer is
being played by the players. There are two common soft tissue injuries which affects the athletes
participating in soccer are defined as follows -
 Ankle Sprain — Ankle sprain is the most common type of soft tissue injury which the
players or athletes of Soccer face. Ankle sprain is the tear of the ligaments of the ankle.
They hold part of the ankle to connect to other bones and legs and when the sprain occurs
in ankle then there is swelling in the ankle and it becomes difficult to move the leg in
proper manner (Vahedi and et.al., 2021).
 Calf Strain — This is the major type of soft tissue injury which occurs in the players or
athletes. Strains occur when the muscles stretch beyond the normal range of motion and
this impacts the scale to which all aspects of how muscles are injured are known. Calf
strains are painful and when they occur it becomes difficult for the athlete to move the leg
in proper way.
2. Explaining the rehabilitation procedures to manage one of the soft tissue injuries
The major rehabilitation procedures to manage calf strain which is one of the soft tissue
injury is treated by taking proper rest so that the injury recovered in proper way. There is this
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procedure which helps in following how the strain can be treated in better way. This calf strains
soft tissue injury can be treated as -
 Rest — Rest should be taken in proper way so that there is not much strain which is
faced by the calf muscles. Any further physical activity like running, jumping etc should
not be done further (Meijer and et.al., 2018). This should be taken care of. Proper rest of
the body should be taken which helps in enhancing the body damages specially the calf
strains which have been occurred. This will help in knowing how the body positions to
relax and will further heal the muscles as fast as possible. Also, by taking rest, the
muscles will get time to place themselves in the proper position as they were before.
Therefore, sufficient rest is must for the muscles to heal.
Other than this, to rehab the strained calf, it is very important to follow the procedure which
helps in knowing that how the athlete should take care of the calf which has been strained while
playing Soccer. The procedure is described as follows -
 Putting the affected leg behind the other leg.
 Keeping your back leg straight and the back heal on the floor.
 Bending the front knee and then gently bringing the chest forward the wall until the
stretch is being felt at the calf leg where the strain has been occurred (Kim and et.al.,
2017).
 Hold the stretch for 15 to 20 seconds so that stretch is felt.
 And then slowly bend backwards by feeling relaxed.
 Repeat this 2 to 4 times so that muscles are fully relaxed and athlete is able to play Soccer
again.
Therefore, this is how calf muscles can be treated which helps in knowing that game Soccer is to
be played in proper manner (Kayani and et.al., 2018). This rehab procedure will also help athlete
in knowing the basis through which all measures are taken into accordance with the injury being
faced. For example — By following this calf strain rehab procedure, body will heal quickly and
will regain best processes as to how recovery can be done at large pace. Apart from this, exercise
should also be done which helps in knowing basis through which all measures are taken.
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3. Assessing the degree to which iron deficiency and bone density affect the performance of
female athletes participating in Soccer
When a female athlete has low iron levels, they cannot deliver enough oxygen to the muscles to
sustain sports performance specially the game which is being played by them that is Soccer. Iron
deficiency in females causes fatigue and this reduces the female athlete performance. This helps
in knowing the exact capacities of how the females are participating in the game called Soccer.
Iron is needed to allow the hemoglobin so that it binds with oxygen and allows it to transport it
to the whole body (Dobrowolski and et.al., 2020). This will also help in knowing that how
effectively the iron deficiency is being maintained by the females so that they are able to game
up the Soccer. If the female athlete has low iron levels then this also affects the bone density
which overall affects the performance of the female players who are participating in Soccer.
Lack of iron also affects the training sessions which are being taken under by Soccer coach.
Training will not be sustained when there is much iron deficiency which is being affected to the
female participants. Females will not be able to attend the training sessions as they will not be
feeling energetic. Also, due to lack of iron, performance of the female participants will be
affected and this will help in knowing also their bone density test which will be undertaken due
to the weakness they might feel due to lack of iron intake.
Decrease in bone density causes the bone to become more fragile which makes the
female athlete become prone to fractures. This affects the females who are playing Soccer as this
impacts there performance as high intensity and Soccer as the sport requires high amount of
training and best of their performance at large scale. This affects there performance at large scale
which helps in knowing the basis through which bone density is being measured. Female athletes
need to ensure that they in take right amount of calcium and other minerals so that they are able
to participate effectively and in appropriate manner in the game called Soccer (Dobrowolski and
et.al., 2019). Lack of minerals leads to deficiency which further impacts performance of the
female athletes which are participating in the game Soccer. Therefore, it is very necessary to
ensure that the bone density and iron deficiency does not affect the scale of performance as
resulting in low standards. Proper intake of food and specially minerals and calcium should be
taken which helps in knowing that how the body is coping up with the deficiencies. Also, due to
female menstrual cycle taking place, there estrogen levels becomes low which decreases the
bone density affecting their performance overall.
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For example — It is very important that female participants' intake good food which is
rich in minerals and calcium so that all effective measures are taken into accordance helping in
knowing aspects through which all measures are taken so that the Soccer is being played by
females in effective and efficient manner (Damian and et.al., 2021). This will also engage in
producing good health of female participants.
CONCLUSION
Thus, it is concluded from the above report that two common soft tissue injuries are being
known for the athletes participating in Soccer. Further the rehabilitation procedures were being
explained which are used to manage calf strain soft tissue injury being faced by the athletes.
Moreover, how degree of iron deficiency and bone density affect the performance of female
athletes who are participating in Soccer was being known and explained in detail in proper
manner.
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REFERENCE
Books and Journals
Damian, M.T. and et.al., 2021. Anemia in Sports: A Narrative Review. Life. 11(9). p.987.
Dobrowolski, H. and et.al., 2019. Dietary intake of polish female soccer players. International
journal of environmental research and public health. 16(7). p.1134.
Dobrowolski, H. and et.al., 2020. Nutrition for female soccer players—recommendations.
Medicina. 56(1). p.28.
Fransson, D. and et.al., 2018. Fatigue responses in various muscle groups in well-trained
competitive male players after a simulated soccer game. Journal of human kinetics. 61.
p.85.
Kayani, B. and et.al., 2018. Iatrogenic bone and soft tissue trauma in robotic-arm assisted total
knee arthroplasty compared with conventional jig-based total knee arthroplasty: a
prospective cohort study and validation of a new classification system. The Journal of
arthroplasty. 33(8). pp.2496-2501.
Kim, J. and et.al., 2017. Therapeutic effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization
for soft tissue injury: mechanisms and practical application. Journal of exercise
rehabilitation. 13(1). p.12.
Meijer, H.A. and et.al., 2018. Systematic review on the effects of serious games and wearable
technology used in rehabilitation of patients with traumatic bone and soft tissue injuries.
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 99(9). pp.1890-1899.
Vahedi, H. and et.al., 2021. Pelvic region bone density, soft tissue mass, and injury frequency in
female professional ballet dancers and soccer athletes. Sports Medicine and Health
Science. 3(3). pp.157-164.
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