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Know everything about Java and C++ with a comparison table in the blog. From feature to program execution, see all the differences between Java and C++.
You must have heard of the two most widely used programming languages Java and C++. Beginners usually start with C extending it to C++, and finally to Java. Often people misunderstand Java as the extension of C++, but that’s not the case. Hence this blog is a comprehensive guide on the Difference between Java and C++. Our guide is not limited to the difference; it talks in detail about the two languages.
Java is a high-level object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems (Oracle). Virtual Machine forms the basic foundation of Java language, providing portability and security. It is designed so that programmers find it easy with the few implementation dependencies. The language motto WORA – Write Once Read Anywhere makes it available on another platform for compilation, vanishing the need for recompilation. Originally, Java was used for application programming. Still, it has also become a primary interpreter and has a java.net package, which has made it possible for it to work with network computing. Java is packed with a wide range of libraries that offer high-level abstraction.
C++ language is both procedural and object-oriented programming language. It was developed as the extension of the C language and popularly recognized with the name C with classes. C++ support and provide compatibility with many features that make it one of the most powerful languages in the world. Moreover, C++ is termed semi object-oriented due to its inefficiency in interpreting the code and conducting compilation without creating objects and defining classes. C++ is very compatible with system codes due to its S.T.L. library and provides low-level coding integration with high-level object-oriented capabilities.
| Countries | Average Base Salary per annum |
| The U.S.A. | $100,335 |
| United Kingdom | £55,728 |
| Canada | $88,625 |
| India | ₹6,83,526 |
| Australia | $126729 |
| Germany | €60,000 |
| Singapore | S$50714 |
| UAE | AED 82541 |
| Countries | Average Base Salary per annum |
| The U.S.A. | $118,755 |
| United Kingdom | £62240 |
| Canada | $67,943 |
| India | ₹7,78,290 |
| Australia | $113,934 |
| Germany | €51058 |
| Singapore | S$62831 |
| UAE | AED 57,588 |
There is no doubt that Java is one of the most diverse languages today. Over the past decade, Java has become the most widely used language for developing software to solve real-world problems. Hundreds of software companies and millions of developers worldwide use Java to create their applications. Let’s see a few applications that are based on Java:
As an extension of the C language, C++ provides procedural programming over CPU intensive functions. Due to its proximity with hardware, it can manipulate resources easily and provide fast computation. Let’s see a few applications that are based on C++:
MySQL, Google Chromium Browsers, Adobe Premiere, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, and used in highly advanced medical procedure M.R.I.
Hold your seat and fasten your belt, as we will see many comparisons between the two.
|
Parameters |
Java |
C++ |
|
Founder |
James Gosling |
Bjarne Stroustrup |
|
Release Date |
23 May 1995 |
1979 |
|
Design Objective |
Write Once Run Anywhere |
Systems and application programming. |
|
Compilation and Interpretation |
It can be both compiled and interpreted |
It can be compiled but cannot be interpreted |
|
Libraries |
Diverse libraries with re-usability functionality |
Few libraries with low limited functionalities |
|
Memory Management |
System controlled memory management |
Manual capabilities for memory management |
|
Virtual Keyword |
Provide Support |
No Virtual Keyword |
|
Global Scope |
Global scope is not supported |
Support both global and namespace scopes |
|
Usage |
System Programming, Software Development, Game Development, Advance computation, Real-Time Simulations. |
Application Programming, Web applications, Embedded systems, Artificial Intelligence, Cloud Application, Desktop G.U.I., Big Data Tech |
|
Programming Model |
Procedural and Object-Oriented Programming |
Object-Oriented Programming |
|
Platform Dependency |
Platform - Independent |
Platform - Dependent |
|
Compatibility with other languages |
Not Compatible |
Compatible with various high-level languages |
|
S. no |
Feature |
Java |
C++ |
|
1 |
Abstraction |
Yes |
Yes |
|
2 |
Single Inheritance |
Yes |
Yes |
|
3 |
Multiple Inheritance |
No |
Yes |
|
4 |
Encapsulation |
Yes |
Yes |
|
5 |
Polymorphism |
Yes |
Yes |
|
6 |
Static and Dynamic Binding |
Yes |
Yes |
|
7 |
Operator Overloading |
No |
Yes |
|
8 |
Method Overloading |
Yes |
Yes |
|
9 |
Pointers |
No |
Yes |
|
10 |
Interference |
Yes |
No |
|
11 |
Global Variables |
No |
Yes |
|
12 |
Header Files |
No |
Yes |
|
13 |
Unions |
No |
Yes |
|
14 |
API |
Yes |
No |
|
15 |
Structures |
No |
Yes |
|
16 |
Root Hierarchy |
Yes (single root hierarchy) |
No |
|
17 |
Documentation Comment |
Yes |
No |
|
18 |
Thread |
Yes |
No |
|
19 |
Memory Garbage Collector |
Automatic |
Manual |
|
20 |
Runtime-error Detection |
On Programmer’s shoulder |
System Responsibility |
|
21 |
Semantics |
Primitive and Object type semantics are consistent |
Not Consistent |
|
22 |
Code Execution |
Direct |
By JVM (Java Virtual Machine) |
|
23 |
File Generation |
.exe files |
.class files |
|
24 |
Program Approach |
Bottom-up approach |
Bottom-up approach |
|
25 |
Keywords |
51 keywords |
60 defined keywords |
Now let’s write a simple program simultaneously to see where these languages differ.
Java Hello Program
Java Output
Explanation – Java uses classes and objects as it is a fully object-oriented programming language. Functions are generally entranced to go inside the code.
C++ Hello Program
C++ Output
Explanation – C++ uses header file <iostream.h> for input-output console to execute command like cin and cout. cin and cout work similarly to printf and scanf in C language.
Which is better Java or C++?
Talking in the terms of execution speed, C++ is better as it executes code using machine language. On the other hand, Java is both compiled and interpreted language which takes time to execute the code.
Should I learn Java or C++ first?
Java is easier to learn than C++ due to its simplicity in syntax and command. Java came after C++ and that's why it tried to remove the loopholes present in C++.
Which language is more popular Java or C++?
Though C++ is most preferred as the first language, the application and versatility of Java make it a hot choice for developers and programmers. Also, Java Surpassed C ++ as the most popular language standing at position two.
Wrapping Up
Making a comparison between the two is a neck to neck game. With various similarities and differences, both languages are unique and powerful. Of course, which makes it extremely hard to choose from, but the catch is - in any case, the language you use depends on what you want to accomplish.
Hope this comprehensive guide of the difference between Java and C++ has been of great help to you. With each passing day, you will hear a new language, but the beauty of Java and C++ is that no matter how many new languages come, they will always form the foundation of the programming language.
Hey, wait before taking leave; comment below your go-to language between Java and C++ and who you think is more compatible with the latest technology?