Software Development Models and Practices

This assignment delves into the diverse landscape of software development models and practices. It requires you to examine different approaches like Agile, Waterfall, and Pull-Based development, understanding their strengths, weaknesses, and suitability for various projects. Further analysis involves exploring how communication, knowledge sharing, and organizational factors influence successful software development within teams.

1802ICTAssignment–Project Planning, Analysis and Design
Report
Weight: 55%
Rationale:
The purpose of this assignment is to demonstrate your ability to apply all the concepts of
planning and project managementto a practical scenario involving a business information
system. You are required to thoroughly analyse and design your proposed information
system.
Groups:
You may work in a team of up to two (2) people.
Task:
You have been contracted by a company to develop an information system for $50,000.
During this assignment, you will undertake a thorough systems analysis and design on the
proposed system.
The business that you design the information system for is of your own choosing. Preferably
develop a system for an area that you are interested in, have had prior experience, or perhaps
for a company you work for.
You cannot design the system for the same company that another student has chosen, nor can
you reproduce a design for an existing well-known company. The information system you
chose should be of small to medium size/complexity.
You are required to deliver the following specifications before the project can commence:
1. Identify the Problem –Provide asystem vision document that outlines the problem
description, system capabilities, and the expected business benefits (minimum 300
words).
Problem description:
The information system of an organization could be subject to numerous problems and with
respect to the scenario highlighted in this report, the problem descriptions are observed in the
failure of IS development, improper alignment of business objectives and the information
system and software crisis. ABC Pvt. Ltd. is encountering problems pertaining to the manual

processes involved in product sale. The organization encounters issues with network failure
due to the lack of network competences within the existing information system infrastructure
and increased competition. The retail operations of the enterprise also imply the complexities
arising from volume and variability of data pertaining to the organization. Therefore the retail
enterprise is required to develop an application for addressing the objectives pertaining to
resolution of the crucial problem identified for the organization (Bjarnason et al., 2014).
System Capabilities:
The utilization of information systems by organization is primarily intended to provide
integrating business critical information in the organizational framework without any form of
information latency. The loss of data is assumed as a notable issue related to information
system frameworks and the competence of a system to prevent this issue is noted as an
indicator of its effectiveness (Bertolino et al., 2015). The different applications involved with
information systems in an organization such as network management, intranet facility for
internet communications and integration of software applications. Information systems are
also capable of facilitating business benefits through web applications which could cater
customer demands flexibly.
Expected business Benefits:
The productivity of information systems is observed in the assortment of business benefits
acquired by the associated organizations and business enterprises. The business benefits that
can be drawn from the integration of information systems in business framework comprise of
custom formats, real time information, adaptability and custom information. These factors
contribute to the opportunities for a business enterprise to reflect on its strengths and pitfalls
with reference to the existing standards of competition in the market (Conforto et al., 2014).
2. Quantify Project Approval Factors – Complete the following tasks (minimum 500
words):
a. Provide a table with a breakdown of the estimated time for project
completionusing excel or a similar program.
(
Project Management Phases
week
1
week
2
week
3
week
4
week
5
week
6
week
7
1
Initiation Phase of information
System
1.
1 Development of business case
1.
2 Feasibility study
1.
3 Project Charter
1.
4 Phase Review
2 Definition of the Initiation Phase

2.
1 Scope of project
3 Cost Estimation
3.
1 Cost for Hardware
3.
2 Cost for Software
3.
3 Cost for Network set up
4 Design Phase of Information System
4.
1 Architecture Development
4.
2 Standard and Guideline Setting
4.
3 Technical Set up Design
4.
4 Strategy making
4.
5 Testing
5
Development Phase of Platform set
up
5.
1 Development of Network Strategies
5.
2
Development of Network
Architecture
6
Implementation Phase of Developed
System
7 Project Closure
7.
1 Performing Project Closure
7.
2 Project Completion
The breakdown structure illustrates the estimation of required time for development of an
online platform to provide selected and high quality products to customers of the concerned
retail organization i.e. ABC Pvt. Ltd. The online platform has to be developed in accordance

with the trends of competition in the existing target market for the organization so that the
organization could sustain its competitiveness. With reference to the case of ABC Pvt. Ltd.
the project of information system development is classified into seven distinct segments
which are sub divided into other sections (Chuang, Luor & Lu, 2014). The seven segments
refer profoundly to the initiation phase of information system followed by definition of the
initiation phase. The following stages include references to Cost estimation, Design phase of
information system, Development phase of Platform setup, implementation stage for the
developed system and project closure. The cost estimation aspects in context of the project
can be realized effectively through the categorization of the system development process into
distinct stages (Dubois & Tamburrelli, 2013)
b. Provide a table with a summary of the development costs for the project and
systemusing excel or a similar program (use Australian dollars).
Cost Estimation
Actual
Cost Planed Cost
Total Cost $42,000 $50,000
1 Cost for Software $4,000 $5,000
2 Cost for Hardware $7,000 $7,000
3 Cost for Network Set Up $3,000 $7,000
4 Architecture Development $8,000 $9,000
5 Technical Set Up Design $8,000 $9,000
6 Strategy Development $9,000 $9,000
7 Testing $1,000 $1,000
8 Development of Network Strategies $1,000 $1,000
9 Development of Network Architecture $1,000 $2,000
c. Provide a table with a summary of the estimated annual operating costsusing
excel or a similar program(use Australian dollars).
Operating Cost Estimation Actual Cost Planed Cost

Total Cost $30,000 $37,000
1 Business Operating Cost $4,000 $5,000
2 Business Overhead Cost $7,000 $7,000
3 Equipment Operating Cost $3,000 $7,000
4 Network Operating Cost $8,000 $9,000
5 Project Operating Cost $8,000 $9,000
d. Undertake a cost/benefit analysis:
i. Describe the anticipated benefits from the deployment of the new
system (outline tangible and intangible benefits).
Costs Year
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Cost of
Development
-$50000
Operating
Cost
-$75000 -$82000 -$90750 -$99825 -$109808
Total Cost -$50000 -$75000 -$82000 -$90750 -$99825 -$109808
Discount
factor (Rate of
Discount 15
percent per
year)
1.00 0.087 0.76 0.66 0.57 0.50
Present-Value
Related to
Cost
-$50000 -$65217 -$62382 -$59670 -$57075 -$54594
Cumulative
PV Cost
-$50000 -$115217 -
$177599
-$237269 -$294344 -$348938 -$348938
Benefits

Tangible
benefits from
developed
system
$110000 $121000 $133100 $146410 $161051
Intangible
benefits from
developed
system
$10000 $11000 $12100 $13310 $14641 $10000
ii. Provide a table with a summary of estimated annual benefits.
Costs Year
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Total
Benefits
$120000 $132000 $145000 $159720 $175692 $10000
Discount
factor (Rate
of Discount
15 percent
per year)
1.00 0.087 0.76 0.66 0.57 0.50
Present
Value of
Benefits
$104348 $99811 $95471 $91320 $87350 $4323
Cumulative
PV Benefits
$104348 $204159 $299630 $390951 $478301 $482624
Cumulative
PV Benefits
+ Costs
-$50000 -$10870 $26560 $62361 $96606 $129363 $133686

3. Perform a Risk and Feasibility Analysis – Complete the following tasks (minimum
500 words):
a. Determine organisational risks and feasibility.
Organizational risks are evident in context of the decision of an enterprise to adopt
information systems. The organizational risks that are observed explicitly include references
to complexity risks for external interface, customer resource risks, risks evident in the
business process, risks associated with the adoption and integration of technological
improvement and the risks observed with respect to the skills of the developer.
Organizational feasibility is considered for obtaining an impression of the available prospects
for maintenance of the information system in accordance with the varying competition trends
in the market. The estimation of organizational feasibility is possible through review of
certain essential factors with respect to the enterprise. The specific factors that can be
implemented for determining organizational feasibility comprise of stakeholder participation,
coherence of budget with the project, stability of implementation, timeline for the project and
priority associated with the project. The consideration of these factors is essential in order to
sustain the levels of organizational feasibility in alignment with the applications derived from
information systems.
b. Evaluate technological risks and feasibility.
The different aspects within an organizational environment could lead to the proliferation of
risks in context of the information system which comprise of formidable references to
malware detection, hacking, hardware and software risks, human error, denial of services,
frauds, technological feasibility of the system and spam. Technological feasibility is
evaluated from the review of technological advancements facilitated by an information
system (Dingsøyr & Moe, 2013). The implications of technological feasibility are observed in
the mandatory requirements for maintaining technological effectiveness in the system
development applications of ABC Pvt. Ltd which is characterized by certain descriptors. The
descriptors include profound references to effectiveness of the hardware setup and software
base utilized by ABC Pvt. Ltd. and the flexibility of access to technology
(Davis, 2013).
c. Assess resource risks and feasibility.
The resources available for the design of an information system in an organization can be

attributed as significant entities and factors for ensuring that the information system is
capable of providing necessary support for the business objectives of ABC Pvt. Ltd. The
resources which are required essentially for an information system refer to data, hardware,
networks, people and software. The impact of these resources on improving the effectiveness
of information systems is subjected to a wide assortment of risks such as software
malfunctioning, human errors, hardware insufficiencies and network errors (Fritz et al.,
2014).
The above mentioned aspects have been identified as significant contributors to the efficiency
of information systems. However, it is also essential to consider the impact of these factors
on resolution of different problems in order to sustain operation feasibility. Therefore ABC
Pvt. Ltd. has to emphasize on the internal and external condition of resources that needs to be
improved. Another aspect of feasibility that can be identified in context of information
system can be observed in the estimation of economic feasibility of the entire system
(Fuggetta & Di Nitto, 2014).
d. Identify schedule risks and feasibility.
Schedule risks are observed profoundly as the disparities observed in the schedule of the
organizational processes due to the introduction of an information system in ABC Pvt. Ltd.
The impact of the schedule risks on operations of the enterprise would lead to consequences
such as additional expenses and involvement that would be financially as well as physically
overbearing in context of the information system (Gousios, Pinzger & Deursen, 2014).
Feasibility of scheduled risks within ABC Pvt. Ltd. can be estimated on the grounds of the
time taken for incorporating business critical architecture into the information system
platform alongside aligning with contemporary trends.
4. Establish the Project Environment – Complete the following tasks (minimum 500
words):
a. Provide a table outlining information that will be captured during system
development, the tools and software that will be used to develop the system,
and outline who can update / view the information.

Development Phases Tools Software Viewers/ person who
can update
Analysis Project goals,
diagnosis of problems,
analysis of proposed
system, collection of
facts
Modelling language,
IDE, Business model
development
Customers, network
operators, software
developers
Design Router, servers,
firewalls, data models
etc
Visio, AutoCAD, Adobe
Illustrator, graphic
draw art etc.
Customers, network
operators, software
developers, Project
Designers
Implementation Strategic process,
formulation of
strategies, network
designing etc.
AVISPA, Grapholite,
WAN diagram
software.
Customers, network
operators
Maintenance Reporting software,
integrated network
analyser, LAN
maintenance etc
PRTG network
monitor, Manage
engine OpManger,
IPHost Network
Monitor etc.
Customers, network
operators
Planning Topological design,
Network synthesis,
Network realization
etc.
Modelling language,
IDE, Business model
development
Customers, network
operators, software
developers, Project
Designers, network
operators
b. Describe the work environment.
The significance of a proper working environment in context of system development and
network designing for ICT applications in ABC Pvt. Ltd. is vested in the sustained growth of
the system productively. The working environments can be defined as monitored areas
suitable for developers to undertake activities of building, configuration, distribution and
installation of the application developed for an organization (Ghobadi, 2015). The most
productive approach which could be implemented for improving the networking structure of
the organization is observed in the SDLC approach. Some of the generic classifications of
working environment can be illustrated as follows:

System integration and testing environment is designed for emphasizing specifically on the
monitoring of system effectiveness and design alongside depicting the upstream and
downstream aspects pertaining to the specific network structure (Guzzi et al., 2013).
Development environment is associated with the opportunities for developers to merge their
work with that of others which can be reflective of identifying novel approaches for
describing personal work of developers (Highsmith, 2013).
The common build environment is characterized by the process of combining the merged
work from different works of developers in order to obtain a combined system.
Production environment is the final stage associated with network design and is characterized
by complete development of the entire information system and its feasibility of use.
c. Describe the processes and procedures that will be used.(Page 276)
The process and procedures that could be utilized in case of an Information system
development process could be inferred from the system development lifecycle model which
comprises of five stages. The case requirements of ABC Pvt. Ltd. suggest that the
organization requires an online platform for launching its products. Therefore the entire
information system network has to be framed with the utilization of the following stages such
as,
Analysis stage of the system development is necessary for determining the mandatory
requirements and significant aspects observed in context of the design of online shopping
platform for ABC Pvt. Ltd. Analysis would also provide insights for improvements in the
manual purchasing system followed by the organization presently (Henisch, 2014).
Design architecture of the system is essential in order to address the demands of customers
alongside complying with infrastructure design and other crucial requirements of the
concerned organization. The dimension of designing in system development is essential for
ascertaining the factors that contribute to the feasible development of information system
required to support the online platform services of ABC.
Development of the design architecture and estimation of requirements, the implementation
of the architecture is necessary for initiating the services of the newly developed architecture
for ABC (Jorgensen, 2014).
Maintenance of information system developed for ABC could be ensured through provision
of application structuring that could enable the effectiveness of the system to deliver services
and specific products to its customers.
Planning is accounted as a crucial stage in information system development since it is
responsible for maintaining the sustainability of architecture design alongside facilitating
appropriate solutions to customers.
5. Schedule the Work –Complete the following tasks (minimum 300 words):
a. Provide a work breakdown structure (WBS) for one (1) of the subsystems.
Project Management Phases
4 Design Phase of Information System
4.1 Architecture Development
4.1.1 Functional Specifications
4.1.1.
1 Project Model
4.1.1. User Interface

2
4.1.1.
3 Database Model
4.2 Standard and Guideline Setting
4.2.1 Guideline Selection
4.2.2 Standard Setting
4.3 Technical Set up Design
4.3.1 Platform Specification
4.3.2 Development Language Specification
4.4 Strategy making
4.4.1 Strategy Selection
4.4.2 Implementation of Strategy
4.5 Testing
4.5.1 Test Environment Setting
4.5.2 Test Plan
4.5.3 Unit Testing
4.5.4 Reporting Results
b. Provide aGantt chart showing the WBS project activities timeline. You must
use Microsoft Project and provide a screen capture.

6. Discover and Understand the Requirements –Define the functional and non-
functional requirements for the system using the FURPS+ framework (minimum 300
words).
The FURPS+ framework is intended to reflect on the functional and non functional
requirements with the emphasis on ‘+’ classified as a source for highlighting the
contemporary dimensions that could be crucial for network design applications in context of
ABC Pvt. Ltd. Functional and non-functional requirements have to be established in an
organization for specifying the characteristics and particular objects required in context of the
network designing process of the organization (Kupiainen, Mäntylä & Itkonen, 2015).
Functional requirements are applied for determining the different utilization cases for the
system and an illustration of the probable functional and non-functional requirements could
be presented as follows:
Requirement Type Requirements
Functional requirements Network inputs, Network outputs, network
components such routers, firewalls,
connectors, communicators, various
stakeholders of the ABC Pvt. Ltd.
Non- functional requirements Functionality: Functionality of a network could
be validated only on the grounds of its
capability to provide access to a large share of
newly recruited people to the operating facility
(Dabbagh & Lee, 2014).
Usability: The usability of the developed
network system for ABC could be estimated
from the human factors which include
references to the human factors such as
documentation pertaining to network design
and the involved stakeholders.
Reliability: Reliability requirements in context
of the network developed for ABC could be
reviewed on the grounds of availability of the
system to users in the organization (Wiegers &
Beatty, 2013).

Performance: The performance indicators
which can be considered for the platform
designed for ABC comprise of efficiency,
resource consumption and speed. However the
rate of information transfer and the speed of
operations could be assumed as generic
characteristics depicting system performance.
Supportability: Supportability requirements of
the system architecture should be aligned for
anticipation of the challenges and addressing
the customer demands (Kim et al., 2014). The
aspects of supportability in the developed
online platform for improving the purchasing
system of ABC could be validated through the
provision of better service to customers.
7. Identify the internal, external, operational, and executive stakeholders for the system
(minimum 300 words).
The design of the information system for ABC Pvt. Ltd. would comprise of mandatory
references to the involvement of stakeholders. The rationale for the design of the new
information system could be observed in the problems identified in network failure in event
of the increasing number of employees in the organization. Internal stakeholders of an
organization are responsible for maintenance of workflow within an organizational structure
while external stakeholders related to an organization are associated with production and
other external aspects pertaining to the organization (Kupiainen, Mäntylä & Itkonen, 2015).
Executive stakeholders are accountable for supervising the different initiatives implemented
for addressing the network failure issues faced by ABC. Operational stakeholders can be
observed among individual dedicated to transformation of an organization’s operating
structure in order to accomplish the design of an effective system architecture that would
subsequently lead to improvisation of the business perspective. Stakeholders have a
formidable contribution in addressing organizational objectives and hence ABC should
emphasize on stakeholders to accomplish its objective of becoming the best retailer in the
target market identified for the organization (Paternoster et al., 2014). The four generic
categories of stakeholders such as internal, executive, operational and external stakeholders
could be identified in the case of ABC Pvt. Ltd. as follows:
List of stakeholders in ABC Pvt. Ltd.
Type of Stakeholders List of Stakeholders
Internal Stakeholders  Director
 Team head of the project

 Networking strategist
 Research scientist
 Trustees
 Communications
 Environment analyst
 Board of committee
External Stakeholders  Local authority
 Providers
 Suppliers
 Acute trusts
 Customers
 Special interest groups
 Funders
 Service users
 Assessors for managing quality
 Media
 Organizational members
Operational Stakeholders  IT members
 Service desk holders
 Line managers
 Data communicators
 Regulatory bodies
 Application managers
 Software developers
 Core designers
 Communicators
Executive Stakeholders  Project manager
 Programmers
 IT heads

 Director
 Team leaders
 CEO
 Organizational heads
 Administration
 Management
 Local council
8. Target a specific group of operational stakeholders and create a questionnaire that will
be used to collect information about their system needs. Be sure to use a combination
of open and closed-ended questions and identify the stakeholder that your
questionnaire is targeting(minimum 300 words).
Identified Stakeholders Questionnaires Options to be
Answered
Elaboration
of the
specific
aspect
 IT members
 Service desk holders
 Line managers
 Data communicators
 Regulatory bodies
 Application
 managers
 Software developers
 Core designers
 Communicators
1. Is the condition of the Software
development within ABC Pvt. Ltd.
is good?
Yes No
2. Is the manual system is giving
profit to the organization?
Yes No
3. Are there any scopes of
improving the purchase platform
of ABC?
Yes No
4. What are the scopes of the
newly developed information
system for customers?
Yes No
5. How the online platform can
help the customers of ABC Pvt.
Ltd.?
Yes No
6. What could be done for
meeting all the customer claims
and demands through web-based
applications?
Yes No
7. How can the web-based
applications can be developed to
meet all the objectives and goals
of ABC Pvt. Ltd.?
Yes No
8. What is the IT system
architecture?
Yes No

9. What is the state of the
application?
Yes No
10. Is the application
economically feasible for the
organization?
Yes No
11. What are the software used
for developing the web-
applications?
Yes No
12. What is the total investment
for developing the software
based automated system
architecture for making online
shopping platform?
Yes No
13. Are the system manuals
available for the system
understanding to the customers?
Yes No
14. Does the organization
incorporate the other e-
commerce strategies from their
competitors?
Yes No
15. Provide the hardware details
of the web-based application.
Yes No
16. Are the hardware effective
enough?
Yes No
17.Is the system meeting all the
requirements of the
organization?
Yes No
18. Is the platform is well tested? Yes No
19. Explain the feasibility of the
system.
Yes No
9. Identify all the object classes and provide a complete domain model class diagram for
the system. You must use Microsoft Visio.

10. For each subsystem, identify and provide brief use case descriptionsfor all use cases.
The development of the online shopping application for ABC would comprise of specific
references to the different subsystems associated with the same. The different use cases that
could be observed in context of the application can be observed in use case for payment, use
case for product purchasing and the use case for product selection (Thüm et al., 2014). The
selection of product and payment through credit card and internet banking are assumed as
prominent subsystems that would be highlighted as follows,
10.1 Product Selection
Visit to the Web site The customers first access to the website of
ABC Pvt. Ltd. by clicking on the desired links
provided by the web search.
Navigation of website The traditional web browser are used in order
to do the navigation through the company
website.
Account creation and log In details If the user is registered then they can access
their account with the help of their log in ID
and passwords and if the user is not registered
in the company website they creates new

account and then proceeds with their searches.
Selection of the product The users view the preferable products from
the list of products provide by the company.
Adding of the product to the cart The product is added to the cart as per the user
choice.
Adding the product to the wish list The users can also make the products added on
the wish list in order to make the purchase in
any other time.
Actors: Customer, identity providers, network operator and authentication server
Description: Customers on the online shopping platform could be classified into two
categories such as new customer and registered customer. New customers are able to
accomplish registration through the utilization of a client register. The following steps
involve product selection leading to purchase (Turk, France & Rumpe, 2014). The registered
user is required to examine the different product and service options in order to finalize a
specific choice of products followed by the purchasing through the assistance of different
options available on the web application. The final stage involves the checking out of
customers from the web application.
10.2 Credit card payment use case:
Authentication of the card from the same bank ABC Pvt. Ltd. checks the number of the user
card if it matches with their banking partner
then they transfer the authentication process
to that bank.
Authentication check for different bank The organization checks the card number for
making authenticated the user, if they have
different bank account other than their banking
partner.
Adding the customer information The addition of the customer information is
done for delivering the product to the user’s
residence.
Purchase option After all the authentication process and
entering of details is done, then the user goes
for the payment option and purchase the
product.
Actors: Merchant’s bank, customer credit card bank, Merchant’s credit card
Description: The initial stage involved in the payment system is authentication of the user’s
credit card that can be facilitated through the authentication and authorization techniques
integrated in the web application of ABC Pvt. Ltd. The authorization process is followed by
the transaction through a simple approach if the card of the user is same as that of the
merchant’s bank (Usman et al., , 2014). On the other hand, if this condition is not valid then
the system employs individual authentication processes for checking with each bank. The
authentication and transaction process are followed by the verification process which
validates the completion of the payment process.

11. For one particular subsystem, identify and provide one (1) fully developed use case
description.
This section is associated with the description of a single sub-system in the use case of online
shopping that refers to product selection and payment. The systems requirement for user
authentication and authorization are reflective of the flexibility provided to users for selecting
a specific product and pay for it using appropriate methods. Therefore the objective of the
system is vested in expanding the process of selecting and viewing different items. The initial
step is associated with the search for the product in the web application followed by browsing
the application for alternatives (Usman et al., , 2014). These processes help the user to reach
on a decision of particular recommended items. With respect to the case of ABC Pvt. Ltd.
customers are provided with features in the web application to add selected items to the
shopping cart (Völter et al., 2013). The procedure is concluded with the authentication
process for the customer. The following use case description would facilitate a
comprehensive impression of the entire phenomenon.
Use case name: Product Selection
Scenario: Selection of the product on the website
Triggering event: Website customer wants to configure a product for purchase or perusal
Brief description Online customer creates a configured product by selecting various items to
be associated with chosen product.
Actors: Web users
Related use cases: Is the pre-requisite to Add product to shopping cart
Stakeholders: Customers, Marketing
Preconditions: Product must exist with associated items
Post conditions: If the configured product is to be saved, the customer must have an
account and be logged-in
Flow of activities Actor System
1. Customer chooses product to
configure
2. Customer selects desired items
3. Customer makes any changes
4. Customer finishes configuration
1.1 System looks up product and
returns it and its associated
items
1.2 System displays item lists on
screen in configurable layout.
2.1 System highlights selected item
and stores chosen value in
temporary array.
3.1 System modifies temporary item
array.
4.1 System sends notification that
configuration is finished
Exception
conditions:
1.2 Product has items but is not configurable. Default configuration
is displayed.
12. For the identified use case, provide one (1)use case diagram.You must use Microsoft
Visio.

13. For theuse case diagram provide a corresponding activity diagram to illustrate all the
steps within the use case.You must use Microsoft Visio.

14. For the activity diagram provide a correspondingsystem sequence diagram (SSD).You
must use Microsoft Visio.

15. Design the system components – Provide a high-level architectural diagram and
explain the environment within which the system will operate (i.e., stand alone,
networked, hosting options, cloud infrastructure, etc.) (minimum 300 words).
15.1 High level architectural diagram:
15.2 Work environment:

ABC Pvt. Ltd. requires an environment which could facilitate a comprehensive infrastructure
that can provide customers with the most optimal choices in terms of products. Therefore, the
web based application required by the organization has to be characterized with features that
can ensure that customers are able to reach their products effectively. The system proposed
for the objective is completely based on a cloud infrastructure which assists in accomplishing
the organization’s requirements (Vijayasarathy & Butler, 2016). The advantages of
integrating a cloud based infrastructure for the web application of ABC Pvt. Ltd. could be
illustrated as follows:
Scalability of cloud infrastructure facilities enables the flexibility of services for users.
Reliability of a cloud based platform is identified in its effectiveness to address customer
demands comprehensively.
Automated controlling measures are integrated in cloud based environments which are
tailored for addressing customer’s demands and implications of access.
16. Provide story boards illustrating the user interface for at least four (4) screens. Discuss
how you have applied best-practice user-interface design concepts (minimum 300
words).
1. The selected user interface for the cloud
system depicts the requirement for
registered users to visit the view items
option prior to searching for an item and
selecting a product (Yu & Petter, 2014). The
extension observed in this interface is the
option for browse which allows users to
observe products they want to view or
purchase. The user authentication is verified
on the basis of viewing items and is
mandatory for authentication of a customer.
2. The example of use case highlighted here
reflects on the probabilities for two
categories of users which refer to new users
and registered users. Registered users are
able to access authentication with the
assistance of client server that helps them to
register within the authentication server (Yu
& Petter, 2014). However, this use case
provides the registered user with three
specific options such as purchasing, viewing
items and check-out which can be utilized
by a user.
3. This use case reflects on two specific
types of users i.e. registered and new users.
Registered users are provided with the
opportunity to view the products through
using search and browse option. The
registered user could ensure product
4. This use case reflects on the importance
of new users in a purchase. The registration
of the new user in the system of ABC is a
mandatory requirement that can be
addressed through the client server and
authentication server (Turk, France &

selection through using the above mentioned
options (Turk, France & Rumpe, 2014). The
use case situation depicts that registered
users could also add the products to their
wish list in order to view them at a later
time or in the shopping cart for purchasing
it.
Rumpe, 2014). The process enables the
registered user to be within the network of
the web application of ABC Pvt. Ltd.
17. Deploy the solution – Describe the approach for planning and managing
implementation, testing, and deployment for the system (minimum 500 words).
17.1 Planning and implementation management:
The different approaches that could be utilized for illustration of progress, implementation,
and deployment, testing and planning phases of system development provide subtle
opportunities to reflect on system effectiveness. The use of Waterfall model has been
considered in this case for software platform development project with respect to all
dimensions of the system development cycle. The model is also suitable for illustrating the
intermediate stages involved in the development of online shopping application for the
concerned enterprise i.e. ABC Pvt. Ltd.
Development of the online shopping application would reflect on the requirements of project
specific processes and information systems. The following stages would be helpful for
obtaining a comprehensive impression of the intermediate phases involved in development of
the online shopping application of ABC Pvt. Ltd.
Requirement analysis is crucial for the identification of necessary inputs and resources
required for development of the online shopping application. The primary outcomes of this
stage could be identified in target market analysis, user interfaces for system architecture
design, network architecture and hardware and software platforms (Kupiainen, Mäntylä &
Itkonen, 2015).
Analysis stage is reflective of the effectiveness of the individual resources for addressing the

requirements of ABC Pvt. Ltd. The feasibility of the resources is evaluated in this phase with
respect to the requirements of the organization.
The third stage involves design in which the different processes and stages associated with
the design of the web application platform that can support customers in purchasing products
of their choice. The major processes involved in this stage include significant technical
aspects of designing, strategy development and network designing (Jorgensen, 2014).
Implementation stage is primarily associated with the implementation of the software and
physical infrastructure and its integration within the network infrastructure. The final stage of
the platform development indicates its effectiveness.
17.2 Testing:
The testing stage is significant due to the implications for reviewing the effectiveness of the
user interfaces designed in the above mentioned stages. The stage is crucial for determining
the competence of the system designed by ABC Pvt. Ltd.
17.3 Deployment:
This approach could be considered as effective for information system development
This system development approach is characterized with the highest degree of flexibility
The approach for system development provides effective returns on investments
The individual stages of system development are interrelated
Development process is executed in a sequence in order to avoid any chances for rework
The application of this system in large scale projects is not feasible
The flexibility of the system is limited
The probability of risks are estimated to be high
Testing is possible only in the terminal stage of development
Ambiguities of requirements in the initial stages could lead to complicacies in the
development process.
References
Benner, K. M., Feather, M. S., Johnson, W. L., & Zorman, L. A. (2014). Utilizing scenarios
in the software development process. Information system development process, 30, 117-134.
Bjarnason, E., Smolander, K., Engström, E., & Runeson, P. (2014, June). Alignment
practices affect distances in software development: a theory and a model. In Proceedings of
the 3rd SEMAT Workshop on General Theories of Software Engineering (pp. 21-31). ACM.

Bertolino, A., Blake, M. B., Mehra, P., Mei, H., & Xie, T. (2015). Software engineering for
internet computing: Internetware and beyond [guest editors' introduction]. IEEE Software,
32(1), 35-37.
Conforto, E. C., Salum, F., Amaral, D. C., da Silva, S. L., & de Almeida, L. F. M. (2014).
Can agile project management be adopted by industries other than software development?.
Project Management Journal, 45(3), 21-34.
Chuang, S. W., Luor, T., & Lu, H. P. (2014). Assessment of institutions, scholars, and
contributions on agile software development (2001–2012). Journal of Systems and Software,
93, 84-101.
Dubois, D. J., & Tamburrelli, G. (2013, August). Understanding gamification mechanisms
for software development. In Proceedings of the 2013 9th Joint Meeting on Foundations of
Software Engineering (pp. 659-662). ACM.
Dingsøyr, T., & Moe, N. B. (2013). Research challenges in large-scale agile software
development. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 38(5), 38-39.
Davis, A. (2013). Just enough requirements management: where software development meets
marketing. Addison-Wesley.
Fritz, T., Begel, A., Müller, S. C., Yigit-Elliott, S., & Züger, M. (2014, May). Using psycho-
physiological measures to assess task difficulty in software development. In Proceedings of
the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering (pp. 402-413). ACM.