2TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENTIntroductionInnovation is a field of study that is simply just a new method, idea or device. However,it is also often regarded as the application of better answers that are meeting unarticulated needs,new requirements or any already existing market needs (Fagerberg, Martin & Andersen 2013).Inside the information and communication technology sector, the mobile phone industry hasbecome a very innovative segment. Technical advancements and new product proliferation havemolded this industry into an extremely dynamic one. This has happened even after the marketshares are extremely concentrated in the hands of a few giants in the industry (Cecere, Corrocher& Battaglia 2015,p.162-175). Innovation is the core of every successful product, organization ornew venture. Apple Inc. is no exception to that. From their iPod to their Apple Newton toiPhone, Apple, Inc. from the beginning itself have provided the pomp and performance. TheiPhone has transformed the mobile phone business completely, along with the internet economyand society as a whole. Before iPhone, touchscreens appeared on Apple’s own Newton.However, what made iPhone transformative in nature was the shift in the concept ofunderpinning the whole iPhone project. Its designers made it into a full-fledged hand-heldcomputer making calls and browsing (Cartwright 2016, p.669-671). Discussion and AnalysisMajor Technological Developments That Contributed to the Success Of iPhoneRon Wayne, Steve Wozniak, and Steve Jobs together founded Apple, Inc. in 1976. AfterWayne left the company, Wozniak presented and designed Apple’s first computer, the Apple I,to Hewlett Packard (HP). Even though HP was not impressed and did not pursue the venture,Jobs and Wozniak continued to develop and sell their computers. In 1980s and early 1990’s, thenew versions of Macintosh and the new computers helped Apple do well in their sales. AfterJobs became the CEO of Apple, Inc. in 1997 he introduced the iMac, which did huge sales in1998. From that point onwards the company started doing well. Under the leadership of Jobs,Apple started the introduction of many new and innovative products one at a time. The marketbombing iPod and iPhone were introduced in 2001 and 2007 respectively. 2008 recorded aniTunes store sale more than Wal-Mart. The innovation streak continued in 2010 with theintroduction of iPad (Apple.com 2017).

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