5G Technologies: Advantages and Challenges

This study material discusses the advantages and challenges of 5G technologies, including its impact on emerging technologies and the global economy. It covers the background information on the evolution of mobile spectrum and the features of 5G technology. The use of 5G technology in various sectors such as healthcare, manufacturing, and energy is also discussed.

Running head: 5G TECHNOLOGIES
5G TECHNOLOGIES
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Definition of problem or opportunity:.............................................................................................2
Relevant background information:..................................................................................................3
Synthesis..........................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................7
Bibliography....................................................................................................................................8
Annotated Bibliography.................................................................................................................10

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Introduction
The generation of mobile technology is advancing rapidly. In 2010, the fourth generation
technology which is known as 4G started to provide services (Banupriya et al.,2015). Now, the
implementation of 5G technology is started to be developed. The 5G technology uses much
bandwidth per channel, which enables the faster communication between the devices. The
increased bit rate the larger volume of data per area along with the low battery consumptions
are the main features of the 5G technology. It enables ‘wide area mobility' in reality.
Definition of problem or opportunity:
Technology in the mobile infrastructure is needed to be upgraded as the other devices
along with the mobile device are getting advanced. The demand for the fast communication and
fast internet connection are growing. In this case, there is a need for providing better
communication technology that can serve all these purposes. There are some issues, which are
regarded as the problem in case of use of 5G. The method of 5G technology may be expensive
because it provides high frequencies. It has been found out this high frequency may help in
faster communication. However, it gets weaker while travelling the long distance and they
cannot go through walls.
There are specific problems associated with the 5G technology, however, the millimetre
wave which can be used for arranging the point to point communication at a ruler and isolated
areas. Fibre cable cannot be used in many cases for connection as it requires the high cost of
implementation (Lee et al.,2016). In that case, the use of 5G technology can solve the problem.
Moreover, 5G technology gives the security assurance. However, for the significant cost of
implementation 5G technology may not be available to the consumers till 2020 but the industries
are making the target to provide the service as soon as possible.

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The factor that makes 5G different with the 4G is the latency. At present 4G presents low
latency which is between 40ms and 60ms (Hu et al.,2015). It is beneficial for the real time
response (Kachhava & Thakare,2014). The 5G technology provides ultra-low latency, which
enables the streaming of online video or telecast more explicitly. The importance of IoT
demands the strain on the bandwidth, which ensures the importance of 5G technology.
Moreover, the exponential data speed can be gained from the use of 5G, which is an essential
quality for supporting the use of Internet of Things.
The main problem with the 5G technologies that it has no standards, so, there is no
regulations and rules on the way 5G can operate and used by vendors.
Relevant background information:
There were several generations of the mobile spectrum before the invention 5G
spectrum. Initially, there was 1G which the first generation of the wireless mobile technology,
which was the analog communication and was introduced in 1980 (Sathishkumar et al.,2017).
2G was the advanced spectrum technology which follows 1G. The first advancement of the 2G
over 1G was that 1G was analog, while 2G was digital. The spread of spectrum in 2G is much
higher than 1G. The main advantage of 2G was the messages were digitally encrypted. 2G
enables the SMS service in the form of plain text and the MMS services. It was initially started in
1991 and was commercially launched by GSM. 3G was the advanced way of spectrum
transmission compared to 2G. It provides the transfer of the information at 200kbits/s. The first
launch of the 3G technology was introduced in 1997. The 3G technology was often referred as
3.5G or 3.7G. It enables the voice internet call, providing wireless service to both mobile and
other smart devices (West, 2016). 3.5G is the advanced version of the 3G. It is a dedicated
technology used I the mobile phones and other intelligent devices. The speed of the
transmission is faster than 3G in case of 3.5G (Guey et al.,2015). The invention of 3.5G was the

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initial stage of the development of 4G. It was evolved with HSPA and ‘high-speed downlink
packet accesses. The 4G technology provides the high-speed broadband access which can be
used in smartphone, mobile devices, computers and laptops. It can be used for high definition
mobile conferencing, cloud computing and online streaming. The advanced version of the 4G
technology is 4.5G which provides faster transmission than 4G. It includes LTE advanced and
MIMO. The invention of the 4.5G technique can be referred as the initial stage for the
development of 5G technology.
Synthesis
The discussion about the 5G technology is essential as there is an increasing demand
for the advanced services from the new technology. The advancement of technology has
opened the use to use the technology in the different field of the work. Such technology needs
high speed of communication transformation for the performing the work (Thompson et
al.,2014). It can be assumed that 5G can help to support the emerging technologies such as
cloud computing and Internet of Things. Apart from a mobile broadband segment, 5G
technology is going to prove its impact on the development of the self-driven car and use of
technology in the healthcare sector and agriculture sector (Mer,2015). 5G will also assure low
battery consumption, better security and lower latency.
All the stakeholders associated with the information technology business should be
aware of the importance and usefulness of 5G technology. The cost of the 5G technology will
not make it usable for the consumers till 2020, but certain communication vendors such as
AT&T and Verizon have been invested in 5G technology. Initially, these companies will run tests
case with the in-house experiments of 5G (Nelson, 2017). Other major companies are also
looking for the investment on 5G. Companies like Huawei, Ericsson and Intel, are planning to
upgrade their service for 5G technology.

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The impact of 5G will have the positive effect on the technology, which will make the
technology more advanced by providing the better communication. The advancement of the
interface will make the life of individual people easier (Alliance, 2015). The invention of 5G
technology will have the impact on the global economy by the generation of the new revenue
and inspire the further growth of the organisations by accelerating the innovation (Raisa, Reza &
Abdullah, 2016). It can be said in general that the development of the 5G technology will affect
both the industry and the people positively.
The 5G technology can mainly be used for mobile broadband. However, the use of this
technology can be expanded as it can serve as the backbone of services for various emerging
technologies like IoT. The method of 5G technology can be beneficial for both technical and
business aspects. Advancement of technology is intimately connected with the growth of the
industry. The innovation of the new technology helps to perform the different aspects of the
business efficiently, which allows the organisations to collect more revenue (Choudhury,2015).
The growth of technology also helps to reach the organisations to the broad base of the
customers. This makes a fair competition in the market. The advancement of technology also
helps to make the workings of the daily life more manageable. In this case, it can be said that
use of 5G technology is applicable for most of the fields in the business.
The use of 5G technology will help the IT organisations to build advanced technology
infrastructure which supports the advanced communications suing 5G (Abdelwahab, et
al.,2016). The online telecast through the internet through 5G will increase the real time property
of the broadcast as the latency time of the 5G is lower than the 4G (Chen et al.,2017). Low
power consumption is another feature of 5G technology that will have the positive impact on the
business growth (Cheng et al.,2018). The low latency property of 5G technology will also help in
the video conferencing. The coverage of the broader area through the network will help to build
the full area mobile network in the real sense. Moreover, the vast organisations can

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communicate accurately with their branches in the remote locations through 5G technology.
Sometimes it becomes costly for the organisations to implement the fibre optics for fast
communication. In that case, the use of 5G can be relevant.
The implementation of 5G technology in the organisation can be done in various ways.
The use of 5G technology can be in the automation process. The company can use 5G
technology while using some emerging technology such as IoT or cloud architecture (Lei et
al.,2015). Using the new 5G technology can be applied to the service sectors such as health
and agriculture to provide new services to the consumers. Recently, a survey, conducted by the
Ericsson, 78 percent of people assumes that the innovation of 5G technology will be beneficial
for the business and customer services (Wu, Wang & Youn, 2014). Over 74 percent of
respondents associated with the organisations are said that their organizations are interested in
investing in the implementation of 5G technology in near future (Zhao,2018). The use of 5G
technology can be applied in various sectors such as energy, manufacturing and healthcare
sectors. It can be used for connecting the remote sites, distribution of the energy and
implementation smart meters (Jaiswal, Kumar & Kumari,2014). In the healthcare sector, 5G
technology can be used for the real time delivery of critical medical data. In the manufacturing
industry, identification and tracking of delivery goods, remote quality inspection and cloud
robotics can be done with 5G technology.
Possible advantages of 5G in an organization:
Organizations can enjoy certain advantages after the implementation 5G technology for
communication.
 The organization can enjoy consistency in connectivity.
 The 5G technology can be manageable with the previous generation
equipments.

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 In this technology the subscriber supervision tools will help the organization to
troubleshoot the problems.
 The efficient connectivity will help to give the cost effective solutions to the
organizations.
Conclusion
It can be concluded from the above discussion that the use o 5G will bring the significant
changes in the technical field. Apart from that, it will bring changes in the social life of person
along with the difference in the global economy. 5G technologies are advanced than the 4G
technology, and it helps to give better real time streaming as the latency time in the 5G
technology is less than 4G technology. The transmission speed is also ten times more than the
4G technology which will help in better communication. 5G technology will help to boost the
innovation of the technology, apart from that it will help the emerging technology to run
efficiently. Though there are particular problems and risks are associated with the
implementation and use of 5G technology, it can be said, the impact of the 5G technology is
positive for the technology and humanity.

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Bibliography
Abdelwahab, S., Hamdaoui, B., Guizani, M., & Znati, T. (2016). Network function virtualization in 5G. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 54(4), 84-91.
Alliance, N. G. M. N. (2015). 5G white paper. Next generation mobile networks, white paper.
Banupriya, A., Suba, T., Rajalakshmi, K., & Rajasri, S. (2015). MILESTONE OF WIRELESS
COMMUNICATION (1G TO 5G TECHNOLOGY). International Journal of Engineering Research
and Science & Technology, 1(1), 39-45.
Chen, L., Duan, L., Anpalagan, A., Dobre, O. A., & Niu, Z. (2017). Sustainable Green Networking and Computing
in 5G Systems. IEEE Wireless Communications, 24(4), 12-13.
Cheng, J., Da Xu, L., Chen, W., Tao, F., & Lin, C. L. (2018). Industrial IoT in 5G Environment towards Smart
Manufacturing. Journal of Industrial Information Integration.
Choudhury, D. (2015, May). 5G wireless and millimeter wave technology evolution: An overview.
In Microwave Symposium (IMS), 2015 IEEE MTT-S International (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Guey, J. C., Liao, P. K., Chen, Y. S., Hsu, A., Hwang, C. H., & Lin, G. (2015). On 5G radio access architecture
and technology [industry perspectives]. IEEE Wireless Communications, 22(5), 2-5.
Hu, Y. C., Patel, M., Sabella, D., Sprecher, N., & Young, V. (2015). Mobile edge computing—A
key technology towards 5G. ETSI white paper, 11(11), 1-16.
Jaiswal, S., Kumar, A., & Kumari, N. (2014). Development of wireless communication networks: From 1G to
5G. International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, 3(5), 6053-6056.

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Kachhavay, M. G., & Thakare, A. P. (2014). 5G technology-evolution and revolution. International
Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 3(3), 1080-1087.
Lee, J., Kim, Y., Kwak, Y., Zhang, J., Papasakellariou, A., Novlan, T., ... & Li, Y. (2016). LTE-advanced
in 3GPP Rel-13/14: an evolution toward 5G. IEEE Communications Magazine, 54(3), 36-42.
Lei, L., Yan, C., Wenting, G., Huilian, Y., Yiqun, W., & Shuangshuang, X. (2015). Prototype for 5G new air
interface technology SCMA and performance evaluation. China Communications, 12(Supplement), 38-48.
Mer, S. B. (2015). Advanced autonomous vehicle with 5G technology. Int. J. Eng. Develop. Res., 3(2),
2321-9939.
Nelson, R. (2017). 5G development efforts accelerate. EE-Evaluation Engineering, 56(5), 14-17.
Raisa, F., Reza, A., & Abdullah, K. (2016, December). Advanced inter-cell interference management technologies
in 5G wireless Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets). In Research and Development (SCOReD), 2016
IEEE Student Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Sathishkumar, R., Somasundaram, K., Sherwin, M., & Mohnnish, D. (2017, April). Cloud based video reporting
Service in 5G enabled smart transportation system in vehicular networks. In Electrical, Instrumentation
and Communication Engineering (ICEICE), 2017 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Thompson, J., Ge, X., Wu, H. C., Irmer, R., Jiang, H., Fettweis, G., & Alamouti, S. (2014). 5G wireless
communication systems: Prospects and challenges [Guest Editorial]. IEEE Communications
Magazine, 52(2), 62-64.
West, D. M. (2016). How 5G technology enables the health internet of things. Brookings
Center for Technology Innovation, 3, 1-20.
Wu, S., Wang, H., & Youn, C. H. (2014). Visible light communications for 5G wireless networking
systems: from fixed to mobile communications. Ieee Network, 28(6), 41-45.

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Zhao, W. (2018). Wen Tong: 5G will be the neural network of the physical world. National Science Review, 5(2),
292-296.

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Annotated Bibliography
Thompson, J., Ge, X., Wu, H. C., Irmer, R., Jiang, H., Fettweis, G., & Alamouti, S. (2014).
5G wireless communication systems: Prospects and challenges [Guest Editorial].
IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(2), 62-64.
1. The primary purpose of the paper is to analyse the current situation of 5G technology
from both academic and technical perspective.
2. In the first part of the paper evaluation of the spectrum technology along with the
advancement of LTE technology has been discussed. To understand the current
scenario regarding 5G technology, 70 research papers were collected. Among those,
eighteen manuscripts were selected finally. The first nine papers are issued in this
paper. The first paper discusses the 5G technology from service provider's perspective.
In the second paper, five future research directions and standardisation for the 5G
technology has been discussed. In the third and fourth article, the wireless networking
with 5g technique has been discussed. The fifth paper talks about the application of 5G
technology for driving the other emerging technologies like IoT. The sixth and seventh
article discusses about the data transmission using 5G in mobile communication. The
eighth article tells about the mobile architecture used in 5G technology. The last paper
shows the different levels of cache applicable for the 5G technology.
3. Most important factors and ideas:
Multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) concept can be used in implementing the wireless
network using 5G technology.
5G technology is essential for the machine to machine communications.
Different cells in the network architecture are needed to be modified for meeting the higher
requirements of the 5G technology.
The reduction of end-to-end delay in the network can be made by use of 5G technology.
Kachhavay, M. G., & Thakare, A. P. (2014). 5G technology-evolution and revolution.
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 3(3), 1080-1087.
1. The primary objective of the paper is to discuss the evaluation of the mobile technology
through different generations.
2. The paper discusses the different generations of the mobile spectrum from 1G to 4G
along with their advantages and disadvantages. The importance of 5G technology is
mentioned. The article has proposed a network architecture suitable for 5G. The use of
5G can be deployed in the development of WWWW(World Wide Wireless Web), Real
Wireless Network. The proposed network architecture can change Radio Access
Technology based on the requirements.
3. Important facts and ideas:
5G has lower latency rate than 4G

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5G is ten times faster than 4G and power consumption is low in 5G.
Use of 5G technology can be compatible in the implementation of artificial based
technologies.
The improvement of research in 5G technology will lead to the innovation of 6G technology.
West, D. M. (2016). How 5G technology enables the health internet of things. Brookings
Center for Technology Innovation, 3, 1-20.
1. The main topic of the article discusses 5G based technologies which will serve as the
Internet of Things in the healthcare sector.
2. The difference between 4G and 5G has been discussed along with the characteristics of
the 5G technology. The paper shows the way, attributes of 5G technology helps to
achieve the workings of the Internet of Technology in the medical field. Some of the
ideas about the use of IoT in healthcare sectors such as 3D printings of the reports and
structures have been given in the paper. Lastly, the article concludes with the future
scopes of the 5G technology.
3. Important ideas and factors:
5G technology can be used to implement the advanced technology that will improve the
quality of diagnosis and treatments.
Access to digital medicine and the sharing of medical information across the vast
geographical area is possible using 5G technology.
Citizen TeleCare Service System can be implemented with the Internet of Things, which can
be complemented by 5G technology.
Hu, Y. C., Patel, M., Sabella, D., Sprecher, N., & Young, V. (2015). Mobile edge computing
—A key technology towards 5G. ETSI white paper, 11(11), 1-16.
1. The primary objective of the topic is to discuss the evaluation of security for the
technology in the mobile network.
2. There are several generations of mobile technology used earlier. Different generations
have certain advantages and disadvantages. There are security issues in the earlier
generation of the cellular network. However, the security issues are resolved in the later
generations like 4G. The invention of 5G technology will ensure more security in the
communication. The basic concept and the facts regarding 5G technique have been
discussed in this paper. The paper concludes with the analysis of the strength of 5G
technology is that it will be helpful for the innovation of advanced network
communication.
3. Important facts and ideas:
5G technology can provide futuristic solutions to the problems which cannot be solved
by 4G technology.

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5G technology offers the more secured way of communications.
Banupriya, A., Suba, T., Rajalakshmi, K., & Rajasri, S. (2015). MILESTONE OF WIRELESS
COMMUNICATION (1G TO 5G TECHNOLOGY). International Journal of
Engineering Research and Science & Technology, 1(1), 39-45.
1. The paper discusses about advantages and disadvantages of 5G technology along with
its impact on the manufacturing industry.
2. The paper gives the overview of the proposed 5G mobile architecture. Various services
those can be improvised using the 5G technology is discussed in this paper.
3. Important facts and ideas:
5G will be based on IPv6.
The technology will be available in the market within 2020.
5G tech logy provides real worldwide wireless web service.