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Running head: NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Name of the student: Name of the university: Author note:
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1NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Contents Introduction:....................................................................................................................................2 Physical appearances:......................................................................................................................2 Physical touch:.................................................................................................................................3 Disclosing sensitive information:....................................................................................................3 Importance of family in the caring process:....................................................................................4 Maintaining religious practices during the times of ailments:.........................................................5 Conclusion:......................................................................................................................................6 References:......................................................................................................................................7 Appendix:........................................................................................................................................8
2NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Introduction: Culturalcompetencyinnursingcanbedefinedastheabilityofthehealthcare professionals and organizations in delivering healthcare services effectively that satisfy the cultural, social and linguistic necessities of patients (Vu et al., 2016). The growing number and the mobility among the Muslim people had made it certain that the healthcare professionals would be encountering different Muslim patients in the clinical practices. Specifically for the Muslim women, healthcare professionals need to develop proper awareness about the common barriers ensuring that the care that they provide such women become valuable to them. They need to know about the diversity of the religious practices, health beliefs as well as the preferences for the Muslim women as well as their families. This would enable them to provide culturally competent care that would satisfy them and help them to live better quality lives. This reportwouldbeincludingthevariousconsiderationsthatwouldhelpthenursestobe knowledgeable and skillful to treat such patients successfully. Physical appearances: The interview with the Muslim women community revealed that they are extremely sensitive about their physical appearances in public places. Many of the women revealed that their hijab is the embodiment of virtue, respect as well as their modesty. They wear burqas to cover their entire neck, head, torso as well as limbs. When analyzed, it was found in the article that quran instructs men to conceal the area from navel to knees covered. However, women are expected to dress up in ways that hide their arms, torso to their wrists and legs to that of ankles as well as hair (Tackett et al., 2018). Hence, for concealing their bodies, they are seen to use abayas, jilbabs and even chadors which are loose fitting garments. Therefore, it is advisable for healthcare professionals to get engaged in physical examinations of Muslim female patients after
3NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS clarifying the clothing preferences of such patients. They should try to confirm their levels of comfort and accordingly they should be limiting the examination procedures to only the aspects that are needful and necessary (delPino, 2017). Physical touch: Muslim women revealed in the interview that they do not feel comfortable being treated by male nurses and other professionals. They avoid visiting healthcare centers because of the uncertainty of whether their concerns would be respected or not. The article also confirms the statements made by them in the interview. Islam instructs that males and females who are unmarried or belong to immediate families should be prevented and prohibited from being alone and even in touching each other (Tackett et al., 2018). Therefore, one of the concerns of this community is the potential intrusion that any healthcare providers can pose irrespective of their genders but mainly with male gender. Hence, the nursing professionals can greet Muslim women by putting their hands over their hearts in place of handshakes. Male providers should work with a women chaperone while treating Muslim women in cases of emergency like breast and pelvic exams. Healthcare organizations should try to allocate women professionals to Muslim women if possible (delPino, 2017). Disclosing sensitive information: In the interview, the Muslim women disclosed discomfort about their in discussing about their sexual information. It deemed devaluing or embarrassing to them. The research paper revealed that Muslim women postpone sharing their information about gynecologic health till the beginning of their marriage or pregnancy. In such a scenario, healthcare professionals should be assuring the patient about the confidentiality of their meetings and discussions. They should also
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4NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS try to clarify the preferences to the patients regarding the topics that the patients are comfortable to discuss (Tackett et al., 2018). Experts are of the opinion that sensitive issues like sexual or menstrual history should be done only when absolutely necessary and if done, should be done by female providers (Vu et al., 2016). Importance of family in the caring process: The interview revealed a lot of information about the role that family members play in the patient care. One of the women revealed that women in her family are not allowed to interact with the healthcare providers alone. There is always the necessity of the presence of a husband, brother or father regarding discussions on treatments. Another women in the interview revealed that her family prefers the healthcare professionals to discuss about the disorder with the family before to the patient. This is done so that the members can conceal information which they think might be sensitive to the patient (Tackett et al., 2018). Experts have found instances where family members have been found to substitute the word cancer with that of infection and that of the word chemotherapy with that of antidote while discussing health with their loved family member (delPino, 2017). They believe that this aspect would help in protecting the psychological well-being of the patients. However, researches have always shown that every patient themselves want to relevant as well as proper information about their health and illness. Hence, professionals are advised to speak with that ofsuch female patients regarding their will and preferences to includefamilymembersaboutdifferenthealthcarediscussions.Indifferentappropriate situations, they can prefer speaking to the families before they deliver the critical news to the patients. However, they might wish for highlighting the advantages associated with that of telling patients about the diagnosis as well as to engaging them in the decision-making procedures (Attum, Waheed & Shamoon, 2019.
5NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Maintaining religious practices during the times of ailments: Most of the Muslim women who participated in the interview uttered that they remain very concerned about the maintenance of their religious practices during medical treatments at the healthcare centers. Many of the Muslim women prefer to continue their daily prayers even during the times of their illness and accordingly, they require a neutral space for doing so. These women in the interview exhibited their preferences for halal foods and its absence can act as a barrier for care-seeking (delPino, 2017). One important example is their religious festival of Ramadan. It becomes very important for the healthcare professionals to have a detailed idea about the rituals followed by Muslims during this period. The research paper disclosed that during the 30 days of the festival, Muslims abstain from drinks, foods, and abstain from having sexual relationships during daylight hours. During such times, patients might have newer questions about timing of medications like that of hypoglycemic agents and exercises. In such timings, females are seen to seek for temporary form of birth control for avoiding menstruation for participating in Ramadan (Vu et al., 2016). A lot of issues might be faced by the healthcare professionals during Ramadan. It is expected that Muslim women should be exempted from fasting alongside with conditions like pregnancy,breastfeedingandmenstruatingwomen,elderly,childrenandthoserequiring medication throughout the day. However in many situations, it has been found that patients in the above categories still choose to fast. They believe in its health benefits and thereby they abstain from taking their medications during the day despite the different types of potential health risks. Such scenarios become very difficult for the healthcare professionals to tackle as they develop ethical dilemma in maintaining autonomy of the patients and ensuring beneficence at the same time. In such situations, the article advises that the professionals to respect commitments of the
6NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Muslim womenโs in upholding the prescription for Ramadan (Tackett et al., 2018). They should work with them in close association and customize their care that reduces health risks. This might include proper hydration before that of sunrise and switch to more nocturnal schedule which might prove to be helpful (Attum, Waheed & Shamoon, 2019). Conclusion: From the above discussion, a number of points have come up which can help the healthcare professionals to develop more awareness regarding culturally competent care to Muslim women. Healthcare professionals need to be extremely careful in their approach towards treatment to Muslim women so that the latter do not feel stereotypes of discriminated because of their cultural backgrounds. The professionals should be well aware of the physical appearances like the apparels that they are comfortable with. They should also have the detailed idea about the sensitivity they have regarding physical touches. Care should be also taken by them regarding the religious beliefs that the Muslim women harbor so that there arises no situation of patient dissatisfaction. Genders preferences and disclosure of sensitive information are two areas which also needs to be well-researched and educated by the professionals to ensure high quality care. Such culturally competent care services by the professionals can help in improving health outcomes and quality of care and can thereby help by contributing to the elimination of racial as well as ethnic health disparities in present day United States.
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7NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS References: Attum, B., Waheed, A., & Shamoon, Z. (2019). Cultural competence in the care of Muslim patients and their families. del Pino, F. J. P. (2017). Nurses and Muslim patients: two perspectives on Islamic culture in the hospital.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,237, 1131-1137. Tackett, S., Young, J. H., Putman, S., Wiener, C., Deruggiero, K., & Bayram, J. D. (2018, July). Barriers to healthcare among Muslim women: A narrative review of the literature. InWomen's Studies International Forum(Vol. 69, pp. 190-194). Pergamon. Vu, M., Azmat, A., Radejko, T., & Padela, A. I. (2016). Predictors of delayed healthcare seeking among American Muslim women.Journal of Women's Health,25(6), 586-593.
8NURSING MUSLIM PATIENTS Appendix: Article reviewed: Tackett, S., Young, J. H., Putman, S., Wiener, C., Deruggiero, K., & Bayram, J. D. (2018, July). Barriers to healthcare among Muslim women: A narrative review of the literature. InWomen's Studies International Forum(Vol. 69, pp. 190-194). Pergamon.