A sociocultural approach to memory PDF
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Running head: A SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH TO MEMORY
A SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH TO MEMORY
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:
A SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH TO MEMORY
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:
A SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH TO MEMORY
1
Introduction:
The relationship between humankind and society is one of the oldest relationships that
has supported one another. A study of wide-ranging area with numerous theories is psychology,
and with schools of thoughts it assists in understanding and making sense of human behaviour.
One makes the other in various ways, sometimes society modifies human behaviour and
sometimes it is human behaviour that initiates changes in society. Therefore, in order to
understand one, it is necessary to follow another. Based on the same perception, the psychologist
believes society has a significant role to play in the way human behave. One of the emerging
theory in psychology, sociocultural theory studies the ways significant contributes are made to
individual development (Valsiner & Rosa, 2007). The theory focuses on the relationship between
society and human being, precisely the kind of interaction that takes place between developing
people and the culture where the person lives. According to sociocultural theory, human learning
is mostly a social process. This paper aims to discuss the sociocultural theory to memory and its
importance in psychology. The paper discusses the concept of sociocultural theory and the ways
it is beneficial in understanding human psychology. The theory is not only an emerging theory in
psychology but also a widely used method of analysing individual development.
An introduction to sociocultural theory
The sociocultural theory was developed by a seminal Russian psychologist, Lev
Vygotsky (Woollard & Pritchard, 2013). According to Lev Vygotsky, social interaction played a
crucial role in children’s learning, and it is through social interaction that human learning takes
place. The basic of learning is in the interaction that one does with another in its social
environment. He was a widely known contemporary sociologist similar to other great thinkers
1
Introduction:
The relationship between humankind and society is one of the oldest relationships that
has supported one another. A study of wide-ranging area with numerous theories is psychology,
and with schools of thoughts it assists in understanding and making sense of human behaviour.
One makes the other in various ways, sometimes society modifies human behaviour and
sometimes it is human behaviour that initiates changes in society. Therefore, in order to
understand one, it is necessary to follow another. Based on the same perception, the psychologist
believes society has a significant role to play in the way human behave. One of the emerging
theory in psychology, sociocultural theory studies the ways significant contributes are made to
individual development (Valsiner & Rosa, 2007). The theory focuses on the relationship between
society and human being, precisely the kind of interaction that takes place between developing
people and the culture where the person lives. According to sociocultural theory, human learning
is mostly a social process. This paper aims to discuss the sociocultural theory to memory and its
importance in psychology. The paper discusses the concept of sociocultural theory and the ways
it is beneficial in understanding human psychology. The theory is not only an emerging theory in
psychology but also a widely used method of analysing individual development.
An introduction to sociocultural theory
The sociocultural theory was developed by a seminal Russian psychologist, Lev
Vygotsky (Woollard & Pritchard, 2013). According to Lev Vygotsky, social interaction played a
crucial role in children’s learning, and it is through social interaction that human learning takes
place. The basic of learning is in the interaction that one does with another in its social
environment. He was a widely known contemporary sociologist similar to other great thinkers
A SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH TO MEMORY
2
such as Skinner, Piaget and Freud. He was faced with a very early death at the age of 37 which
suppressed his work in Stalinist Russia until very recently. After publishing his work, it gained
huge attention and his ideas grew extensively influential. Since then, his actions are widely used
in child development, cognitive psychology and education. The concept of sociocultural theory
deals with ranges of perceptions such as the ways adults and peers impact individual learning,
the ways cultural beliefs and attitudes influence the learning and instruction intake process
(Matsumoto & Juang, 2016). According to Vygotsky, children are born with primary biological
constraints on their minds. The culture they are exposed to act as a form of intellectual
adaptation tools. Tools such as this are let children utilise their necessary mental capabilities in a
process that is most adaptive to the culture they are exposed or live.
Difference between Piaget and Vygotsky
The framework of sociocultural theory is mostly associated with Lev Vygotsky only and
not Jean Piaget. When Piaget is thought, he was the first among the social scientist to question
the modality in learning and thinking (Vygotsky, Luriâ & Knox, 2013). The studies conducted
by him were much needed in order to differentiate the instruction of children through the
development level. Also, Jean Piaget was the first one who came up with the suggestion that
thinking and learning are done individually and in one’s parameter of an individual personality
trait.
Therefore, there are differences that exist between the two theorists regarding the
sociocultural theory. There are various ways Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory differ from Piaget’s
theory of cognitive development. Considering Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, there is a great
emphasis on social factors. The theory considers the ways social factors influence development.
However, in the Piaget’s cognitive development the emphasis is on the ways child’ interaction
2
such as Skinner, Piaget and Freud. He was faced with a very early death at the age of 37 which
suppressed his work in Stalinist Russia until very recently. After publishing his work, it gained
huge attention and his ideas grew extensively influential. Since then, his actions are widely used
in child development, cognitive psychology and education. The concept of sociocultural theory
deals with ranges of perceptions such as the ways adults and peers impact individual learning,
the ways cultural beliefs and attitudes influence the learning and instruction intake process
(Matsumoto & Juang, 2016). According to Vygotsky, children are born with primary biological
constraints on their minds. The culture they are exposed to act as a form of intellectual
adaptation tools. Tools such as this are let children utilise their necessary mental capabilities in a
process that is most adaptive to the culture they are exposed or live.
Difference between Piaget and Vygotsky
The framework of sociocultural theory is mostly associated with Lev Vygotsky only and
not Jean Piaget. When Piaget is thought, he was the first among the social scientist to question
the modality in learning and thinking (Vygotsky, Luriâ & Knox, 2013). The studies conducted
by him were much needed in order to differentiate the instruction of children through the
development level. Also, Jean Piaget was the first one who came up with the suggestion that
thinking and learning are done individually and in one’s parameter of an individual personality
trait.
Therefore, there are differences that exist between the two theorists regarding the
sociocultural theory. There are various ways Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory differ from Piaget’s
theory of cognitive development. Considering Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, there is a great
emphasis on social factors. The theory considers the ways social factors influence development.
However, in the Piaget’s cognitive development the emphasis is on the ways child’ interaction
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