The Impact of Sustainable Tourism on the Tourism Industry

The Dynamic Tourism Environment.
Driven by a relatively strong global economy, a growing middle class in emerging
economies, technological advances, new business models, affordable travel costs and visa
facilitation, international tourist arrivals grew 5% in 2018 to reach the 1.4 billion mark,
UNWTO (2019).
Furthermore, export earnings generated by tourism grew to USD 1.7 trillion in 2018, making
the tourism sector a true global force for economic growth and development, driving the
creation of more and better jobs and serving as catalyst for innovation and entrepreneurship.
In short, tourism is building better lives for millions of individuals and transforming
communities.
Then, Covid-19 happened.
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered an unprecedented crisis in the tourism
economy, given the immediate and immense shock to the sector. Revised Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development (2020) statistics estimates on the COVID-19
impact point to 60% decline in international tourism in 2020. This could rise to 80% if
recovery is delayed until December, with unparalleled economic and societal impacts.
However, although Covid-19 is the primary talking point in Tourism currently, it is not the
only force of change within an industry that is susceptible to shocks and crises.
The World Economic Forum (2020) writes “today’s risk landscape is shaped by an unsettled
geopolitical environment in which new centres of power are forming—as old alliances and
global institutions are being tested”. For the economy, “ammunition to fight a potential
recession is lacking, and there is a possibility of an extended low-growth period. Climate
change and related environmental issues are ranked highest in terms of likelihood”.
ABTA (2020) predicted that 2019 would be the year that sustainability issues would go
mainstream and that has proved to be the case, with a spotlight thrown on climate change in
particular. Greta Thunberg and Extinction Rebellion have become household names and there
is an increasing appetite to understand the environmental impacts of travel and tourism.
Tourism can be a tremendous force for good, although impacts on destinations, their natural
environment, economies and communities need to be managed.
This module, and the assessment you are undertaking, will evaluate current trends within
tourism. You will identify key forces of change in the industry and the impacts these changes
have. A discussion on how a tourism stakeholder responds to changes or events that
impact upon the tourism industry will also take place.
Key Reading:
ABTA Travel Trends Report / CAPA / WTTC Publications / Skift / UNWTO Library /
UNWTO Tourism Highlights / Stakeholder Response Strategies / WEF Global Risk
Report

1: Definition Triangulation. Triangulation is the use of more than one method of
research to add depth to data and analysis, contributing to greater confidence in
findings (Bryman, Bell, & Teevan, 2009). Using the triangle below, source three
definitions of “Tourism”. When this has been completed, create your own working
definition of this term.
Journal: Journal of Sustainable
Tourism.
Year: 2019
Author: Higgins-Desbiolle and et.
al.
Definition: Tourism as a key
facet of capitalism is implicated in
these issues and recent concerns
with “over tourism” are only one
symptom of the problem. This
article presents a conceptual
consideration of issues of degrowth
in tourism.
Working Definition:
"The sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of
tourists, business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the
process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors"
Other source:
Year: 1936
Author: League of Nations
Definition: someone
travelling abroad for at least
twenty-four hours". Its
successor, the United
Nations, amended this
definition in 1945, by
including a maximum stay of
Textbook:
Year: 1982
Author: - Spillane
Definition: -
Tourism is an activity to
travel in order to get
pleasure, find satisfaction,
knowing something, improve
health, enjoy sports or a rest,
to fulfil the task, pilgrimages

2: Historical development of Tourism. As a constantly evolving industry, Tourism is in its current position due to a series of major, and
minor, global events. Choose two of these events and discuss the impact they have had on the tourism industry.
Event one:- Commonwealth Games
On the basis of various proofs it can be considered that commonwealth games bringing numerous opportunities for the tourism industry and it
is generalized from the different prospects perspectives that consistent with the geographical perspective, It is analyzed that geographer
contained that tourism cares with the climate, landscape, place, environment that provides an excellent affect on tourism & it’ll be increasing
benefits to the industries facilities & amenities. Consistent with the sociological perspective, it's evaluated that tourism may be a group
action which involved interaction between differing kinds of communities. Most of times it is generalised that, in commonwealth game where
different host are interacted with the guest that encounters various cultures. It’s analyzed from the economic perspective that tourism is
extremely important for a nation because it's the source of exchange earnings, job opportunities, corporate & private income generator,
contributor in government earning and many more (Chaplin and Mendoza, 2017). Some benefits are includes with the assistance of common
wealth games nation getting enjoyed after providing many investment for creating the infrastructure more impressive which aid to draw
in participants also as audience. Commonwealth games also are one among the mega events that can aid nation to extend their tourism sector.
Event Two: - Olympics
There are various types of games are considered by the country, in all these games Olympics is one of the most high rated association of
games. Olympics are contained as the biggest sport event that creates great impact on the tourism sector across the whole world. It is
generally is that, Olympic games require large number of events in which all the games can operate their activities so to maintain all the
events requirement Olympic games mainly concerned about tourism industry . Olympic games continuously upgrading the systematic
consideration and infrastructure in term of countries and cities so that all the requirements of the tourism services can be fulfilled. It is