Accounting Theories and Contemporary Issues in the TPG Telecom Industry

1 ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Introduction 3 Discussion 3 Motives of CSR 5 Extrinsic motives 6 Intrinsic motives 7 Effectiveness of CSR activities 8 Impact of CSR activities 9 Institutional theory related to TPG CSR activity .10 Stakeholder’s theory related to Vodafone and TPG merger11 2 ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Recommendation12 References 13 Introduction The study topic deals with the news related to the corporate social responsibility issues which is

Running head; ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Accounting theory and contemporary issues
Name of the student
Name of the university
Authors note

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Executive summary
The study topic deals with the relevant accounting theories as well as the effectiveness of
those theories. The topic is related to the TPG telecom industry which deals with the CSR
activities related to the process. The study topic deals also with the motives related to the
CSR activities and talks about how the same could be considered as a driving force to the
company. The effectiveness and the impact of the changed policies related to the CSR
activities have also played a key role to this aspect.

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Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................3
Discussion......................................................................................................................3
Motives of CSR..........................................................................................................5
Extrinsic motives....................................................................................................6
Intrinsic motives.....................................................................................................7
Effectiveness of CSR activities..................................................................................8
Impact of CSR activities............................................................................................9
Institutional theory related to TPG CSR activity.....................................................10
Stakeholder’s theory related to Vodafone and TPG merger....................................11
Recommendation......................................................................................................12
References....................................................................................................................13

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Introduction
The study topic deals with the news related to the corporate social responsibility
issues which is considered as a modern day threat now a days for every company. Currently
all the companies are facing some issues related to the corporate social responsibility. This
study report also deals with the issues related to the corporate social responsibility with TPG
company and the effectiveness, and impact of this issues over the company overall. The study
report is supported by a suitable conclusion at the end.
Discussion
The corporate social responsibilities are considered as a major issues. The TPG
telecom is known as one of the major players of telecom sectors from a very longer period of
time. However this company is facing certain corporate social responsibilities issue which is
directly hampering their production and sustainability. Thus from different reviewed articles
there are different accounting theories which have been closely related to the CSR issues of
TPG telecom. There are a large amount of problems which have been faced by the company
over the years. Hence a large amount of problems faced by the studies are related to the
conceptualization and optimization of the key issues, where there is no such proper
methodology and study results. Hence it is important for the company investors to see the
ethics behind it. Apart from this the corporate social responsibility will be negative rather
than positive. Thus the CSR responsibility is highly related to the accounting issues. The
company thus have used different models to describe the CSR responsibility theory. The
outcomes that have reviewed the results have showcased the outcomes and relationships
between the CSR activities and the economic & social responsibilities issues. Hence to
discuss this change a contingency model have been suggested to describe the possible
changes related to the corporate social responsibilities issues overall. This behaviour had

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suggested the strategic changes, relation between the social and performance disclosures and
the needs to be researched. From this model the voluntary and non-voluntary relationships
have been described overall. However there are three types of account theories which have
been described in this process. These are as follows-
 Decision usefulness theories
 Economic theories
 Social and political theories
The decision usefulness theory is considered as an important aspect related to CSR
activities. This theory had suggested that the usefulness of the studies had affected the stock
prices value change towards the prospect. The discrepancy is seen to the academic
community related to the academic changes. Hence the problem makings are highly related to
the facts that the studies do not simply deal with these changes related to financial
stakeholders. Hence these decision making models do not apply a clear theory but the same is
seen as the methodological branch. This process briefly had shown that the application of
theory had a strong sense of conflict with the CSR issues. Hence the CSR issues related to
TPG telecom can be related to the decision usefulness theory. It implies that proper decision
making is to be a key aspect to resolve the CSR issues of this company.
Apart from this the economic theories had been related to the unsatisfactory decision
making approach. Hence it describes about the negative benefits of social disclosure studies.
The main concerns which are related to this aspect are highly concerned about the current
market changes in free market collision from the economic perspective with the market
failure related to the CSR responsibility and a desire to change the current practise. Thus the
economic theories express the high impulsive motivation towards the CSR actions. Hence
this theory could also be related to the ethical issues of TPG telecom industry. It expresses

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the stakeholder’s theory which had been used to discuss the social disclosure studies. As
verified by many authors it have been said that this theory had described the contradiction
relationship which had best described the CSR theories overall. Thus the notion might
influence the social disclosure and to maintain the ethical issues overall. However this model
is positive to deal with CSR issues and can be linked up with the social and political
performance aspects as a whole. Thus it can be said that the social and economic
performance have been highly linked up with the CSR activities in this case. Hence this
theory can also be related to the issues faced by TPG telecom in order to gain sustainability.
Lastly another theory can be linked up with the CSR issues of this company is known as the
employed theory. This theory tests the political hypothesis and non-planned hypothesis. Thus
it can be said that this theory had made some effective decisions to the process of describing
the CSR rules and regulations overall in defining the regulations.
Motives of CSR
Although it is not easy to describe properly the actual definition of CSR, the common
idea is related to the concept that there are many common ideas which have been put forward
by considering the demonstrations related to the social environment towards the need of the
society. The social economic council have addressed the CSR issues as the company
contribution to the social welfare which creates certain economic condition towards the
emphasizing council. Hence the company managers have traditionally focused on the profit
dimension to take care of certain variable decision making. Hence it relates to the impact of
the company operations on the human beings inside and outside the organisation. This policy
have implied on the good labour relationships, health and the safety issues. The ecological
dimension have been related to the company’s environment such as minimising the
contradiction, recycling the overall procedures and to show the management of resources as a

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whole. Hence in this article the main motives related to the CSR activities have been
discussed. These process is of two types namely extrinsic motives and the intrinsic motives.
Extrinsic motives
The extrinsic motives have been contributing to the CSR responsibilities to many
reasons. The first reason is related to the financial motives in which the CSR activities
contributes to the financial aspects over financial performance of the company. Thus many
empirical studies have shown the efficiency to the positive relationships between the CSR
and profitability theory aspects or shareholder value. considering an example relating to this
aspect is that the CSR can improve the company reputations in the consumer market and thus
could help the company to differentiate themselves from the competitors with an aim to
increase the overall sales and market share, investment in the social initiatives can also be
considered as an important as an important aspect to consider by advertising the research and
development. Furthermore a good reputations to the process can also provide the rewards to
TPG telecom employees in reducing the absenteeism and the overall substantial changes
related to profitability and productivity. Apart from this a sound reputation could also lead to
the improvement of the work culture and the work ethics. Hence it is necessary to implement
a positive attitude overall in order to enforce strong commitment from the employees. On the
other hand the firm’s investment to improve the social cost, reduce energy and waste. Further
the voluntary engagement in then CSR activities can help the company to increase the
business rather than to avoid the regulation. For example at the time of entering into the new
market there is a need of having some good CSR responsibility right from the beginning
which could face same level of reputation and Improve resistance as the company rather than
dealing with poor reputation. Thus the companies are dealing with the compliance index
which properly discusses the logical dimensions of the study. Hence it can be said that the

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overall changed aspects related to the extrinsic motivating factors could easily affect the
financial report of the company.
Intrinsic motives
Besides the extrinsic motivating factors, there are intrinsic motives which could well
be included to describe the overall CSR activities related to the company aspect which could
contribute the financial changes. Hence the manager’s personal values and costs can be also
an implementing factor as a whole for the large companies together. Thus the ethical norms
are related to the empirical advantage where the company CEO tends to support the
implementing rules and regulations. Hence the basic process is responsible to apply the
ethical norms for the corporations, middle managers towards implying the social
responsibilities in order to exhibit the values and ethical norms and personal values which
have been added with the managerial decision making. On the other hand the financial
motives are considered as an extrinsic decision making aspect of CSR activities. It provides
the encouragements to the incremental values and ethical perspectives to value the income
profits. The non-profit motives often are related to the intrinsic values and ethics to produce
independent firm benefits overall. Hence there are two types of ethical values have been
provided in this aspect. The moral securities are properly responsible to describe the ethical
altruism and the financial expression changes. Apart from this the moral and ethical
responsibilities which have been highlighted initially to the process in order to contribute
common goods and value addition to maintain social altruism and consequences. Hence the
economic models and the intrinsic benefits from the values by adding some financial benefits
towards the utility functioning system. Similarly the TPG telecom industry had faced certain
moral and the ethical values regarding the prospect. Therefore it is important for the company

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to look into the moral transactional approach and to relate the same aspect with CSR issues
related to TPG telecom.
Effectiveness of CSR activities
In the recent time more emphasis have been provided to describe the effectiveness of
the CSR activities in order reduce the negative impact on the larger community aspects.
These efforts have been shown to the detailed CSR activities. Thus these changes ranges
from the reduction of emission of the wastages to make the employment practises more
effective and genuine. At the first glance the process is to be beneficial for everyone. The
corporates and shareholders have introduced some generating factors that could possibly
influence the company to motivate the employees and properly take decisions for the
betterment of company. However many corporates have engaged in CSR activities is also
considered as a good news to attract the consumer and investors. Thus to sort out the
unethical aspects related to the conduction of regulatory bodies and courts have looked to
limit the company communications about the CSR programmes.
In short the CSR activities are known as a corporation assessment which takes the
responsibility for the company effects on the company environment and the social wellbeing.
However the process does not mean that giving money to the charity and to engage into some
philanthropic activities. CSR activities of the corporation could look to seek the environment,
economic and social consequences to run down the business consequences and look to
compensate for them. Thus there is a need of getting into discussion about the several CSR
activities and how these initiatives could help to regulate the basic changes related to mitigate

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the effective changes for the process. Hence the process is related to define certain initial
activities like-
 Seeking to serve the right customer.
 Atoning the CSR atrocity.
 To serve the right customer before meeting the atrocity.
The primary responsibilities are engaged to CSR values overpricing where these
products could gain some competitive advantage. An example of this scenario related to this
process is the TPG telecommunication company where the current CSR activities will fall
over the wages and benefits and look to reduce the wastages and non-renewable resources
which could be considered as a basic area to consider. Hence this is why the companies need
to be engaged in CSR activities. Apart from this the second and third phrase of this scenario
are related to the basic CSR activities. The environmental policies are related to the TPG
telecom industries is viewed over the sustainability goals, selling of resources and
environment. Thus these are the areas where the TPG telecom company could have looked to
face some issues related to the CSR activities overall (Idow et al 2013).
Impact of CSR activities
The CSR activity is a concept where the business needs to be concerned more than
profit protecting aspect in order to involve into the aspect of the social l responsibility such as
poverty and the hunger. Thus this process is considered as an important aspect to discuss the
ethical standards. The process also treats over how the process deals with shareholders and
customers.
Literature review
Extrinsic factors

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
The studies emphasized the influence of the external and internal motives in respect of the
firm. The decision to engage in the CSR activities attempt to establish a link between the
external pressure such as the shareholders demand, regulation or the peer review and
adaptation of the company CSR practises.
Media attention
Hence the environmental actions taken by the company are considered as an extent to the
media attention. Hence in this process the overall framework drawn by the company will be
looking to maintain the corporate governance and other varieties of techniques in order to
maintain the various practises by the CSR activities of the stakeholders, including the
employee policies.
Employee activities
The government thus plays a significant importance to drive over the employee activities,
endorsements, guidance and other related matters. Hence the overall CSR activities of the
TPG telecom will be considered as a regulatory tool where the government can try to
promote the effectiveness of the formulating concepts and partnership theory related to the
stakeholder’s aspect. Thus in this case the CSR activities related to the TPG telecom will be
implementing a legitimate form of behaviour to the society overall
Intrinsic factors
Social study
Other than that there are some Internal aspects also which is needed to be taken care
of by the company in order to put emphasis over the internal factors overall. On the other
hand the argument process could lead to the activity impact and adopt the process of social
study in the company overall.

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Reporting framework
The CSR activity of TPG telecom works in the area of external and internal affairs. The
reporting frameworks are used to link up between the external and internal factors with that
of the company areas. All these factors are directly linked up with the CSR activity and
determines the key programmes and techniques related to the CSR of TPG Company. The
external factors like media attentions and employee activities are related to the extrinsic
factors while the social study are the intrinsic factors. Hence all these factors are directly
linked up with the CSR activity of the TPG telecom. Therefore the overall reporting
framework deals with the current employee activities of the company overall.
Institutional theory related to TPG CSR activity
The institutional theory had proposed that the CSR activity is strengthened as there is
a mechanism for the communication between different stakeholders and the governmental
institutions which is very much effective for CSR activity. Hence the studies had suggested
CSR ACTIVITYEXTRINSIC
FACTORS
INTRINSIC
FACTORS
MEDIA
ATTENTION EMPLOYEE
ACTIVITIES SOCIAL
STUDY

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
that the explicit CSR activity is very much stronger with an immediate use of institutional
theory for communication mechanisms.
On the other hand the same process is useful for the TPG telecom company which had
higher level of institutional factor and suggested that the CSR activity act as a substitute for
institutionalized coordination of mechanisms related to the stakeholders theory. Hence the
society oriented CSR process and investor oriented CSR process were not correlated to
protect investor rights and employee rights.
Stakeholder’s theory related to Vodafone and TPG merger
The stakeholder’s theory is related to the conceptual framework of business ethics and
organisational management that address the moral and ethical values related to the
management of the business and other organisation. This theory deals about overall
stakeholder’s performance of the corporate stakeholders in the organisation and how the same
could help in improving the growth of the stakeholders. In a recent scenario Vodafone and
TPG telecom of Australia got merged with each other in order to expand the business and to
combine the company assets. In the case of merger of Vodafone and TPG telecom the
stakeholder’s theory includes-
 The other non-government and sustainability opinion, the former is interested to meet
specific issues.
 Because of the merger the network strength is increased the communities have got
benefited.
 The investors, employees and suppliers which are affected by the company business
performance.
Stable cash flows

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ACCOUNTING THEORY AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
The company cash flows are related to the fines and penalties to the governmental
lackness of the lawsuits. Thus the overall changes could be related to the overall working
conditions. Since the cash flow statement is an important aspect of the TPG telecom industry
as a whole.
Recommendation
Hence it can be recommended that the stakeholder’s theory and the institutional
theory had been very much effective and looks to implement the same within the business
regulations. On the other hand the merger between Vodafone and TPG telecom had been
done just to expand the business and acquire assets. It is further also recommended that the
customer satisfaction, cash flow statement and the CSR activity will be very useful to the
context also.
Conclusion
Hence from this study it is to be concluded that the CSR activities of TPG telecom
industry have been very much effective to provide an overall idea of the corporate ethical
changes and the other related aspects. Hence from this aspect it is seen that the different
accounting theories and aspects which are related to the economic theories, political and
economic theories towards the rules and regulations. On the other hand the motives, impact
and the effectiveness of the CSR activities will play a crucial role towards delivering
sustainability and impact of the organisational culture and ethical aspects overall.

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References
Boulouta, I. and Pitelis, C.N., 2014. Who needs CSR? The impact of corporate social
responsibility on national competitiveness. Journal of business ethics, 119(3), pp.349-364.
Fooks, G., Gilmore, A., Collin, J., Holden, C. and Lee, K., 2013. The limits of corporate
social responsibility: techniques of neutralization, stakeholder management and political
CSR. Journal of business ethics, 112(2), pp.283-299.
Hoi, C.K., Wu, Q. and Zhang, H., 2013. Is corporate social responsibility (CSR) associated
with tax avoidance? Evidence from irresponsible CSR activities. The Accounting Review,
88(6), pp.2025-2059.
Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Gupta, A.D., 2013. Encyclopedia of corporate social
responsibility (Vol. 21). New York: Springer.
jiraporn, P., Jiraporn, N., Boeprasert, A. and Chang, K., 2014. Does corporate social
responsibility (CSR) improve credit ratings? Evidence from geographic identification.
Financial Management, 43(3), pp.505-531.
Kolk, A., 2016. The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the
environment to CSR and sustainable development. Journal of World Business, 51(1), pp.23-
34.
Petrenko, O.V., Aime, F., Ridge, J. and Hill, A., 2016. Corporate social responsibility or
CEO narcissism? CSR motivations and organizational performance. Strategic Management
Journal, 37(2), pp.262-279.

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Spence, L.J., 2016. Small business social responsibility: Expanding core CSR theory.
Business & Society, 55(1), pp.23-55.
Unit, B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility.

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Transcript
The overall theory had looked to provide some effective viewpoint towards the
aspects of the CSR responsibilities. In the first section of this topic various accounting
theories have been addressed towards the end. The theories like economic, political and
dysfunctional theories have been addressed over TPG telecom industry.
The second phrase is related to the motivation of the CSR responsibilities and the
basic factor which drives the force towards the effectiveness of this theory. Hence it can be
proved that the responsibilities have been engaged to making an effective change to the
policy.
The last phrase is related to the effectiveness and the impacts of the changes subjected
to the CSR responsibilities as a whole. Thus different points which have been addressed in
this context determines the impact of the changes.
On the other hand the stakeholders theory related to the merger between the Vodafone
and TPG telecom had been also considered as a key issue overall. The merger between
Vodafone and TPG had been creating a lot of issues and certain misconception had been
occurred during that merger period.