Adani Coal Incident in India and the Rising Problem for Australia

The report discusses the Adani Coal incident in India and the proposed venture in Australia, and evaluates the financial, economic, and environmental impacts. The report also suggests some effective movements against Adani and recommendations for the same.

Running head: APPLIED RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Overview of the Adani incident.................................................................................................3
Overview of Adani group...........................................................................................................4
The impact of coal spill devastation...........................................................................................5
Illegal dredging and cleaning.....................................................................................................6
Water pollution disaster.............................................................................................................7
Trashes indigenous rights...........................................................................................................7
Wrecking climate.......................................................................................................................8
The Great Barrier Reef Effect..................................................................................................10
The method of research............................................................................................................11
Financial Beneficiary Aspect...................................................................................................12
Economic Beneficiary Aspect..................................................................................................14
The positive effects of mining in General (Pros of Mining Projects)......................................15
The Negative impacts of mining (Cons of Mining Projects)...................................................16
Build some effective movement against Adani.......................................................................17
Taking actions and connect the labour members.....................................................................19
Recommendation......................................................................................................................20
Conclusion................................................................................................................................21
References................................................................................................................................23

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Topic: Adani Coal incident in India and the rising problem for Australia, as the
company has proposed to start a new venture in Central Queensland, Australia.
Introduction
Mining projects are considered to be one of the best sources of income generation and
contributor of goods and services in the country. Mining projects if planned and monitored
carefully accrue positive benefits to the country under consideration. These benefits generally
include economic, technological and financial benefits (Moore 2018). It helps in opening up
huge economic frontiers in the long run through the building of short-run employment cycles
in the economy. Further, it helps in the excavation and production of huge amounts of
minerals and metals which are further used for extremely useful purposes especially in
already developed countries (Froylandet al. 2018). However, in certain cases, the mining
projects are not able to cater to the costs incurred in the form of huge amounts of investments
and are unable to pay back the loans or carry out the required amounts of refinancing for the
investments done. This, in turn, causes the reduction of the values of shareholder equity for
the existing shareholders of the firm. In the long run thus, the employment rates generated by
these mining projects are lost resulting in reduction of employment rates below the original
level.
The Adani Coal Project is one such case which resulted in long-term financial loss for
India and is now trying to diversify through investment in Australia so that the amount of
coal excavated can be exported to India to yield further benefits (Rikhtegar et al. 2014).
Although this firm is being expected to accrue short-term benefits in the form of increased
taxes and royalties to the government of Australia, and the generation of employment, in the
long run, this project is being expected to fail at large (Currell et al. 2017). The various
aspects of this project are discussed and studied in detail in this report and the financial,
economic, environmental impacts of this project are also studied. Further, the rising number

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of movements against this project and the impact of this project on the Greta Barrier Reef are
also evaluated.
Overview of the Adani incident
The Adani accident was one of the devastating incident in India as the coal-fired
power plant in Mundra in Kutch district was under threat. The accident happened on 20th
April 2016 in 4600 MW power plant unit. The situation was unexpected and some of the
people died in that incident. The situation was not in control and protective measures were
not taken as the situation was so spontaneous. The emergency control process was there in
the coal fire plant but the time of execution was not implemented due to the scarcity of the
problem. Hot water splashed from the pipeline and 21 workers were burned through the
process (Langham & Mathias, 2018). 13 people were in critical condition and they were
shifted to a hospital in Ahmedabad by the office administration. The risk management
authority worked promptly but the severe condition of those employees turned in death. One
person died on the way and six other died afterwards during the treatment. Out of 13 people,
the company lost their 7 people and this was a complete threat to the employee security and
their effective work culture. On the accident day, nine units of Mundra Power Plant, hot
water splashed from the vent in a flash tank, where some streams are normally allowed to
vent. There was a two-day off before the incident, so the process of security was questionable
at that time.
The company is liable for their employees’ health and safety process and in this case
Adani Group needs to take the responsibilities. Through, the company tried their level best to
protect these labours but the disaster could not be avoided. A cross-functional team was
created at that time to investigate the matter. High-quality treatment was provided at that time
but the consequences were not changed. So the reputation of the company has not formed that
point in time. Adani Group is the biggest Indian multinational conglomerate and giant source

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of energy, resources, real estate, defence, aerospace, logistics and financial services. The
group is India's main port originator and operator. So the expansion of the business is large
and they try to enhance their business level in Australia.
Overview of Adani group
Adani group is the leading largest house with the revenue generation of $11 billion.
The company was founded in 1988 and the application of global integrated infrastructure was
high, and over the base of this, growing and developing aspects are formed. The betterment
of society and ensure development of that is the prime focus of the company. They have
some responsibilities to cater and they have taken some initiatives for that. The values of the
Adani group are Courage, Trust, and Commitment. Courage is the only thing that motivates
them for the accomplishment of their short and long-term goal (Stopadani.com, 2018).
Leaders of the company trust their employees and that will initiate a value of employees.
They believe in their stakeholders as well. The commitment of doing work and promises to
adhere high standard of business is the basic value of the company.
The values are ensuring the revenue generation of the company and that accumulated
in US$ 11. 674 billion as per the financial year of 2017. The total asset of the company is
US$ 27.076 billion (FY 2017) and that is the reason penetration in other nations is projected.
More than 11,000 employees are associated with the company and that will encourage the
company to leap forward and make some effective steps in progress. There is some allegation
over the company as well like they diverted the fund and used in Dubai Shell Company and
the impactful issue of Gujarat accident. The health and security of the company is the main
aspect in that case. The vision of Adani group is to spread their business globally and
enhance their speed of execution and providing quality operation in business (Stopadani.com,
2018). The prime cultures of the company are passion. Results integration, dedication and
entrepreneurship. The process of performing through enthusiasm is the culture of this

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process. The results are measured by constant achieving of goals and they are improving in
that aspect. The process of finding new opportunities and initiative for the development of
business (Jamero et al., 2017). The problem arises in that situation is the penetration of the
company in Australia and their effect on the Great Barrier Reef. There are some initiatives
that Adani has taken for Australian civilians but the environmental damage will be
confronted due to the company is severe and that is the main highlighting aspect of that
research.
The impact of coal spill devastation
There were different issues that highlight the history of Adani and their disruption,
fraud and corruption cases are considered a horrific record for the organisation. The company
is currently seeking to build $22 billion Carmichael Coal Mine and a Rail project next to
Great Barrier Reef (Stopadani.com, 2018). The Indian energy giants will destroy the
ecological balance and mining effect will hinder the ecological system as well as the overall
destruction of nature (Raj, Mathews & Edward, 2015). The tourism will be affected and
ocean pollution rates will be high. Coal spill devastation is one of the trending issues on that
time. In the year of 2011, one of the chartered ships of Adani Enterprise sunk off at the
coastal area of Mumbai. The clean-up process has not done by Adani group since then. The
spill destroyed the mangroves, polluted beaches, and that encountered a serious damage in
marine life and tourism industry.
The issues highlighted imprecision and negligence of the company and that impacted
on the social life. 60,000 tonnes coals and massive amount of oil mixed in that case and entire
marine life is under threat (Stopadani.com, 2018). The Adani authority didn’t take any
responsibilities and coal devastation marked as red in their maintenance history (Edward et
al., 2018). The same situation can be repeated in Australia and that is the key concern of the
civilians and they raise some movements against Adani. In Australia, the Carmichael Mine

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would enhance to 120 million tonnes per year of greenhouse gas releases to the Earth’s air,
mostly from the burning of the coal. Expansion of the mine and related substructure would
also allow the advancement of numerous other inferior quality thermal transfer mines planned
for the distant and so far unexploited Galilee Basin.
Illegal dredging and cleaning
The environmental harm and recorded hazards are creating problems for Adani as
well as for the entire nation. Due to non-cleaning situation, 75 hectares of protected
mangroves were ruined. Flattened sand dunes and blocked waterways were the major
problem in that case. The local villagers were catastrophic and their entire professions are
based on fish farming. The situation was impacted on the land as they come barren. Illegal
dredging like black money in coal costing and coal fire power makes most of the illegal
hiring and money lending (Stopadani.com, 2018). There are six Adani Group companies are
in the exploration for deceitful use of quality and, henceforth assessment, of coal smuggled
from Indonesia, permitting them to grow with accusing higher values, demanding public
haunts, and lashing up prices for Indian energy and electricity for customers. There is
concrete substantiation that they’ve already ragged off their clients to the turnover $200
million AUD (Stopadani.com, 2018). These are some situations that initiate mistrust over the
company as they have already committed so many hazards to the company. There are some
long and deceptive campaigns are going against the Carmichael mine and Adani, but the
process is not effective as the government support is there with the company. In case of
trading diamond and gold jewellery, Adani ripped odd tax payments and laundering money
while trading those items. A special investigation was taken place at that moment but the
company is not accountable in that case.
In the coastal town, the incident of Adani has made a severe nightmare for the
employees as well as the environmentalists. The groundwater became saline, fish stocks are

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annihilated and that damage the entire scenario of the environment. In Australia, "Prosecute
Adani" stop the mining process has started and the secretly dealing with Queensland's
groundwater is the concern issue in that case. There was no respect of legislation or the
implementation of the law. The groundwater is the surviving aspect for the human beings and
if it not being stopped then entire consequences will be drastic. The process of drilling is not
acknowledged by the local civilians and raise their banner and slogan against the entire
process.
Water pollution disaster
This is the only movement that can save the water of Australia. Adani draws a billion
litres of water from the great artesian and other precious basins. The level of water is needed
in those places are not adequate. The scarcity in water problem is being vivid in such cases.
The company also not taking bother about the water uses as they utilise as much water as
they need. The situation is not productive for the nation as the required amount of water is
needed in that process is not levelled in the right way (Jolley, 2018). Each year, the company
extracted billions of water form ground. The system of groundwater is under threat and that
produce a permanent drop of water level. The mine will drain water from rare Doongmabulla
and Mellaluka Springs, both these places are ecologically significant. Extract water from
these places is basically losing last hope for the nation. The supportive native flora and fauna
for the last millions of years is the heritage of the nation and that will be under threat at that
moment.
The use of water will be a threat for the Great Artesian Basin as this is the most
important water source for Australia. Half of Australia is catered by that so the effectiveness
of that source is also important. The spoil and damage of land along with the water is also
considered a loss for the nation and they have allocated some movements but the execution is
the major problem in that case.

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Trashes indigenous rights
The ancestral lands, waters and cultures of indigenous people are the concerning
aspect of this case. The local Wangan and Jagalingou people are not agreed with the project
and that impacted over the expansion of business (Jolley, 2018). Adani is pushing their plans
and ensures the water laws in business. The native and indigenous position of the company is
important and that affect the tradition of the nation, thus they protest against the company.
Queensland Government also helped to clear the last major hurdle for Adani so that it
can proceed with the $22 billion projects in Australia. Two types of groups are fighting to
stop this project, first one is telling about the bankruptcy of Adani and the second one is
telling about the Great Barrier Reef. Australian Conservation Foundation is assumed about
the court challenge for the aborigine people so that they can support the judicial process
(Stopadani.com, 2018). The rights of indigenous peoples to the full enjoyment of all human
rights, non-discrimination, self-determination and autonomy, maintenance of Indigenous
institutions, and the right to a nationality. Freedom from genocide, forced assimilation or
destruction of culture, forced relocation from land, right to integrity and security of the
person, and right to belong to an indigenous community or nation. Information and labour
rights provide the right to education, including to run own educational institutions and teach
in language; cultures to be reflected in education and public information; access to media
Wrecking climate
Mining is the very first step in the life cycle of the coal and when the coal mine starts
producing coals, the communities are pressurised to leave their land off because of various
reasons like expanding the coal mines, subsidence and coal fires and overused of
contaminated water. Coal mine wrecks the environment and the climate by destroying the
soils and forests. After mining, the problem leaves behind and the problem persists for
decades (Pandey, Agrawal & Singh, 2016). In Australia, aborigine people face the issue of

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coal excavation and Australians Greenpeace campaign tries to help the communities by
stopping the coal mines and spend up to the shift to 100% clean and safe renewable energy.
Adani Group wants to enter Australia and it would also harm the climate and ecosystem. At
first, strip mining harms the trees, topsoil and the plants in the nearby areas as the mountains
blast apart to find out the coal seams. In addition, coal mining also harms and contaminates
the water. Coal mining increases the chemical contamination in the water. Australia is
surrounded by mainly barren lands and the coal mines uproot the trees and make the area
barren. In the underground, the longwall mines, room and pillar and columns are used to
make the structure of the ground pillar. When mining is done, it makes subsidence and the
water is drained away. Coal mines also create the methane and carbon-dioxide disrupts the
climate over the long time span (Niu et al., 2018).
In Australia, the people may face the issue of pollution when they observe more
burning coal. Coal may lead to the extreme weather in Great Barrier Reef and it may lead to
bleach the reef further. Adani coal mine will be closer to the Great Barrier Reef and Australia
is at the bottom list in reducing the greenhouse gas emission. Adani’s Coal may cancel out
any good which would be achieved from Australia’s greenhouse emission. Australia has set
the target of reducing the greenhouse gas emission between 2020 and 2030; however, burning
the coal would fail towards achieving the target (Smith, 2017). Heatwaves are number one
among all the natural disasters, droughts, bushfire and floods. The heatwaves and other
weather events in Australia are becoming frequent as the result of recent climate change. As
stated by Gleeson (2017), Adani’s mine may drive change in Australia as burning coal from
the mine will kill large tracts of the Great Barrier Reef in next 20 years. In recent time, the
world is agreed to decrease the carbon emission to reduce the catastrophe of the global
warming. The Australian government is pursuing the Adani’s coal mine and approving the
project may open up the entire Galilee Basin to nine other mines.

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1 2 3 4 5 6
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
0.25
0.38
0.46
0.52
0.65
0.78
Australia's climate has warmed since
1970s
Figure 1: Australia’s temperature 10 years average (degree Celsius)
(Source: Hendryx & Luo, 2017)
The Great Barrier Reef Effect
Apart from the most widespread and obvious cause of concern regarding the financial
massacre that the Adani project is being expected to cause, the other most important adverse
impact that the project is being expected to cause is the destruction of the Great Barrier Reef.
According to environmentalists, the establishment of the Carmichael mine will cause a
widespread negative impact on the reef by bleaching and raising the temperature of the water
around the reef which prohibits survival of the corals (Terms of Service Violation, 2018).
The undertaking of this project will almost inevitably cause the rise in temperatures such that
this will lead to global warming which in turn will cause massive destruction for the Great
Barrier Reef. Further, apart from indirectly affecting the coral in the Great Barrier Reef with
the increase in the temperatures of the water through mining, this project will also render
direct impacts on the corals of the Great Barrier Reef. It is being reported that the coal mine
will be exported to India through the coast of Queensland from the Abbot Point. This point is
located directly opposite to the Great Barrier Reef and so the intensity of risks related to

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spillages and collisions are heightened. It will also increase the amount of dust affecting the
corals thus increasing the chances of destruction.
Further, there will also be a scenario of increased dredging because of the expansion
of the mine to accommodate larger amounts of coal. This, in turn, will cause stirring up of the
sediments in the portion of the ocean surrounding the reef. This, in turn, will block the
sunlight from the corals and cause them to be destroyed gradually and slowly (Slezak, 2018).
Although, the government of Australia is involved in actively framing policies and
regulations that will help in conserving the crowns of starfish as well as the corals, the total
amount of pollution that will cause adverse impacts on the corals will be too large to be
completely compensated. The adverse impacts on the reefs will also include deterioration of
the health of the reefs. Since the initiation of the project, the reef has bleached thrice already
in one year. The reef is being reported to be at a distance of four hundred kilometres from the
mining area and so the effects will be substantial and no amount of money spent on the
conservation of the reefs will efficiently work or be viable. Pollution of the Great Barrier
Reef will also extend increased damages to the entire ecological balance of the ecosystem of
Queensland as a whole. As a matter of fact, the entire marine ecosystem is already
vulnerable and will further be worsened because of the existing situation. This will, in turn,
harm the climate of the place as a whole and also cause the onset of adverse situations for
people being employed in the mine. The effect is being estimated to be multiplied because of
the vessels that will be passing along the waterways where the coral is situated.
The method of research
In collecting the data for the research, the researcher can collect both primary and
secondary data. In this research project, the researcher has collected only secondary data.
Collecting primary data for this particular research would be strenuous and it would not be
possible to reach to the core of the issue and Adani management. Reaching to the affected

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people and the environment through primary research could not be done. Therefore, the
researcher has used only secondary data sources. The researcher has utilised journals, online
articles, websites, newspapers, web videos, magazines and online credible blogs. In addition,
online news media was very powerful assistance in order to collect the data for the research.
India energy giant Adani’s entry to Australia created hullabaloo in population. Most of the
secondary data has been collected and analysed through desktop research. Secondary data is
inexpensive and it can be collected through obtained rapidly (Quinlan et al., 2017).
Secondary data is easily gettable and the information is easily accessible from the internet
and from the printed media. Secondary data in this research has provided help to gain insights
for more of the formal research.
Secondary data in this research has been analysed with the approach of the qualitative
data analysis. Qualitative data are mostly observation and non-numerical data. Qualitative
data has helped the researcher to do the exploratory research understanding the underlying
motivations, opinions and the reasons. The researcher has strived to gain the insight of the
issue of Carmichael coal mine in Australia which has created an issue in coral bleaching.
Financial Beneficiary Aspect
The Adani incident is being expected to have positive externalities in Australia, unlike
the situation it had created in India. Although this is a very risky undertaking venture and the
outcomes which are being expected are very sceptical, reports suggest that the situation in
Australia will widely be different from the one that was created in India. This is so because
there is not an existing situation of the lack of continuous funds in Australia unlike the
situation was in India. This has been proven by the already established financial aims of the
venture. The company has been able to essentially provide jobs for around 800 people and at
the same time been able to invest a total amount of 3.3 billion dollars in Australia. It has
entered Australia in the year 2010 by acquiring Abbot Point Operations that was worth 16.5

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billion Australian dollars (Sengupta, 2018). Further, the scepticism regarding the success of
the financial ventures of the firm has reduced as it has grown substantially in the past few
years. This has been possible widely due to the increase in the price of coal from 50 US
dollars per tonne to 69 US dollars per tonne. Some reports, however, suggest that the 3.5
billion dollars debt-funded investment of the firm is greatly at risk and the total amount of
debt refinancing that the company will need to do by the end of 2020 will amount to a total of
$2.11 billion (Financial Times, 2018). The company is being reported to have negative equity
for the shareholders and an excess of financial leverage which might again cause the firm to
create a situation similar to that which was created in India. Again, at the same time it is
reported that currently, the firm is working at half the full amount of capacity available, that
is, it is operating at half capacity utilisation. Thus, the firm needs to increase the amount of
production at operating at the full capacity utilisation levels to better the situation at least in
the financial context.
It is very important to note that in the face of such huge risks and challenges that the
venture has continually been facing, the firm has managed to invest a total of $21 billion not
only in the mining industry but also other industries including railway (AMMA, 2018). The
company's substantial investment in the infrastructures of railway and port has led to
bolstering of the economy and has accrued growth for these sectors as well. Further, this act
undertaken by the firm has resulted in the creation of 10,000 jobs in these sectors and has also
resulted in the making and opening up of opportunities for a number of small and medium-
sized business. This, in turn, has led to the boosting of economic growth in the rural areas.
The life of operation of the project is being expected to be at an age of ninety years which
will be responsible for generating a series of economic growth generating cycles for the entire
economy of Queensland as a whole.

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Economic Beneficiary Aspect
According to many reports the Adani project is being estimated to accrue huge
economic benefits for Australia as a whole. The opening up of jobs because of the onset of
the project will cause the federal and the state budgets of the country to be buttressed. This
again will cause the major opening up of a complete economic frontier. This is so because,
over the span of its entire lifetime (which is approximately 90 years), the firm will be
responsible for paying huge amounts of revenues and taxes and even royalties to the
Australian government. Precisely, the number of jobs that will be created in the different
sectors include 13,000 jobs in the railway and 1464 jobs in the core mining sector along with
few thousand other jobs being created indirectly. Further, with the removal of commercial
and regulatory barriers, the firm will be able to project will be able to generate even greater
returns, not only for the employees but also for the Australian economy as a whole.
Further, the present unemployment rate of Australia is at a level of 5.9 per cent which
is completely unacceptable and the rate is even higher if young individuals are only
considered. Thus, it is very important to accept the challenges and go ahead with the project
as Australia is already reported to have lost resource project worth of $160 billion. However,
all the positive benefits that will be accrued to the Australian employees is being deemed to
be short run in the sense that if the project fails, they will end up losing their respective jobs.
This will again cause the unemployment rates to increase to new levels.
Again, it is also reported at the same time, that earlier mining used to account for 4%
of the total amount of production of goods and services (Gross Domestic Product) in
Australia (Gittins, 2018). On the other hand, now with the value of the physical capital of the
mining industry increasing by four times, this sector accounts for an approximate of 7% of
the total Gross Domestic Product generated in Australia. If this level of contribution is

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weighed against the existing workforce, it only accounts for a total of about 2% of the
workforce in Australia. This accounts for a total number of 230,000 people in the country.
Thus, on the complete analysis of the existing situation of the project in an economic
context, it is seen that the project will help in reducing unemployment rates and provide an
increased number of opportunities in the rural areas of the country. There will also be a
reduction in the rate of unemployment in Australia due to the increased number of job
creation. However, the most important contribution of this project will be in the form of
payment of huge amounts of taxes and royalties to the government of Australia for the entire
lifespan of the project. Again, as the project is facing a lot of debt refinancing, it is being
estimated that the economic benefits being expected will only be short-lived and will not
leave the country at a bettered in the long run.
The positive effects of mining in General (Pros of Mining Projects)
In any developed economy or society the use of minerals and metals is considered to
be of utmost importance. This contributes to the manufacturing and production of goods and
services. The implementation or introduction of a mining project will most definitely in
increasing the Gross Domestic Product of a country (Loayza, and Rigolini 2016). Further, it
will also help in the generation of jobs and lead to the increase in the level of employment for
the country or state where the mining project is undertaken. It also helps in accruing other
benefits like low-cost electricity, and the building of transport facilities and other
infrastructure that in turn helps to bolster the ongoing amount of economic activity in the
country. It also helps in creating a series of short-run economic frontier cycles in the long run
which will help to increase the number of available opportunities for the younger generation
of the country.

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Properly planned and framed mining projects can help in increasing the entire amount
of investment in the other industries related to the mining industry (Boiral 2016). This, in
turn, causes a rise in the employment generation in those sectors and industries as well. It also
helps the firm in increasing the amount of taxes and royalties from the project under
consideration. The government can, in turn, use the amount of these taxes and royalties
collected for public spending and increase the net disposable income of the country as a
whole. If the environmental conditions are catered to properly and the necessary steps are
taken to secure the environmental concerns from the very beginning, the negative impacts if
any on the environment can also be reduced or even completely eliminated. In fact without
the existence of mining projects life would still be primitive or underdeveloped as in the third
world countries. Mining projects with huge investments can in fact help in building
communities which will, in turn, thrive with better means of living and reduced amounts of
poverty.
The Negative impacts of mining (Cons of Mining Projects)
Even though there are numerous types of positive effects and benefits accrued out of
mining, the negative impacts of mining especially on the environment cannot be completely
ignored. In fact, mining projects if not framed and regulated properly can cause the maximum
amounts of detrimental impacts on the environment and the ecosystem of the community
where the project is operated. In the context of the environment, the mining projects can
cause contamination of soil, pollution of water and air and loss of the biodiversity of the
community as a whole. In fact, mining projects are also responsible for deteriorating the level
of public health as a whole. This is especially true of the employees directly employed in the
mining grounds as they are continuously exposed to hazardous health conditions in terms of
temperature, dust, environmental disasters and so on.

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Again, there will also be increased detrimental impacts on the marine ecosystems and
water bodies if the mining projects are built near them (Pimentel, Gonzalez and Barbosa
2016). Mining can cause increased toxicities in the streams, lakes, oceans and other adjoining
water bodies of the mining project. The increased levels of toxins in the water bodies cause
marine plants and animals to be threatened and their health gets affected negatively to the
extent that they might cease to exist. This generates a cycle of imbalance in the ecosystem as
a whole. Sometimes if this toxic water is used for irrigation leads to the widespread loss in
terms of agriculture and cultivation.
Apart from that, the increased levels of mining activities and projects will involve a
lot of activities that will also induce harmful effects and impacts on the air and the
atmosphere of the surrounding areas. These activities include hauling, blasting, collection,
transportation and immense amounts of soot and other air pollutants emitted during the
operational activities of mining (Sonter, Barrett and Soares‐Filho 2014). This, in turn, causes
global warming causing rising temperatures and phenomenon like the acid rain. This, in turn,
impacts the respiratory systems of living organisms in the region by causing chronic diseases.
Global warming also causes impacts on the marine systems by increasing the water levels and
the temperatures of the water (Zhang and Moffa 2015). It also causes sedimentation to
increase in the water bodies which is also responsible for reducing the amount of sunlight
available to the marine creatures. Contamination of the surface water also causes widespread
occurrence diseases (Rikhtegar et al. 2014). The most important negative impact of mining
that occurs if the process is not well planned and well framed is the situation of deforestation
that causes widespread loss of flora and fauna (Rainey et al. 2015). This also causes loss of
soil fertility and changes the composition of the soil in general. Once the mining project or
activity ceases, the land is rendered useless in the sense that it can neither be used for
agricultural, residential or industrial purposes.

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Build some effective movement against Adani
In Australia, Adani Energy Group failed in meeting the promise of job creation and
financial milestone by spending almost AU$16.5 billion when they came up with Carmichael
mine in Australia. However, Adani Group demanded that they have already spent almost
AU$3.3 billion and they have already employed 800 employees in Australia (Jolley, 2018).
The common people in Australia have been protesting not to welcome Adani in Australia as
it would harm the environment, society and the climate of Australia. Millions of people in
Australia have already protested and taken action to stop the dangerous mine of Adani.
However, the common people have been facing the issue from fossil fuel lobby by spending
millions in advertising. The common people using the protest by saying that the lobby has the
money and the people have the power to bring the change. The people in Australia want to
join the movement named #StopAdani group and this movement has brought the people
together. This movement also brought the side of ‘stop coal’ movement in Australia
(Stopadani.com, 2018). #StopAdani movement has the community resources as hundreds of
local groups are coming over to protest across the nation. #StopAdani campaign has started
its promotion and campaigning in Flickr and Vimeo channel.
Adani’s coal mine business is going ahead by taking political support from both major
political parties in Australia. Therefore, #StopAdani movement is trying to put pressure on
LNP and in order to gain the political support; the group needs to generate relentless,
unprecedented and organised political pressure. #StopAdani movement is trying to make the
meetings of the MPs and they are also doing the crowd-sourcing to make a fund. In addition,
the group is also contacting for Australian Labour party branches. This agency has prepared
email template and in this email template; the members of the organisation use the talking
points. The group has also been able to pass the motions in the Australian Labour Party.
Adani has the approval from the federal and state level to dig the mine; however, a maximum

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of the Australian people oppose the Adani's mine (The Guardian, 2018). The group has
already applied to Chinese and Australian banks not to give the loan and the group has also
pressured the Queensland government to provide a veto to AU$ 1 billion in loans.
Taking actions and connect the labour members
The first action that the Group has taken too was to spread the movement to the street
by street. On 6th and 7th October 2017, the group has taken the street to do the protest and the
members of the group did the National Doorknock protest to save the community. There were
three types of National Doorknock; at first, the members of the group did the ‘knock the
block' and then the members also did the ‘knock the suburb and town’ and the members also
did the ‘join a doorknock’ movement (Bell & Hindmoor, 2017). The group members ordered
the signs and flyers so that they could spread the message to the members of the community.
In addition, the members of the group have prepared a short film where they are showing the
ill effects of a coal mine in Australia. This 30 minutes documentary is trying to capture the
passion and power of individuals who have taken and who are taking the action to stop Adani
to build one of the largest coal mines in Australia. This coal mine will put the threat to Great
Barrier Reef by doing the coral bleaching. The group members have been doing the rallies in
the metropolitan cities so that they can reach wider audiences in Sydney and in Melbourne.
Not only Australians but other countries' fishermen come to catch the fish at oceans; after the
coal mining, the numbers of fish would be reduced. The group members are demanding that
the workers of Adani come to the site by drilling into the old groundwater. Therefore,
#StopAdani movement makers are trying to promote the incident as the failure of Adani
where Adani group has been caught red-handed by breaking the laws (Stopadani.com, 2018).
#StopAdani movement in Australia has brought tremendous success to abstain Adani
Group to come up with coal mine concept and the group has been doing the work together.
There are many of the labour members who want to stop Adani. There are many of the

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members who help Adani to visit Australia with leadership and there are some Labour
members who want to stop Adani. Therefore, it would be the responsibility of group
members to bring all the members of the Labour party in one row. The group members want
to connect to the Labour members, Labour councillors and Labour branches so that they
could help them to oppose Adani. Adani Group wanted to make the rail-link to Carmichael
project; however, the project has been facing the issue from the indigenous group and the
environmentalists. In addition, the Australian Conservation Foundation also has taken action
to stop the coal mine as this mega-mine would come up with tonnes of pollution. This would
lead to global warming and it will also damage the Great Barrier Reef (Dobele et al., 2018).
The Great Barrier Reef is one of the traditions of Australia and the people of Australia will
stand for the reef. Millions of people in Australia also have stood for the reef and it has
started with the biggest campaign in the history of Australia. Australian Conservation
Foundation has already blocked more than 25 banks to provide funding to Adani.
Recommendation
Australian government at the onset of Adani's coal mining offer thought that coal
mines would create the thousands of the employment opportunity in Australia; however, most
of the employment would be the short-term basis. Adani Group wanted a loan from
Australian government; however, the Australian government needed $5 billion in funds so
that they can open up with the economic frontier for Australia. Adani project is an economic
benefit for Australia and the Australians want economic and environmental sustainability
rather than sustainable mining. Sustainable mining is a contradictory term as mining
materials support almost 45% of the world's economic activities. However, large-scale
mining always leaves with environmental and social scars.
Adani Group should come up with the advanced, comprehensive environmental
protection measures so that the organisation must be sensitive to the personnel on issues of

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sustainability. Adani group should try to improve the environmental performance by taking
the permission from the government. It has been noticed that the Australians do not like the
project of Adani because of ill-treatment of nature. It is also the fact that illegal mining is
responsible towards the degradation of the environment at large. Therefore, Adani should
work on following the legal area.
Adani Group should talk to the members of #StopAdani so that the management of
the organisation can understand what the demands of the members of the group are. Talking
face-to-face can help to sort out the issues of the management. Both the parties have a good
political connection and without intimating the politics; they can sort out the issues at large.
Adani Group needs to come up with the benevolence issue for the common people so that the
common people can solve the issue carefully. Political interference can turn the condition
grim. Adani Group can provide the employment in long-term and Adani Group can also solve
the issue by providing all the necessary things. Adani Group is already famous in India and
two major pre-conditions to achieve the sustainability is the good-governance along with self-
regulating. These both conditions must be applied to Australia in order to get the success.
In order to clear the brand image of the organisation, Adani Group can come up with
the CSR strategies. These strategies will show what would be the key benefits to have the
coal mine. Sustainability principles can be followed in Australia where it shows that
exploration comes first with mine planning and mineral extraction process. Adani Group
needs to start with the mine closure and post-reclamation process so that the place does not
become an obsolete and secluded one. In addition, Adani can start the rehabilitation in order
to improve the social and physical infrastructure along with the development of stakeholder
management.

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Conclusion
To conclude it can be asserted that this particular mining project will both positive
and negative impacts on the community of Queensland. However, the negative impacts of the
project will not be compensated by the positive impacts. Although it will help in bolstering
the economy and generating higher employment rates in the short run, it will fail to accrue
long-term economic benefits. It will also cause widespread changes in the climatic
conditions and will cause increased amounts of detrimental effects on the Great Barrier Reef.
Further, even though the income for the economy will be generated in terms of government
revenue, if the firm fails to pay back the loans invested, it will result in a widespread financial
loss just like the scenario that was created in India. This is the primary reason behind the
movements that are currently arising from this particular mining project. Although this is a
very risky undertaking venture and the outcomes which are being expected are very sceptical,
reports suggest that the situation in Australia will widely be different from the one that was
created in India. This is so because there is not an existing situation of the lack of continuous
funds in Australia unlike the situation was in India. This has been proven by the already
established financial aims of the venture. Thus, it is very important to accept the challenges
and go ahead with the project as Australia is already reported to have lost resource project
worth of $160 billion and this project will help in bettering the situation of the country as a
whole to a huge extent. It has also been reported that the impact on the Great Barrier Reef
will also be taken care of by the new policies and programmes implemented by the
government.

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