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Addressing Sustainability and Environmental Issues

   

Added on  2021-04-21

4 Pages1225 Words76 Views
AbstractConcrete is utilized each day in different ways and helps the functionality of a society. For instance, itis used to set up structures such as schools, hospitals and bridges. Among all the man-madematerials, concrete is the highly used one. According to cement sustainability initiative, (2014),about three tons are used yearly by each man, woman and child. Four key components of concreteinclude cement, water, coarse aggregates such as gravel, limestone or granite and fine aggregates,which include sand.Addressing sustainability and environmental issues during production of concrete is vital. First,replacing and reducing components of concrete is likely to yield positive results on the environment.Additionally, reducing the use of natural materials by reducing the components will help to enhancesustainability. Some key alternatives which can be used to replace some of the components includeindustrial wastes such as fly ash, silica fumes or plasticizer. An effort will be done to assess the chance of replacing and adding some of these waste materialswhich is the fly ash that is going to replace the cement knowing that a PVA fibre is going to be addedto the patch to form the ECC.IntroductionDifferent materials are mixed during the production of concrete which is widely used in construction.Aggregates such as sand and gravel, water and sand are mixed to produce concrete. Concrete iswidely used due to its tough chemical and physical characteristics. According to The FreedoniaGroup Inc. (2014), the demand of cement and concrete is able to grow by 9.3% each year with $21.1billion being spend on concrete in 2017. This growth in demand is therefore forming the basis forresearchers to consider alternative to the concrete components. Scientists and environmentalists are obsessed with coming up with an alternative material whilemaintaining the strength of concrete. And surely, they are largely succeeded with finding sustainablematerials to replace these components. The Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC), alsocalled Strain Hardening Cement-based Composites (SHCC) or more popularly asbendableconcrete is a key product which has been produced by efforts carried in this field.Bendable concrete is new concrete that has been used in different places in the world for example: japan, Switzerland and Korea.The new concrete has been developed to reduce the time needed for road works by more than half. This innovation allows the creation of slim precast pavement slabs for rapid installation, thus halving the time needed for road works and new pavements. It is also more sustainable, requiring less maintenance. Industrial are able to release wide varieties of waste aggregates such as fly ash, rubber and leather. This research will analyse and discuss the use of fly ash in concrete industry. Fly ash will be used to replace cement as a component in concrete. Additionally, the research will look at the effects of PVA fibres on ECC. The research will be divided in different chapters. The fist one will deal with introduction thetopic and tackle reasons for choosing it and also include the scope of research. The nextchapter will have the review of the topic whereby it will look at the physical features of the

ECC and compare them with those of traditional concrete. The third section will provide theintended experimental procedure and describe the materials to be used. Fourth chapter willcarry the results of the experiment. The results will be derived from different tests, whichwill be presented and then described deeply. The discussion part will be done carefully andable to explain any contradictions and theories behind them. The last chapter will composeof the conclusion. This will provide the summary of the research and the achieved out comeas well as recommendations for future studies. ScopeThe scope of this research covers the following tasks;To investigate the effects of the replacement of cement in the ECC with fly ash on mechanical propertiesInvestigate the effect of the PVA fibres in the ECC.At different ration of fly ash, perform broad laboratory study and analysis of mechanical properties of concrete mixture using different volumes of PVA. The properties to be analysed include compressive strength, tensile strength, shrinkage behaviour, creep and workability of the concrete. Provide an details analysis of the resultsA feasibility study of using this new concrete in sidewalks instead of normal concretewill be held in this researchProvide a conclusion on the concrete strength and ductility of ECC at different ratios. MethodologyCement will be replaced by fly ash with 4 percentage (10%,20%,30%,100%)The effect of the PVA fibres on the mixture by try different volume in the mixture.Carry out suitable experiment tests to establish mechanical properties such as workability, which will be recorded during patching. The other tests such as tensile strength, compressive strength and ductility will be dogged through appropriate tests at 7, 28 and 56 days.Materials:The required materials for the experiment are cement, water, fine aggregate, fly ash, PVA fibres, andsuper plastics.Project deliverables item due dateResearch plan 06/03/2018Progress reportweeklyDraft Interim ReportFriday week 8Final Softcopy of Poster PresentationWednesday week 11Final reportweek 13Proposed project budgetitemCDU contribution

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