Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC): Bendable Concrete
Added on 2021-04-17
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Running Head: BENDABLE CONCRETE1Bendable ConcreteStudent’s NameInstitution
BENDABLE CONCRETE2IntroductionEngineered Cementitious Concrete is also the name of bendable concrete which is a mortar easily moulded having reinforced composite using chosen random fibres, mostly polymer fibres. Past research on ECC has mentioned the feature of conventional concrete being of low capacity in a strain of around 0.1%. This feature, therefore, makes it rigid and brittle. The missing bendability feature hence makes it susceptible to failure when strain is loaded. This was what made the basis for developing bendable concrete. Bendable concrete as its ingredients similar to conventional concrete with an added high-range agent that reduces water imparting good workability. The major components used in making ECC are; cement, fin aggregate and fibre. Other added materials include silica fume, fly ash, blast furnace slag which only increases the content of paste. ECC has the feature of using low amounts, relatively 2% volume lower with fibres that are short and discontinuous. The various ECC ingredients work in unison in sharing the applied load making It 50 times flexible than conventional concrete and lighter o about 40%. Its absorbing properties of energy also make it suitable for use in areas proven to seismic zones. This paper reviews the various literature on ECC and makes it conclusion on them.Literature Review[ CITATION Ala16 \l 1033 ]has performed a parametric study of ECC to find that the flexural strength, compressive strength and features of deflection of a number of fibre types for different beam depths. There is a compared study on fresh hardened concrete properties. The result is that steel fibre ECC has 5% more compressive strength than normal concrete while the use of hybrid fibres and PVA makes them20% and 15% more than normal concrete. The ECC density is lower to 20% than normal concrete. The deflection and flexural strength are related inversely to the specimen’s cross-sectional area. As the fibre
BENDABLE CONCRETE3percentage increases, the energy absorption property also increases to 20% with an increase of specimen cross-section, an evaluated 10% energy absorption is observed.[ CITATION Bla17 \l 1033 ]had an experiment on improving the distribution of fibre by changing the mixing sequence. Standard mixing sequence entails addition of fibre to liquid and solid materials for mixing. The unwanted plastic viscosity before the inclusion of fibre may lead to poor distribution of fibrerusting to unwanted hardened properties. When the sequence of mixing is adjusted, solid materials are mixed with materials that are liquid in two steps with fibre addition in these two steps. This study investigated the use of various mixing sequences with the experimental results of analyzed fibre distribution and tensile uniaxial test compared. It was concluded that adjustment in mixing sequence increased the capacity of tensile strain as well as it improving the tensile strength with better distribution of fire enhanced.[ CITATION Edw08 \l 1033 ]studied an experiment that seek to find out the effect of great micro-PVA and fly ash fibres on the resistance of cyclic freeze-thaw and the ECC microstructure. Various ECC mixtures were prepared with two different ratios of FA to cement. The sued ratios were 112 and 2.2 weights, with constant materials in water-cementitious matter. Of 0.27. The tests involved measuring the properties of residual mechanics, velocity of ultrasonic pulse and loss of mass. Outcome of the experiments confirmed mixtures of ECC having high FA volumes being more durable with indication of 2% more capacity of tensile strain after 300 thawing and freezing cycles. Hence the micro-PVA fibre improved the resistance to first. Outcomes from free-thaw tests showed the effect of reducing mechanical properties and physical properties with an increase in freeze-thaw cycle number was relatively more in ECC mix of 2.2 FA/C ratio than ECC mix of 1.2 FA/C ratio.[ CITATION Jac13 \l 1033 ] Performed an experiment that evaluated the study of feasibility with the use of ultra-ductile ECC for the purpose of enhancing performance of connection of type-2 interior beam-
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