Assignment on Adult Nursing
Added on 2020-04-21
18 Pages4545 Words121 Views
Higher EducationHealthcare and Research
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Running head: ADULT NURSINGAdult nursingName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor note
1ADULT NURSINGUrethral catheterization is used for relieving urinary retention that requires properindications for catheter use (NICE 2014). Nurses and other healthcare professionals must possesscompetency skills to carry out the procedure with efficiency. At the same time, the nursingstudents need to be supervised who are striving to achieve the competency skills for femalecatheterization as outlined by Mangnall 2014. Many learning styles and theories have beendiscovered that suggest every individual has preferred learning style for the effective learning.The learning style that was identified for the female catheterization learning in this scenario isvisual and aural presentations (V&A), reflector type. Visual and aural is an effective tool that ishelpful for the nursing students to observe the interactions and develop skills for thecatheterization process (Rohrer and Pashler 2012). After this process, the mentors demonstratedthe process to facilitate the students to learn the professional techniques and skills. The learningstyle of V&A is associated with cognitive learning theory (CLT) that focuses on behaviourismenhanced by social interaction will be discussed in the assignment. The learning environmentinvolved was a group based classroom and group demonstration of female catheterizationprocess (Ayres and Paas 2012). For the facilitation of learning experience, lesson plan wasdeveloped that included the aims and objectives of learning session, time scale and requiredequipments. It has to be mentioned that for this learning program the two learning theories thathad been used are the social learning theory and the cognitive learning theory. The learning stylethat was incorporated in the learning event had been the VAK learning style and thelearningevent was based on the questionnaire.The process of learning can be defined as the step by step process of acquiring theknowledge and skills by the maenad of a collective process of studying, experiencing and beingtaught. This knowledge can stretch onto values, beliefs, principles, attitudes, and preferences.
2ADULT NURSINGSome of the learning activities can be immediate facilitated by a single event, and on the otherhand, some of the learning activities can require the assistance of repeated or multiple events andresults into accumulating varied knowledge or skills. For this study, the leraning acruvity hadbeen based on the questionnaire activity and the learner involved had been a reflector typelearner. The teaching method that mentors used was aural and visual with elements of practicaldemonstration. The second proposed learning theory is the social learning theory (SLT) that isexpected for the learned in terms of skills and behaviours that are acquired by the learner.Bandura’s SLT posits people to learn from others via observation, imitation and modelling. Thecognitive and behaviourist learning theories encompasses memory, attention and motivation.This method is useful for making people learn about new things and development of learningstyles among the individuals. This method was used for making nurses learn the femalecatheterization method as it is based on observational learning (Hanna, Crittenden and Crittenden2013). There are four stages involved in SLT that helped nursing students to understand thecatheterization process effectively through observing behaviours involving attention, retention,reproduction and motivation. In the first step, the students paid attention to what they are willingto learn. The mentor demonstrated the process of catheterization where a female catheter isinserted safely through the labia minora into the urinary meatus. In this step, the students areaway from distraction and they are interested towards the model that is used for teachingcatheterization process. The more the students pay attention to the process, they can learn better.In the second step, there should be retention of newly learned behaviour that is necessary for thenursing practice. Without retention, it is not possible for the students to retain the relevant
3ADULT NURSINGinformation that they have learned during the demonstration. They need to go back to theobservation of the model if they are unable to store information about the new behaviour. Thethird step is reproduction where the students need to demonstrate the catheterization process sothat they can pay attention and retain the relevant information. In this step, the process ofcatheterization needs to be practiced by the nurses repeatedly so that they remember and improvethe process. The last step is the motivation where the new nurses need to feel motivated to repeatthe process or new behaviour so that they keep performing it. The use of punishment andreinforcement comes into play and one need to be rewarded as they demonstrate behaviourproperly and punishment on inappropriate display of the behaviour (Davis et al. 2015). The main disadvantage of SLT is the possible dearth of literature in context todifferential reinforcement driven by the theory of causal mechanism. The reinforcement used inthis process is the result of experimental research limits the learning ability of students. When thementors do not demonstrate the new behaviour or action (female catheterization) properly, thenurses may learn the process differently that may hamper patient safety during femalecatheterization and causal mechanism. In such cases, there are instances of unwanted behaviourand over imitation by the students. To avoid such situations, mentors should demonstrateeffective mentoring so that individuals learn and develop the new acquired behaviour (Rodela2013). The second learning theory that had been used in this context had been the cognitivelearning theory. According to this antagonistic learning theory, the process of learning can beeasily analysed by the underlying mental processes that has been used in the scenario. As per thisparticular theory, the process of learning and acquiring different skills and knowledge can befacilitated by the effective cognitive processes. Along with that, this theory also postulates that
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