Airworthiness: Requirements, Certification, and Safety

This document discusses the importance of airworthiness in the initial stages of aircraft design, the relationship between certification and compliance with airworthiness regulations, major safety problems faced in the aviation industry, and the technical innovations and system developments in the field of airworthiness. It provides insights into the role of airworthiness in ensuring flight safety and privacy.

Airworthiness

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Question 1: airworthiness requirements in the initial stages such as aircraft
design
Airworthiness is defined as the process which is used in the aircraft for safety and
privacy purpose. It is observed that no individual may operate an aircraft unless it is in
an airworthy situation and civil aircraft is responsible for checking the situation of flight
safety. It is analysed that the airworthiness plays a major role in the initial stage of
aircraft designing and manufacturing.1 United Arab Emirates aircraft is one of the best
examples of the airworthiness that uses this process in the designing and
manufacturing of the aircraft. Where the airworthiness certificate provides a platform
to check the complete process of the manufacturing and maintain the safety-related
issues. Moreover, the national airworthiness communities influence the designing
process of the aircraft and the responsibility for airworthiness lies with the
manufactures and national aviation regulatory bodies. It is evaluated that the
airworthiness is also used in the operation and maintenance of aircraft.2 For example,
UAE aircraft follow the airworthiness guidelines and ensure that individual which has
airworthiness certificate can operate and manage the aircraft. Moreover, a type
certificate is produced by the national aviation authority for stating the airworthiness
standard in order to operate the aircraft.
Question 2: the relationship between certification and compliance with
airworthiness regulation
A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of the specific category of the aircraft or
aviation and it identifies that the aircraft is manufactured as per the given guidelines
and process. For example, a UAE aircraft association require to design and implement
aircraft for which they use the airworthiness certificate and their regulation. The ICAO
airworthiness also produced the certificate and compliance with the airworthiness
1 Filippo De Flori, Airworthiness: An introduction to aircraft certification and operations
(Butterworth-Heinemann 2016).
2 Bernard Kamsu-Foguem, ‘Knowledge-based support in Non-Destructive Testing for
health monitoring of aircraft structures’, (2012) 26 (4) Advanced Engineering
Informatics 859-869.

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regulation and many companies like UAE aircraft uses this process for managing the
safety of flights. For example, the general civil aviation authority uses the airworthiness
rules and regulation for designing and implementing the aircraft and improving the
safety of flights.3 They also follow the guidelines provided by the international civil
aviation organization to demonstrate compliance of the item type with each component
of the certification basis. Moreover, during this process, the level of regulation
involvement is developed and agreed by the airworthiness certificate.
Question 3: major safety problem
On August 3, 2016, flight 521 from Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala crashed on the Dubai
international airport which is one of the major safety problem faced by the consumers.
Due to this problem numbers of passengers were suffered from the accident and the
fuel chamber of the Boeing 777 exploded in the ensuing blaze. This problem was
occurred due to the lack of safety and Boeing did not follow the proper rules and
regulations of the airworthiness during designing and operating the aircraft. This
problem has been addressed by identifying the key factors that increase this problem
and adopting the airworthiness certificate.4 The Boeing identified that the lack of safety
and privacy in the aircraft produce this situation due to which flight 521 has been
crashed and some experts of the airworthiness claimed that this problem can be
reduced in future by ensuring that companies should follow the proper guidance of the
airworthiness certificate. Moreover, the management team should ensure that pilot
have airworthiness certificate and Boeing improved the security of the flight by
adopting high-level security tools and technologies like artificial intelligence. Boeing
also identified that due to some operating and manufacturing process this problem
occurred and consumers faced this condition.
Question 4: technical innovation and system developments
3 Fan Liu, Lixin Wang, and Xiangsheng Tan, ‘Digital virtual flight testing and evaluation
method for flight characteristics airworthiness compliance of civil aircraft based on
HQRM’, (2015) 28 (1) Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 112-120.
4 Leon Purton, and Kyriakos Kourousis, ‘Military airworthiness management
frameworks: a critical review’, (2014) 80 (2) Procedia Engineering 545-564.

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For improving the safety of the aircraft there are many technologies developed and
implemented such as internet of thing, artificial intelligence, big data technology,
wearable devices and automatic dependent surveillance. In the field of the aviation
sector, the position of the aircraft can be determined with the help of automatic
dependent surveillance technology.5 The internet of thing is one of the advanced
innovations in the field of information technology which can be used for improving
aviation safety. For example, IoT technology is used in the predictive maintenance for
performing the maintenance exactly when it’s required. In logistic and weather
forecasting the internet of thing, technology is used that help aviation for improving
their security and privacy. Moreover, big data technology also help aviation in
controlling and maintaining the issue of security by identifying key factors that increase
the problem of security in the aviation sector.
5 Christoph Torens, Florian-M. Adolf, and Lukas Goormann, ‘Certification and software
verification considerations for autonomous unmanned aircraft’, (2014) 11(10), Journal
of aerospace information systems 649-664.

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Bibliography
De Flori, Filippo, Airworthiness: An introduction to aircraft certification and operations
(Butterworth-Heinemann 2016).
Kamsu-Foguem, Bernard, ‘Knowledge-based support in Non-Destructive Testing for
health monitoring of aircraft structures’, (2012) 26 (4) Advanced Engineering
Informatics 859-869.
Liu, Fan, Lixin Wang, and Xiangsheng Tan, ‘Digital virtual flight testing and evaluation
method for flight characteristics airworthiness compliance of civil aircraft based on
HQRM’, (2015) 28 (1) Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 112-120.
Purton, Leon, and Kyriakos Kourousis, ‘Military airworthiness management
frameworks: a critical review’, (2014) 80 (2) Procedia Engineering 545-564.
Torens, Christoph, Florian-M. Adolf, and Lukas Goormann, ‘Certification and software
verification considerations for autonomous unmanned aircraft’, (2014) 11(10), Journal
of aerospace information systems 649-664.