Analysis of Contemporary Society

Running head: ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
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ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
Question 1
Globalisation is related to the highly increase in the flow of communication, people,
information and capital between different nations. The concept of globalisation is mainly
related to the world which is interdependent and interconnected. The process which is related
to the increase in the interconnection between different societies can also be termed as
globalisation. The increase in the flow of different commodities between countries is another
major effect of globalisation. Advances in the technology, abandonment of trade routes by
land and the rise of the global capitalism are major changes caused by globalisation
(Arvanitakis, 2016). Globalisation also causes an exchange of culture between different
countries as the flow of people increases. There are many advantages that of globalisation
and the connection that is formed between countries. Cosmopolitanism which refers to the
richer culture and increase in the diversity of nations is the major advantage of globalisation.
The world has become a much smaller place as the citizens of the different countries are
connected with each other. Free trade is another major effect that is caused by globalisation in
the countries. This factor helps in the exchange of goods between the various countries and
the living standards of the people also become higher. The process of globalisation has
negative effect on the nations as well. The exploitation of the developing nations with the
help of free trade is a major disadvantage of globalisation (Arvanitakis, 2016). The decline of
many countries have been caused due to globalisation and the rise that has happened in the
number of multi-national organizations. The decline of nations can cause the loss of heritage
and culture as well. The major changes that have occurred in the world due to social
movements caused as a result of globalisation are, suffering of women, class problems,
aboriginal equality, anti-war, gay rights, child labour. Globalisation also has many
environmental effects of the countries which have gone through this process. The economic
growth of Australia has been affected by the globalisation (Arvanitakis, 2016). Australia had

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ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
opened up its economy to the foreign investment and privatization had taken place on a large
scale. The quality of life in Australia has increased after globalisation has occurred in the
country. Globalisation has provided huge access to the foreign organizations and the
investors so that they can conduct business in the country in a free manner and innovation can
also be facilitated. The end of the law of protectionism has helped in making Australia a
winner in the process of globalisation (Arvanitakis, 2016).
Question 2
Social Construction of technology theory or SCOT is a concept that is related to the
argument that human action is not determined by technology, rather technology is shaped by
human action. The way by which technology is used cannot be totally understood without
trying to understand the technology which is embedded in the social context. SCOT is mainly
response that is provided to technological determinism and it is sometimes also called
technological constructivism. SCOT mainly consists of those people who try to understand
the main reasons related to rejection or the acceptance of the technology related to the social
world (Arvanitakis, 2016). The explanation of the success related to a technology is
sometimes not enough and the researchers need to analyse deeply that what are the criteria
upon which the best technology is being defined. The researchers need to question the way by
which the technology is defined. SCOT can just not be said as theory, it is mainly a
methodology. The principles and steps related to the analysis of the failures and success of
technology are formalized by SCOT. The theory of SCOT was introduced in the year 1984 by
Pinch and Bijker. The problems and their relevant solutions are characterised with the help of
different innovations that are constructed by stakeholders (Arvanitakis, 2016). SCOT mainly
views the rise and development of technology as a process which is interactive in nature.
SCOT can also be defined as the most interactive sociotechnical process that helps in the
shaping of all the forms of technology. The sociology related to the technology and science