Anatomy and Physiology in Healthcare Settings

Anatomy and Physiology
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Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology are interconnected branches of biomedical sciences. Anatomy is a
study of the various parts of the human body while Physiology is a study of various functions of
human body parts (Smith et al., 2014), (Roux, 2014). To provide patient-centric and quality
services understanding of anatomy and physiology is crucial in healthcare settings. Health and
wellbeing refer to physical, mental, and social activeness of person which includes the absence
of any illness and disease with the ability to recover any illness condition and health problem.
Many factors play a major role in a person's health and wellbeing such as biological and
genetics, social, environmental and education (HealthKnowladge, 2020).
This discussion provides an insight about the impact of anatomy and physiology on a person's
wellbeing and physical condition. This discussion is based on a 45 years old lady who had
hemorrhagic stroke. Impacts of biopsychosocial factors on the wellbeing the lady have been
discussed and some evidence on impacts of any physical and mental illness on a person and his
family behaviors have been provided. for a better understanding of the impacts of illness on
patients and his/her family, Erickson's psychosocial stages of life and Kubler Ross model of grief
has been used. For the wellbeing of a person, family, and society, the role of nurses also has been
discussed in this easy.
According to medical sciences, hemorrhagic strokes occur due to blockages of blood clotting and
rupturing of blood vessels. In this condition, blood supply or blood flow in the brain has stooped
and brain cells have a rundown of oxygen which results in hemorrhagic strokes (Liebeskind,
2019 ). These strokes results in major deformities such as one side’s body weakness and
disability, inability to recognize and localize body parts or inability of sensation, Memory
problems or losses, visual disabilities, paralysis, blurred speech, loosen control on Bowel and
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Anatomy and Physiology
bladder movement, and swallowing in various body part of a person (Johns hopkins
medicine, 2020).
In the case of Nancy, failure on anatomy which was clotting or rupturing of blood vessels
resulted in physical disabilities of her. Blood, blood vessels and brain are the part of the anatomy
sciences which are closely linked to physical sciences and has a direct impact on physiology,
which is body functioning of a human being. Hemorrhagic stroke to Nancy has affect on the
right side of her body, mobilizing functions, brain functions, and communication and developing
swelling in the other part of the body. This showed a strong relationship between the anatomy
and physiology of the human body (Marcin, 2017). Changes or disturbances in anatomic of the
body Nancy like blockages and burst in blood vessels, led huge malfunctioning in the physiology
of her like blurred vision and communication, partial disability and the inability of various
functions (Jauch, 2019). In the case of Nancy, we can say the interconnectedness of anatomy
and physiology resulted in a physical disability to Nancy due to her brain hemorrhagic stroke.
Apart from anatomy and physiology relationship, biopsychosocial factors are also closely related
to an individual’s illness and well-being. Biopsychosocial factors are interdisciplinary factors
that are closely associated with each other and have a direct impact on a person's well-being and
illness. Biopsychosocial factors include biological (physiological pathology, genetics) factors,
psychology (thoughts, stress, temperament) factors and socio-environmental (trauma, family
relationship, and social support) factors (Derek & Gillett, 2019). In the case of Nancy, these
factors played a significant role in her illness. Although she was 45 years old, that has not high-
risk factor of brain strokes. Generally, it is considered that after the age of 65 years, strokes are
more likely to occur, however, it is not only criteria or responsible factors for brain strokes
(Stroke Center, 2020). Biological and genetics factors such as high blood pressure,
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Anatomy and Physiology
cholesterol, diabetes, increasing age, and smoking are also leading causes of brain strokes
(Fekadu et al., 2019). Nancy was having a medical history of high blood pressure and high
cholesterol which were major triggers of brain strokes. Because high blood pressure damages
and thicken to the inner layer of blood vessels and these damaged blood vessels are not able to
manage high pressure of blood and resulted in burst and rapture of these blood vessels
(Wajngarten & Silva, 2019). Whereas, high cholesterol accumulates plaques in blood vessels
or arteries which leads to blockages and blood clotting and resulted in brain strokes (Fogoros,
2019). She also has stoke history in her family, thus genetic factors were also responsible for
this illness of Nancy. Besides the bio factors, psychosocial factors also played a major role in the
illness of Nancy. She was a single mother, having reasonability of two young children. She was
the only person in her family to earn for livelihood. Many studies show an association between
single mothers and chronic stress. Besides, giving time and attention to children and earning
money are the challenges itself for a single parent. So this was also a major factor in the illness
condition of Nancy (Chanda & Pujar, 2018). Because stress increases the level of blood which
creates troubles for vessels in blood flow that results in such chronic attacks like brain stokes
(Unitypoint, 2020).
Personal health and illness of an individual have positive and negative impacts on a person and
his/her family. An individual's health may impacts financial or economic sources, emotional,
social relationship and quality of life of the person, family, and people who are closely related to
the person (Wittenberg et al., 2013). This illness condition of Nancy also may affect to
Nancy and her family. Nancy is the only earner in her family, after this accident she is not able to
work due to her physiology disability of mobilization, communication, and swelling. Besides,
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