Artificial Intelligence Essay

This essay discusses the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various fields, including healthcare, automotive, finance, video games, and smart homes. It also examines the social impact of AI, highlighting both its positive and negative effects on society. The essay concludes by exploring the future of AI and its potential implications.

ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Artificial Intelligence is also called machine intelligence. It is a theory and development
of machines, applications, computer systems or software's to demonstrate intelligence and
perform tasks that normally require human intelligence like weather forecasting, visual
perception, decision making, speech recognition, translation of different languages, printing of
an instruction booklet or a documentation in different languages simultaneously. Many
applications are developed that can learn from experience, think and make predictions for
various situations (Steels and Brooks, 2018). It can also be used to perform thousands of
calculations within few seconds with the help of super computers. This essay will lay emphasis
on various applications of Artificial intelligence, their future aspects, social impact on society
and threats towards the society.
MAIN BODY
Overview
Artificial intelligence is a computer science branch that pursues on creation of machines,
computer systems or applications as intelligent as humans. AI applications can exhibit intelligent
behaviour, demonstrate learning, learn, explain and can be used for prediction. It can be used in
various fields like psychology, philosophy, maths, hospitals etc. Artificial intelligence is also
categorised in two types i.e. weak and strong AI. Weak artificial intelligence systems are those
that are designed and trained to perform a particular task like virtual personal assistance devices.
Strong AI systems are also called artificial general intelligence which consist of generalized
human abilities. These types of systems are when provided with unfamiliar task, then they can
find a solution even without human interactions.
Applications and their future aspects
Today's modern Artificial intelligence has various applications and is used in various
fields. It has helped many industries to grow and compete with this competitive world (Azar and
Vaidyanathan, 2015). Few applications of AI are:
Healthcare: It has helped medical world to grow drastically and has solved many problems
faced by this industry. It has helped in diagnosis of many serious diseases like cancer and has
provided with its treatment. With this technology cancer can be diagnosed at initial stage only
and patients life can be saved. It has also helped doctors to determine accurate dose of drugs or
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medicines that are given to the patients especially in case of cancer treatment. With this
technology advancement, to find right treatment for cancer has been made easy for doctors. As
there are more than 1000 medications available for cancer, so it becomes difficult for doctors to
identify correct and accurate dose of medicines for cancer. Today a technology has been
developed through which doctors can easily find and choose accurate dose of medicines and
drugs that are to be given to cancer patients. With the help of AI artificial hearts has also been
developed which can be replaced with the human heart and will work in a similar way as a
human heart works in case of heart failure. Today many devices are developed through which
heart attacks can be suspected and predicted. It has helped doctors to save many lives which was
not possible earlier as prediction of silent heart attacks is quite difficult but with the help of these
prediction devices these silent heart attacks can be predicted. This advancement in medical sector
has given new hopes to doctors as well as to patients that treatment to any serious disease or
problem is possible (Zang and et.al, 2015). A good deal of research has been going on for many
non-curable diseases like leukemia, whose treatment has not been improved in decades but may
be in future its treatment will be possible.
Automotive: With artificial intelligence advancements it has also helped this industry to grow in
terms of creating drones or self driven cars. Self-driven cars are becoming a reality in today's
world. There are many companies that are working on creation of driverless cars like Google's
driverless car project 'Waymo', Tesla's autopilot feature project etc. These cars include many
systems like self breaking system, navigation and mapping, collision prevention, lane changing
etc. controlled by computer systems. However, these cars cannot be driven on roads as they do
not have pedestrian detection system. So these cars cannot be driven on main road without any
assistance. Maybe in future it is possible to drive these cars without any assistance on road and
other transportation vehicles can be designed for self deriving as well. Artificial intelligence has
also helped in creation of drones which are also known as unmanned aerial vehicle, it is an
aircraft without pilot. These drones are either controlled by remote controlled by humans or by
onboard computers. These drones are mostly used in military applications but nowadays it is also
used for commercial purposes also like for recording, surveillance, peacekeeping, aerial
photography, drone racing etc. But all these drones and self driven cars can be used as a threat
for human society as they can be hacked and can be controlled by someone else which is
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dangerous. Security of these vehicles is needed to be worked on and maybe in future these
security reasons will not be of any threat to society (Brandt, 2017).
Finance and economies: Artificial intelligence systems in organizations and bank are used for
different operations like maintaining book keeping, investing in shares, management of
properties etc. It has also helped finance companies in detection of fraud like many fraud
messages, emails or calls are done to those who hold a credit card or bank cards. Detection of
these frauds has become easy so that those accounts can be blocked to prevent these crimes by
monitoring behavioural patterns of users for any abnormal changes or exception activities.
Artificial intelligence has also made online trading easy which has changed economic theories.
Individuals can do online trading and decision making with the help of some AI applications
which help users in buying and selling in trading. It has also made it easy for companies to make
financial statements. It has also made it possible to conduct continuous audit and can analyse
many sets of different information immediately. It has also helped in reduction of overall audit
risk and increased assurance level while audit is done (Raza and Khosravi, 2015).
Video Games: In gaming world Artificial Intelligence is playing a major role and its use has
been continuously increasing. Many non-player characters are being developed in games which
are controlled by computers through predetermined responsive behaviour, which increases the
challenge for players to win. These non player characters learn from their past encounters with
the player and improve themselves making it difficult for the player to reach the end of the game.
For example: Monster hunter is one interesting Artificial Intelligence game in which monster
becomes continuously harder to fight and more unpredictable as the game progress because this
monster remembers the past encounters with the player and other objects and increases the
difficulty level of the game. In some games AI is used for finding the shortest path to reach the
destination to end and win the game (Nikolov and et.al, 2016). Artificial Intelligence has also
helped developers in making board games like chess, monopoly, ludo etc. which can be played
by player in computer systems and other devices. These games can be played with the computer
as an opponent as well so that player doesn't need anyone else to play these games.
Predictive Purchasing: it is used by many e-commerce websites like amazon, where these
websites predict customer needs according to their searching options and display those related
items. According to a theory they use customers past spending habits on regular stuffs and shows
it to you before it runs out. Many retail stores also follows this as they provide coupons to
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customers electronically based on their purchases of regular stuffs. This has helped many
companies to increase their sales and revenue and has attracted many customers (Jiang and et.al,
2017).
Smart Homes: Nowadays homes are becoming smarter day by day as there are many
technologies which can be installed in houses to make them smarter, saves money and energy
and increases security of homes. These are many thermostats systems that that helps in automatic
heating and cooling of a house according to the weather outside. It can also predict when to turn
the boiler on and when to turn it off according to the weather condition and comfort of the user.
There are many systems which are designed in such a way that they understand when to turn on
the lights of house and when to turn it off. In these systems automatic sensors are installed which
detect the presence of a persons and sense the movement of a person and behaves accordingly.
These systems can also din the lights of a room if a person is watching a television. There are
many security systems installed in the houses which not only monitor the surveillance but these
systems switch on there sensors when no one is at home and if these sensors find any movement
inside house then they directly alerts the owner about that movement and captures it. Owner can
also control all these systems from outside the house as well with the help of their mobile
(Makridakis, 2017).
Virtual assistance: There are many virtual assistance devices available that uses artificial
intelligence and can be used by individuals. These software's perform all the task and services
that are commanded by the user. Some of these software's also take voice commands from users
and perform the task accordingly. There are many applications or software or devices like
chatbots, Apple Siri, Alexa, Google Now or Cortana etc., these devices and applications take
commands from the user and send those commands to other applications as demanded by the
user. A good deal of research are going on to improve these devices and application so that they
can continuously learn from the users, predict users need and perform task accordingly. Maybe
in future it is possible.
Robots: Nowadays many robots are being developed which also takes commands from the users
and perform all the physical tasks from them. These robots can be used to assist older people, so
that with the help of these robots they can perform their daily routine tasks with their help, so
that they need not to remain dependent on anyone else for their living. As it is already known
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that robots do not have emotions, maybe in future it might be possible that robots can be used as
friends who can understand one's emotions (Hovy and Spruit, 2016).
Social Effects
Artificial intelligence has a major impact on society as it has changed the standard of
living of individuals as well as changed the way of doing business. It has affected the society in
both positive and in a negative manner. Many organizations are using machines for many
operations which needed workers initially, but today those operations do not need any labour to
be operated, because of this displacement of manual jobs with adoption of advance technology
has been created. However, if another side of employment is seen than artificial intelligence has
created more jobs than will be lost as these machineries need workers to operate them, maintain
them and service them (Aithal, 2018). This technology advancement has also created security
issues for organizations as cyber threats are continuously increasing so this has created jobs in
information technology field. Due to this education system has also brought changes in itself and
has introduced information technology as a subject which has created jobs in education as well.
There is a negative effect of this advancement in artificial intelligence technologies as it
has created dependencies in individuals as well as in organizations, without these technologies
they feel handicapped and stop working (Artificial Intelligence, 2019). Today many
organizations and individuals are impressed by this technology advancement and talk about its
future aspects i.e. how artificial intelligence will replace humans in the future in many different
fields such as in hospitals doctors will be replaced by robots etc. in many organizations it has
already started to replace humans. Today all the individuals and organizations should seek to be
aided by the technology, not to be replaced by the machines. Since the innovation and
advancement in technology has started it has replaced humans in many works such as
manufacturing work etc. Artificial intelligence will be no exception. So, it is really important to
know all the positive as well as negative effects of this advancement in technology, as it will
affect the society in many ways which might be beneficial as well as harmful for the society.
CONCLUSION
From the above essay it has been summarized that use of artificial intelligence has been
continuously increasing in various fields in different ways. It has also helped many industries to
grow like in medical field it has helped doctors to find solution to many serious diseases so that
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patients with those diseases can be given proper treatment so that they can be cured. It has shown
organizations a new way of doing business through which they can predict and fulfil customers
needs and requirements and help their business to grow with profit. If overall effect of artificial
intelligence on future is seen than future of AI is bright which can help our society in many ways
but with some side effects.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
AV, N. and Aithal, P.S., 2018. Employability Skill Traits Management Quotient [ESMQ]-A
Conceptual Model Proposal.
Azar, A.T. and Vaidyanathan, S. eds., 2015. Computational intelligence applications in
modeling and control. Springer International Publishing.
Brandt, J., 2017. Artificial Intelligence Applications in Financial Markets Forecasting: A
Systematic Mapping.
Hovy, D. and Spruit, S.L., 2016. The social impact of natural language processing.
In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational
Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers) (Vol. 2, pp. 591-598).
Jiang, F., and et.al., 2017. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: past, present and future. Stroke
and vascular neurology. 2(4). pp.230-243.
Makridakis, S., 2017. The forthcoming Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution: Its impact on
society and firms. Futures. 90. pp.46-60.
Nikolov, R., and et.al., 2016. Learning in a Smart City environment. Journal of Communication
and Computer, 13, pp.338-350.
Raza, M.Q. and Khosravi, A., 2015. A review on artificial intelligence based load demand
forecasting techniques for smart grid and buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews. 50. pp.1352-1372.
Steels, L. and Brooks, R., 2018. The artificial life route to artificial intelligence: Building
embodied, situated agents. Routledge.
Zang, Y., and et.al., 2015. Advances of flexible pressure sensors toward artificial intelligence
and health care applications. Materials Horizons. 2(2). pp.140-156.
Online
Artificial Intelligence. 2019. [online]. Available Through : < https://robohub.org/artificial-
intelligence-utopia-or-dystopia/>
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