Principle of Nursing literature Review 2022

Princip
le of
Nursin
g
August 18
2019

Overweight, weight loss and ageing
The intent of this paper is to present the literature review on the topic “Overweight,
weight loss, and ageing". The paper is based on a case study of Frederic Arum a 78 years old
man, who lives in Sydney. He is a widower and a retired university professor and quit active
in his retirement time. Frederic is involved in different activities such as playing golf,
maintenance of his home, etc. However, recently he has started having a bit of joint pain and
stiffness, which is slowing him down at times and he has noticed that his memory has been
unrealizable at times. After visiting his GP he got some four suggestions to improve his
health, but he asked some evidence for the suggested activities. Therefore, this paper is being
presented to present the evidence for the selected topic that is Overweight, weight loss and
ageing with the help of a literature review. The aim of this research paper is to present the
evidence for the suggestions provided by GP to Frederic related to Overweight, weight loss
and ageing.
Obesity and Consequences - According to Jura & Kozak, (2016), Modern developments
in the public health care and imposing spreads in medical science have meaningfully
protracted life expectancy and the segment of people over the age of 65 endures to increase.
Age related chronic diseases are heart attacks, diabetes, stroke, etc. Complete main ageing
mechanism and diseases related to age have today become a critical issue. Presently, the
global problem related to health has arisen because of the rising incidence of obesity, a
disorder that upsurges the occurrence of related diseases and premature mortality. Obesity is
considered as one of the most complex and multifactorial issues. Bodyweight could be
influenced by environmental situations, genetic issues, and by energy inequity when energy
consumption surpasses energy expenditure (Sahoo, Sahoo and Chaudhary, 2015).

According to Jura & Kozak, (2016), Obesity is always linked to the augmented
circulating leptin concentrations. Overweight individuals display leptin resistance, and its
raised concentrations fail to manage body weight as well as hunger. Kozak, (2016),
concluded that augmented level of leptin in obese subjects can be functionally pertinent;
meanwhile, even every obese individual reveal useful changes in energy expenditure over
weight loss, although these alterations are reserved by exogenous leptin
management. Obesity is also related to the dampened GH secretion. It has been analysed in
few patients with the AGHD, a hypothalamic-pituitary structural graze may add to the
deficiency of GH. Therefore, the author suggested that there are high chances for the
treatment of GH on the metabolic significances of obesity (Hruby & Hu, 2015).
Losing Weight - The wide-ranging obesity is determined as the BMI that is body mass
index of 30.0 kg/m2 or higher, is with time becoming the health concern of people for the
increasingly developing segment of people with the age of 65 and older (Nuttall, 2015).
Depending on the epidemiological surveys, around 30% of the population lie in the age group
of 65 and older is overweight and 35.4% are obese (Batsis, Masutani, Adachi-Mejia, Blunt,
Bagley, Lopez-Jimenez & Bartels, 2017). Obesity is always linked to disease and illness,
poor life quality, impaired function, and premature mortality. These negative health outcomes
impact not just the life of an individual but also the healthcare expenditures. According to the
suggestions of the American Society of Nutrition and the Obesity Society, the older adults
must get involved in losing their weight with obesity who is suffering from functional
impairments, joint pain or metabolic complications (Batsis, et al 2017). According to Batsis,
et al (2017), averting chronic disease, results in decreasing the chances of cardiometabolic
circumstances, and attaining clinically noteworthy weight loss is the health objective of the
population, but treatments based on the lifestyle are just reasonably effective, consequence in
modest weight loss, and mostly not modified for the older adults. Weight loss persuaded