Nursing Case Study 2022

Running head: NURSING
Nursing
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
The following paper is based on the case study of Frederic Arum who is 78 years old
and is suffering from obesity. The paper will focus on the highlighting effective interventions
for management of obesity. In doing so, the paper will focus on the central theme of over-
weight and weight-loss and will conducted critical analysis of four journal articles that
coincide with the scope of the paper. At the end, the essay will focus on the agreement and
disagreement that can be extracted from the paper in relation to the case study. The analysis
of the four papers will help to provide a proper understanding of the effective of healthy
lifestyle intervention on weight management and promotion of the concept of healthy aging
among the geriatric patients.
Authorship of the paper
All expertise and the affiliations of all the authors of the four selected paper, are well-
established. All the authors are registered under esteemed universities or scientific
institutions. The selection of the papers written by authors from esteemed institutions helps in
increasing the quality of the evidence used in structuring the paper (Harnad, 2017).
Research question and methodology
The study conducted by Batsis et al. (2016) aims to identify the interventions of
geriatric obesity in order to develop evidence-based clinical recommendations. The main
study design includes systematic review of the randomized control trial (RCT). Murad et al.
(2016) stated that the systematic review of the RCTs falls under level 1 of hierarchy of
evidences due to its low level of bias. Batsis et al. (2016) selected RCT papers that have
conducted their studies over older adults with mean age of 65 years and body mass index
(BMI) more than 30 kg/m2. The analysis of the results from the RCT study showed that

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behavioural weight-loss interventions involving pharmacological or procedural interventions,
lasting for more than 6 months help in reducing obesity among the older adults at low to
moderate level. Batsis et al. (2016) proposed for more well designed trials for establishment
of the evidence-based practice (EBP). One of the principal strength of the study is its study
design. Batsis et al. (2016) also used the review was done based on the papers that were
published since 2005 to 2016. The selection of the studies within the last 10 years added to its
final strength. The methodological quality of the study was conducted by two separate
reviewers and this further helped to reduce the chances of reviewer bias. The review done by
Jura and Kozak (2016) aimed towards bringing together the evidences associated with the
age-related change in the body fat composition and BMR (basal metabolic rate) and its
relation to the vicious cycle and development of the age related diseases. The review reported
that age related change in the body fat composition accelerates the vicious and thereby
accelerating the process of ageing. Though the review was informative, however, the review
failed to highlight any specific methodological structure that it used for the selection of the
papers. Moreover, the study is based on the inductive approach, that hypothesis was
previously selected even after the initiation of the study and thus resulting in the generation
of the observational bias. Locher et al. (2016) focused on the calorie restriction diet in
promoting weight-loss among the older adults the analysis of the results showed that calorie
restriction diet helps in promoting weight-loss among geriatric patients. One of the strength
of the study is review was conducted over the randomized control trial (RCT). However, the
sample size of the study is was inadequate as it selected only 7 RCT studies for the
conduction of the review. Certo et al. (2016) are of the opinion conducting review based on 7
studies might lead to the generation of biased results and thus unsuitable for the generation of
EBP in clinical research. Waters, Ward and Villareal (2013) focused: on whether the weight-
loss is achievable among the older adults under a safe and co-ordinate process. The study