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WIRELESS NETWORKING WIRELESS NETWORKING

   

Added on  2020-03-07

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RUNNING HEAD: WIRELESS NETWORKINGWIRELESS NETWORKINGStudent’s Name: Course title: WIRELESS NETWORKINGDate of submission:
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RUNNING HEAD: WIRELESS NETWORKINGAn antenna is the component of the microwave link that interrelates with open space. It isthe structure that conveys the electromagnetic energy from open space into transmission lines and vise-versa (Mishra, 2007). Antennas are made and designed in different shapes and sizes according to frequency requirements.Horn AntennaThis microwave antenna is also called open waveguide. It operates as a feed component for huge radio astronomy, communication dishes and satellite tracking. A horn antenna is a hollowantenna which is used to properly match the waveguide to a large radiating aperture by shaping the movement little by little. The horn antenna is mainly used for broadband signals. Advantages of horn antenna include broadband application, high gains (10-25db), simple to design and excite and it is also easy to construct (Kumar & Shukla, 2015). Disadvantages of hornantenna include diffraction at the edges and low cross polarization level.Yagi antennaYagi-Uda antenna is a high directive antenna. It consists of an array of parasitic components which are kept in parallel to the driven components. The driven component is half wave dipole antenna and the parasitic components are metallic rods of longer and shorter length relative to resonant length. The parasitic elements of longer lengths are inductive and are used as reflectors while the parasitic elements of shorter lengths are capacitive and are used as directors.Some of the advantages of Yagi-Uda antenna include high gain capability, low cost and ease of construction, and the radiation pattern of a Yagi-Uda antenna is unidirectional. Among
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RUNNING HEAD: WIRELESS NETWORKINGthe disadvantages is that to acquire high gains, the antenna can become very long. In addition, the gain is limited to around 20dB for a single antenna (Poole).Cellular antennasCellular networks mainly use smart-antenna technology. The smart antenna array consistsof an array of antenna elements. Some advantages of smart antenna include; wide radio coveragethrough range extension, increased capacity, and mitigates fading in multipath environments. In addition, it is possible to achieve maximum data rates while using smart antennas.In the future, the dominant player for medium and long distance wireless links is likely to be the smart antennas. This can be supported by the fact thati.Their radiation patterns help adaptively to maximize communication quality.ii.Along with Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) technique, they enhance beam tracking in mobile communicationiii.They ensure greater efficiency and increase frequency reuse in cellular environmentiv.The system capacity can be increased using interference reduction on the downlink and interference rejection on the uplink.Hence, for better coverage, reduced interference, reduced fading under multipath effects, smart antennas are highly appropriate and likely to be the prevailing player in the future of medium- and long-distance wireless links.
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