Sociology Assignment 2022

Running head: SOCIOLOGY
Sociology
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1SOCIOLOGY
Each and every year millions of individuals are compelled to leave their home nation and
migrate to a new country for millions of reasons. While a good number of people leaves their
nation to escape from the oppressive regimes that threaten their rights as well as religions.
According to the researcher, discrimination, as well as inequality, possesses the potential to lead
a good number of individuals as well as families to move away from their homelands to other
countries as well as religions. Some of the examples include Canada, Australia, North America
and Europe.
Another massive group of immigrants is the who are being forcibly removed from their
home country by the government in order to achieve military, political as well as economic
objectives. According to researchers, wars including civil wars can be considered as the chief
reason behind the refugee crisis all over the world. According to a survey conducted in 2015, a
decade earlier, for every 60 seconds, 6 people are forced to leave their homes due to war. Other
reasons behind leaving the home nation and immigrate to a foreign land include seeking
opportunity for a better future be it education, health care or any other factors (Gonzaga, 2018,
April). When it comes to the huge amount of migration that took place during the 1800s, the
chief reason behind people migrating from their motherland to Australia includes high
unemployment in neighbouring countries and job opportunity in the nation (Karlsen, 2016). The
colonial government of Australia decided to encourage migrants for coming to the nation by
paying for the tickets of eligible applicants. Considering the fact that the unemployment rate was
high in Britain a good number of people had chosen to come. However, the voyage was not an
easy one.
That fact that there exists a basic difference between immigrants and refugee cannot be ignored.
An immigrant refers to an individual who by himself chooses to resettle to a foreign country.

2SOCIOLOGY
Australia has legal prices for the immigrants to see legal residency as well as eventual
citizenship. According to researchers, the chief reason behind moving from one country to
another as an immigrant is to improve their prospects of an individual as well as his/her family
(Holmes & Castañeda, 2016). When it comes to the concept of Refugees, they can be defined as
individuals who are compelled to move from their home nation to another nation in order to
either save their life or for preserving freedom. Unlike immigrants, refugees are forced to flee
their home country for the above-mentioned reason. In Australia, applicants of refugees need to
prove that if they return to their homeland, they possess the risk of getting injured or killed on
the basis of race, nationality, religion or other factors in order to apply for asylum in Australia.
The number of arrivals of migrants and refugees has been increased almost exponentially from
last decade. According to Refugee Council of Australia (2018), from 2009 to 2010, around
140,610 refugees and migrants were counted were almost 7% (9900) were humanitarian arrival.
The number of arrivals decreased in 2011 and became 127460 where 7.2% (9130) people were
humanitarian. On the next year 2011 to 2012 the arrival increased to 158940 where only 4.8%
(7576) peoples were humanitarian arrival. Within 2012 to 2013 the total 254,734 refugees and
migrants were counted were almost 7.2% (146,321) were humanitarian arrivals. In recent days
(2012 to 2013) the two major migrants and refugees settlement areas are New South Wales
(32.8% of total entrance) and Victoria (33.9% of total entrance). In last decade these are the two
major areas that hold almost 60% settlements including both migrants and refugees. Less than
one third of refugees in the mentioned nation’s humanitarian program are resettled from UNHCR
(Refugee Council of Australia, 2018). In 2018, approximately 4,940 of the 7,909 Refugee visas
were settled to individuals not referred by the UNHCR.