Positive and Negative Impact of Automation on Hospitality and Tourism Industries

Running Head: GLOBAL INNOVATION AND TREND
0
Global Innovation And Trend
Essay

GLOBAL INNOVATION AND TREND
1
Automation
Automation is a type of technology which is used to perform any task without human
assistance. In another word, it is an application of innovation or technology which is used to control
and monitor the production. There are many applications of automation such as tourism technology,
robotics, hospitality automation, and. Automation and advanced technologies play an important role
to develop hospitality, and tourism industries (Hotel executive, 2015). There are many applications
of automation in the tourism industry such as online advertising, informative website, online
booking system, and data transfer. Robotics is an advanced automation technology which is used in
many hospitals and industries. According to the applications of automation, computer technology
can be dividing into three areas such as operational, management, and services. There are many
applications of automation in hotels, and hospitals such as an automatic door, motion detection, and
automatic assign rooms, robots to transfer information, and mobile communication. This paper is
explaining the positive and negative impact of automation on the hospitality and tourism industries.
Many industries are using IoT technology to improve services and productivity of the operation.
Advanced technology for industries creates an efficient environment between customers and
industry partners and increase the quality of services (ArXiv.org, 2018).
The term automation was described in 1946 to improved use of automatic systems, devices,
and controllers. Generally, automation is used in manufacturing but it is also applicable to different
types of system that consist of electrical, electronics and mechanical components. It is defined as an
innovation that performs a process in terms of commands, and a feedback control system. The main
advantage of automation is that it can be operated or perform without human interference. The
term automation evolved from mechanization, which is a replacement of human energy with
mechanical power (Hospitality upgrades, 2014). Automation is a platform where another technology
is developed such as robotics, which is a branch of automation that provides automatic devices and
machines. There are many advantages of automation such as reduce efforts, improve efficiency,
reduce electric cost, saving the cost of materials, and improve the quality of work. There are two
types of feedback system such as open loop and closed loop feedback system. In open loop system,
feedback from operator does not depend upon the output process. In a closed-loop system,
feedback from an operator depends upon the output process (Research gate, 2017). The advanced
automation technologies are using closed loop feedback system for aircraft, and communication
industries. There are main three elements of automation such as power source, machine
programming, and feedback control system. There are many types of power sources available in the
market but generally, electric source is used in the automation industry. The main advantage of an
electric source is that it can be easily produced from other energy sources such as solar, a
hydroelectric system, fossil fuel source, and nuclear energy source. There are two types of activities
performed by the automation industry such as processing and data transfer system. In the
processing action energy source is applied to different processing operations such as shaping of an
object, and sweeping of data in a digital system. The transfer system is used in automation
manufacturing industry to perform work or task on a product. In this action product or data
transferred from one location to another location using processing steps. In the automation industry
term, a transfer is used to move data or signal from one state to another state using some
processing steps and provide proper information or data at the receiver (Mayer, 2008). The feedback

GLOBAL INNOVATION AND TREND
2
system is used in advanced automation technology, in which some part of output signal feedback to
the input signal. In the closed-loop system feedback controlling is used and there are five
components of feedback system such as an input signal, an output signal, controller, sensing
elements, and mixer. Machine programming is a main part of automation that provides a platform to
perform any task. Programming instructions are correlated to the feedback system (Conferinta,
2015).
Technology is the main part to develop the hospitality and tourism industries, advanced
software's, and automatic devices improve the quality and efficiency of tourism industries.
Automation is an advanced technology that provides many benefits to users or customers of any
tourism industry such as order food, online booking, e-commerce, data communication, check-in
and check-out system for users, and automatic assign rooms. There are many advantages of
automation and information technology such as improve productivity, reduce time, increase
services, reduce human errors, reduces queues at reception, and improve communication system for
customers (Munir, Kansakar, and Khan, 2017). Automation and mobile technologies play important
role in tourism industry such as customers can search or book a ticket online with the help of e-
commerce, order food online, and automatic assigning room in hotels. There are some negative
impact of automation and information technologies on hotels, and hospitals such as the use of
online payment method in a wrong economic transaction, rating from social websites, data hacking,
and lack of security in hospitals and hotels. In hospitality automation can improve the efficiency of
the process, various hotels and hospitals create pages to interact with customers. Automation has
helped to reduce time, cost, and improve productivity, increase services and efficiency. Through this
technology, both customers and owners of hotels can take benefit from a reservation,
communication system, and service system. Using of mobile communication, computer system,
internet connection, automation, and software in hotels are not for improving services but also a
part of survival in the society (Mohanty, Choppali, and Kougianos, 2016). The main advantage of
automation in the tourism industry is that it reduces human efforts, and replace humans with
robots. The impact of automation on the hospitality and tourism industries is that all customers can
compare the information about them through the internet. There are many advantages of
automation in the hospitality and tourism industry such as reduce time, immediate response, reduce
cost, provide self-service, and reduce human efforts. Automation improves productivity that means
it increases production rate and reduces human efforts. Many companies and industries use
automation technology and computer systems, therefore it reduces jobs for workers (Adelson.,
2016). There are some drawbacks of automation technology such as less versatility, required a large
investment, reduce jobs for workers, and high maintenance cost. Robotics is a part of automation
technology which is used by many industries to improve efficiency and productivity. Automation
system contains many sensors that detect motions, and when a customer entered a room than it
activates lights and control temperature of a room. The internet of things is an advanced technology
for industries and it is a part of automation technology. There are many technologies used in
automation such as cloud computing, IoT, mobile communication, and machine learning (Lee, and
Cheng, 2018).
According to the research, automation is increasing day by day through which the future of
human workers reduced. Many workers are affected by automation and many industries are using
automation to improve the quality and efficiency of operation. However, automation could impact