Autonomous Robots: A Comprehensive Analysis of Impacts on Society

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of autonomous robots, examining their key features, positive impacts, and negative consequences. The introduction highlights the transformative potential of robotics, categorizing robots as autonomous and manual, and emphasizing the increasing role of autonomous robots in various sectors. The overview defines autonomous robots as machines capable of operating without human intervention, and it distinguishes between four types: programmable, non-programmable, adaptive, and intelligent. Key features of autonomous robots are explored, including enhanced productivity, improved accuracy, increased safety, and cost savings across industries like construction, science, medicine, and domestic applications. However, the report also addresses the negative impacts, such as high maintenance costs and cybersecurity threats, which can undermine the benefits of automation. The report highlights the importance of addressing these challenges to maximize the benefits of autonomous robots while mitigating their risks. The conclusion summarizes the balance of positive and negative effects, suggesting measures to reduce any inconvenience caused by autonomous robots in organizations and daily life.

Running head: AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
Executive summary
The report mainly focus on the development of autonomous robots. The report discusses the
positive and negative side of these developments. The report mainly provides the idea about
the autonomous robots and their application. The focus of this article was over the key
features, the possible advantages and the negative consequences that has been faced due to
these autonomous bots. The suggestive measure are mentioned with the negative impacts to
reduce the inconvenience that are caused by the autonomous robot in the organization, and in
our daily lives.

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Table of Contents
Executive summary....................................................................................................................1
Introduction...........................................................................................................................3
Overview.................................................................................................................................3
Key features of the Autonomous robot.......................................................................4
Positive impacts of the autonomous robots..............................................................6
Negative impacts of the automated bots...................................................................8
Conclusion............................................................................................................................11
References................................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
The report mainly states the impact of the autonomous robots in the
human life. The robotics have been the reason that the humans have
been seeing the miracles becoming a certainty (Maeda et al. ,2018). The
robots have helped the human to bring the technological revolution and
make their lives easier. The robots are categorise in the two category:
autonomous and manual. The manual robot needs the human assistance
to perform work. The autonomous are the robots the bots that run on the
autonomy. These robots can work without human intervention.
According to the report, which says the autonomous robots has the
brought the ease and positive affects to the human life and also ease their
way of living, improvise the invention and explored the unexplored. The
autonomous robot have ease the complexity in human life. The workload
is easier, the medical procedures, defence(Konno & Mita, 2014). There is a
pro of the every con. The interdependence on this technology can have a
negative side. The autonomous robots work on the human instructions.
Therefore, if there are chances of development there could be the
chances of the destruction as well. Through this paper, the positive and

4AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
negative impacts of the development of the autonomous robot would be
discussed to know which has the upper hand.
Overview
The autonomous robots works on autonomy and without human
intervention. The autonomous robots are the merge of the sensory issues,
intervention and adaptability of these machines without any human aid.
There are four kinds of autonomous robots are developed by merging the
cognitive skills, logical reasoning and Information Technology. The
autonomous robots can detect location or the surroundings through
sensors.
They are mainly four types of autonomous robots:
1. Programmable autonomous robots: The autonomous robots that are
facilitated with the codes that are actuators at each point. This are
considered as first generation autonomous robots. These robots are
provided with the codes that are installed to perform only one task
at a time.
2. Non-programmable autonomous robots: the autonomous robots are
considered as Line followers. The autonomous robots are mostly
mechanically handled rather than just being programmed. Used
mostly in industrial constructing, factory manufacture.
3. Adaptive autonomous robots: the autonomous robots that are used
in field of research. These autonomous robots can adapt according
to the surroundings and mostly used in spraying, finger printing.
most application is shown in the factories with medical and control
system
4. Intelligent autonomous robots: The intelligent autonomous robots
are mainly considered the best for the storage and process of the
data. The robots mainly shows the property of self-sufficiency. The
autonomous robots are used for military application to home
appliances system.

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Key features of the Autonomous robot
The positive impacts have been brought in the technological era because
of the autonomous robots. The autonomous robots have been the part of
the human lives since 2007. It has been spreading its field in the every
sector of work. From simple construction to the space flights. The alarm to
the complicated medical procedure. The positive developments of these
autonomous robots are discussed in details as follows.
1. Productivity: the productivity of any industry is enhanced by the
usage of the autonomous robots. The autonomous robots helps in
better and faster results in no time. It is one time efforts taken and
investment done. The productivity is outnumbered as well as the
goods requirements are made without any changes. The
adaptability of the autonomous robots help in keeping the work
active even during adverse conditions.
2. Accuracy: the autonomous robots maintain accuracy with the
products or the work that have been instructed to the systems. They
maintain the requirements carefully with zero case of the errors.
The autonomous robots in turn save the money and increase the
revenue for the industries. The autonomous robots are not just
limited to industries, but also are necessary in the warfare, and
space flights. The actual measurement of the distance travelled,
temperature are recorded by their system and the bots act
according to the data recorded.
3. Safety : The autonomous robots helps in maintaining the safety of
human by substituting them in risky task like heighted building
construction, war fields and other dangerous task. The autonomous
robots works according to the given procedure that have been given
or fed in the system. With medical advancement and merging
information technology to feed the instruction to the system. The
complexity in the surgery can be fulfilled. It can be used under
hazardous conditions (Guitron, Guha, & Rus,2017)

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4. Savings: the autonomous robots provides a great amount of
savings reducing the workforce and increasing the magnitude of the
products. The better quality and better quantity helps the industry
to flourish its business. The autonomous robots enhance the waste
management by fewer errors regarding any project or product.
Saves money by reducing the risks of accidents and using fewer
materials.
Positive impacts of the autonomous robots
Design and Construction:
In the fast moving pace of 21 century, it is a necessity to maintain a
robotized and upgraded technology in the market-oriented environment.
The automation have aided the field of construction from the first step to
the last. The design is aided by the automated bots to create the 3D
printing of the models, blueprints that needs to follow in order to construct
a building. These bots analyse the initial condition of the site, its
surrounding to know whether a construction is possible or not. The bots
are integrated with several devices like barometer, auto meter,
thermometer and other devices that could analyse the site and shows the
possibility of the construction in that area.
In mining, earthworks and road construction needs the partial
automation and this is aided through the computer aided manufacturing.
The computer aided manufacturing helps in maintaining basic and
adequate proportions of the materials to be used while construction and
aids in the hazardous cases by substituting staff with the automated
machine in risky or hazardous cases. The automated robots can help in
prefabricating the materials according to the requirements. It has helped
in bringing the idea or the architecture of any project to reality.
Automated robots makes complex design to be possible in
reality(Menendez et al. 2018)

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Science and research: Automated robots have expanded the science and
technology way beyond human vision. They have opened opportunities
the numerous possibilities to question and find something. There is
nothing saved from the eyes of technology. The automated bots, the
computerised technology finds the answers from the roots. The
exponential growth with super computer ease the complex calculation,
finds new from the unexplored place, which was once beyond
possibility(Butun, Morgera & Sankar,2014). A. The automation have
provided the human to create invention like auto pilot cars, the virtual
reality and cyborg. The automated robots have been used for space
research as well. The bots have been used find the use in the medical
research and find the cure of the inevitable disease. The bots help in
finding new species that have been not been discovered yet. With the
help of the autonomous robots, there would be less threat to human lives,
since the adaptive robots can be used to research on the fields that are
beyond the human capabilities like undiscovered world of the ocean.
Medicine: the medical field has been upgrading for a real long time. There
are advancement taking place has been aided by the autonomous robots
from endoscopy to the laser treatments. The bots aids the medical
advancement like complexity in surgeries, it detects the medical situation
that are not been perceived by the humans.
Hazardous situation: the hazardous situation are faced by autonomous
robots just in case to minimise the risk of live of humans. The bots like
Hamzat robots work on the fields that involves nuclear reactor. The bots
will help in building better security of the lives since they are unaffected
with the radiation or the exposure to the toxic chemicals( Mead &
Matarić,2017).
The autonomous robots do the chemical plants, the nuclear plants,
and the oil refinery that has hazardous waste that could adversely affect
the human life.
Domestic Purposes: the autonomous robots having voice controls, auto
sensors aid household appliances. The automated bots help in the

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building the switching circuits, the kitchen appliances, The domestic
purposes aided with these automated bots makes the daily lives of human
easier. The intelligent system and the self-adjusting bots adjust
themselves according to the need of the humans (Wood, 2016).
Transport: the automated vehicles with autopilot have ease the transport
facility. The automated bots have the sensors that could detect the
obstacle in the path and safe drive the vehicle. The automobile and GPS
aid these bots to know the exact location. The temperature and the
geographical structure of the route, the exact location. The airplane uses
the autopilots to handle the planes for some time.
Negative impacts of the automated bots
Numerous benefits are delivered by the automated systems. There are
negative impacts that sometimes outcast the benefits of the automated
bots.
1. Cost maintenance: the automated bots might have made life much
easier and simpler. The fact that cannot be denied is that there is a
lot of money spent on the pre investment for the installation. The
maintenance and up gradation cost much. It is not affordable to all
the class of the society (Konno & Mita, 2014). The automated
systems needs the proper servicing once in the while. The
automated system will always need a proper surrounding to be
established in accordance with the organization. The training
regarding these automated bots to the stakeholder of the
employees. The proper services of the automated system is quite
important for the proper functioning and desired outputs of the
organization. The automated system have to be aided with proper
security frame in order to minimize threats persisted in the
organization ( Reichardt, Föhst, & Berns,2015).

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2. Cyber security and threat issues:
The automated robots needs proper internet and software aids to
enhance the smart technologies like GPS, wireless mobility may
make the systems prone to the security threats. The software
application and web applets are the essential parts of the
autonomous robots. This make it to face the vulnerability regarding
the software and the internet facilities. Enhanced automation is
highly prone to malware and the security threats. The system
without the security framework is highly prone to the intruder
attacks (Bartneck & Forlizzi, 2014). The storage and process of the
data is highly crucial to maintain the operation that have been
entrusted with the system. Any changes or unauthorised can
damage the organization abruptly.
Therefore, the digital security regarding these bots should be
highest priority. The codes of the programmable bots should always
be encrypted and the keys should be only shared with the
authorised personnel. There must be an extra team of people who
are trained under the network security to check the internal and
external data breach that can within and outside the respective
organization. The proper security must help in the better
performance of these bots with ensured security is one of the issues
that comes under the high maintenance. The digital security is still
developing and it is next to impossible to eradicate the threats
completely.
3. Reduced flexibility: The programmable automated robots may have
been producing the efficient goods in less time. We have the
increased productivity of any industrial organization. However, they
have a very limited scope of them in the organization there is no
cost management, one bot is limited to one work at a time. There is
the constant percentage of the production by these automated bots.
There is limited scope of the work that is done by the bots, which
can make the work quite slow. There must be advancement in their

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system to support multi-tasking. Since installing different bots for
different work might cost a huge revenue for the company or
industry to maintain each bot for specific work. The problem lies
with programmable bots that has to be reprogrammed in
accordance with the task. There is a constant need of updating and
up gradation of the software (Brugali& Gherardi,2016).
4. Anxiety and insecurity issues
This is an agreeable point that the humanoid bots are being the
substitute of the human workforce. These android and humanoid
bots have faster efficiency, lesser risk and more productivity than
the human force. The anxiety of being replaced will obviously
threaten the employment that was one leaded by the work force.
The organization that have been aided by the robotic or humanoid
workforce have lesser the number of employees that was once had
the jobs(Springer, Pugliese & Marocco,2015). With the dependence
of the technology and replacing bots over humans is sweeping the
large number of jobs and this could lead to the financial crisis of the
individual that have been practicing that job before.
Lack of exposure: Since the automated bots are so overpriced, that
it could not be have been afforded by all the class of the society.
There is still many levels of the society that have been untouched
regarding the knowledge of these systems (Pillai, Ferraro&
Matuszek, 2018), there must be an even exposure about these
automated systems. The people must know a proper training how to
use the automated system and bots before their actual applications
(Butun, Morgera & Sankar, 2014). The proper knowledge must be
provided to the stakeholders so that there is no malfunction of the
autonomous machineries. The proper exposure to the technology
should be given on the regular basis to the stakeholders of the
organization and the society.

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Reduced opportunities: the autonomous robots are replacing a large
number of jobs that was first done by humans. The proper efficiency
and the intelligent sensor can even work beyond capability. The
autonomous robots have been replacing the human workforce in
every field which in turned have reduced employments from
shopping malls to the industry. The drastic reduction of the
employment have also affected the economy drastically. The loss of
economy can be the huge setback for the company or any
organization.
Conclusion
The report mainly throws light upon the autonomous robots development
to be beneficial or hazardous for the humans. The dependence on the
humanoids have been started in year 2007 since then the robots have
been a part of our daily lives. In this article, the overview of the
autonomous bots have been discuss which discuss the types, definition
and function of the bots. The second part mainly discusses the key
features that are provided by these autonomous robots. The positive
impacts and the application discusses the benefits and the advantages of
these bots in fields of construction, risks, science, and medicine. A brief
description helps in supporting the findings of both positive and negatives
application of these bots. The negative side also discuss the
consequences and the problems that could be faced regarding the
practical use and implication of the overuse of this technology. The
suggestive measure included with the negative impact gives the idea how
to prevent such situation