Smoking Habits and Health Impact Survey

This survey delves into the smoking habits of individuals, inquiring about their daily or occasional smoking frequency, the number of cigarettes consumed, their starting age, monthly expenditure on cigarettes, and the primary reasons behind smoking. It further investigates the perceived health impacts of smoking, including changes in blood pressure, skin temperature, appetite, and respiratory function. The survey also gauges awareness of smoking-related diseases like coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Finally, it explores participants' beliefs about their ability to quit smoking and their stance on smoking regulations.

Running head: ANALYTICAL REPORT 1
Analytical Report
Name:
Institution Affiliation:

ANALYTICAL REPORT 2
Executive Summary
This analysis looks at the findings of a study which was done in Singapore on the causes and
effect of smoking on working adults. The sample is drawn from people who work in different
offices in Singapore and they are interviewed through a questionnaire. The findings are analysed
in terms of charts and graphs and a conclusion and recommendations are given as per findings.

ANALYTICAL REPORT 3
Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
Analysis of Causes and Effect of Smoking on Working Adults.....................................................4
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................4
2.0 Findings.....................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Gender....................................................................................................................................5
2.2 Age of Respondents...............................................................................................................5
2.3 Frequency of Smoking...........................................................................................................6
2.4 Sticks Smoked per Day..........................................................................................................6
2.5 When One Started Smoking...................................................................................................7
2.6 Monthly Expenditure on Cigarette Purchase.........................................................................7
2.7 Reasons for Smoking.............................................................................................................9
2.8 Greatest Source of Stress.....................................................................................................10
2.9 Effects Experienced after Smoking......................................................................................10
2.10 Diseases Caused by Smoking............................................................................................11
2.11 Whether One Can Quit Smoking at Anytime....................................................................12
2.12 Whether Smokers should be allowed to Smoke Anywhere Freely....................................13
3.0 Conclusions..............................................................................................................................13
4.0 Recommendations....................................................................................................................14
5.0 References................................................................................................................................15
6.0 Appendices..............................................................................................................................15

ANALYTICAL REPORT 4
Analysis of Causes and Effect of Smoking on Working Adults
1.0 Introduction
Smoking is a controversial topic in many countries especially in office settings. Many
countries have set up rules and regulations regarding smoking. Offices and different work places
have also set up restrictions on smoking. This is due to the fact that secondary smoke id believed
to affect different people in different ways including causing different dieseaes. Smoking is
believed to have many negative effects to those who directly smoke and is known to affect work
especially over a long period (Hall, 2015). This leads to reduced productivity in some workers
and the final effect is that it makes the company suffer too due to low performance of employee.
It also leads to absenteeism when workers miss going to work due to health issues which are
related to smoking.
A high number of deaths have been associated with smoking due to the diseases which
are eventually contracted by those who smoke. This has brought a great concern to many
organizations as they feel that it can be prevented if addicts can be rehabilitated or rate of
smoking can be reduced.
A study was done among various workers in Singapore on the causes and effects of
smoking on working adults. The study used a sample size of 60 respondents who were drawn
from random offices in Singapore. A questionnaire was administered to the respondents and they
were to answer various questions on smoking that would lead to the researcher knowing what
caused the smoking and what kind of effects it had on the respondents. The effect on the day to
day work of the respondents was also queried (WHO, 2015). The results were then presented in

ANALYTICAL REPORT 5
forms of charts and graphs and each was analysed separately so that different factors that
affected workers in terms of smoking could be determined.
2.0 Findings
2.1 Gender
Female
33%
Male
67%
Gender
Female
Male
The findings show that most respondents were male at 67% and the remaining were 335 made up
of females. This shows that most of the smokers were men.
2.2 Age of Respondents
18-29 Years
33%
30-44 Years
42%
45-64 Years
17%
Above 65 Years
8%
Age of Smokers
18-29 Years
30-44 Years
45-64 Years
Above 65 Years

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The findings show that the highest percentage of respondents were aged 30-44 years and made
up 42% of the sample. Respondents aged 18-29 made up 33% while 17% were aged 45-64 years.
Those above 65 years were 8%.
2.3 Frequency of Smoking
Daily
75%
Occasionally
25%
Frequency of Smoking
Daily
Occasionally
According to findings, most of the respondents smoked daily while some smoked occasionally.
75% smoked everyday hence showing that a large number of respondents were actually addicts.
Those who smoked occasionally were quite few out of the sample size of 60.
2.4 Sticks Smoked per Day
1-10 Sticks
25%
11-20 Sticks
67%
More than 20
8%
No of Cigarettes Sticks Smoked Per
Day
1-10 Sticks
11-20 Sticks
More than 20

ANALYTICAL REPORT 7
Respondents were asked how many cigarette sticks they smoked per day. A large number
smoked 11-20 sticks daily and this made up 67% hence showing that most of the respondents
were addicted to smoking. 25% of the respondents smoked 1-10 sticks and 8% did more than 20
cigarette sticks a day. This shows that a large number of people at the work places are addicted
to cigarettes and there may be some underlying factors causing this.
2.5 When One Started Smoking
Below 10 Years
8%
11-15 Years
17%
16-19 Years
67%
20 and Above
8%
Age One Started Smoking
Below 10 Years
11-15 Years
16-19 Years
20 and Above
Many of the respondents began smoking when aged 16-19 years as this makes up 67% of the
sample population. This shows that many started smoking while still in school, and this was most
probably due to peer pressure and other teenage issues that they may have faced. 17% of the
respondents started smoking while they were 11-15 years, 8% started smoking while they were
20 and above and another 8% started smoking at below 10 years.
2.6 Monthly Expenditure on Cigarette Purchase

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$50 -
$100 $101 -
$150 $151 -
$200 $201 -
$250 $251 -
$300 $301
and
above
0
4
8
12
16
20
Monthly Expenditure on Cigarette
Purchase
Monthly Expenditure on
Cigarette Purchase
The questionnaire also sought to find out the amount of money that respondents spent on
cigarettes each month. From the findings, a majority of respondents spend between $201 and
$250. This is followed by the second group of about 13 who spend $251-$300. This shows that
most respondents spend a lot of money on cigarettes hence showing that they are highly
addicted.

ANALYTICAL REPORT 9
2.7 Reasons for Smoking
Feel the craving to smoke
To Keep Occupied
To Help Concentrate
To Relieve Stress
To Feel Relaxed
To Cope With Problems
To Fit in and Bond with My Peers
To Entertain Clients
Other Reasons
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Reasons for Smoking
Reasons for Smoking
The research also sought to find out why the respondents smoked. Most of the respondents
smoke so that they cope with problems and they relieve stress. This shows that the work place
leads to stress and many workers resort to cigarette smoking so that they cope with the same.
People also resort to smoking cigarettes so that they can cope with different problems that they
face in their lives.

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2.8 Greatest Source of Stress
Work
Studies
Peers
Family
Finances
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Greatest Source of Stress
Greatest Source of Stress
The respondents were asked what was their major source of stress. Most respondents are stressed
by the work that they do. A number are also greatly stressed by finances.The rest of the
respondents were stressed by family, peers and studies. The greatest cause of stress was therefore
work and this caused many to smoke so that they could relieve some of this stress.
2.9 Effects Experienced after Smoking
Increased blood pressure and heart rate
Decreased blood flow to fingers and toes
Decreased skin temperature
Bad Breath
Decreased appetitie
Dizziness
Nausea, abdominal cramps and vomiting
Headache
Coughing, due to smoke irritation
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Effects of Smoking
Effects of Smoking

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The respondents were asked what effects they may have experienced due to smoking. Most of
the respondents experienced bad breath and increased blood pressure. A high number of
respondents also suffered from coughing and lack of appetite. This shows that those who smoked
suffered from a number of negative side effects and this was most probably caused by the
addiction that led to chain smoking. The chain smoking after a number of years led to these
effects.
2.10 Diseases Caused by Smoking
Coronary heart disease
Stroke
Cancer
Diminished health, increased
absenteeism from work, and
increased healthcare
utilization
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Diseases Caused by Smoking
Diseases Caused by Smoking

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The respondents were asked whether they were aware of the effects of smoking in terms of the
diseases that they could suffer from. Findings show that most respondents felt that smoking led
to diminished health and absenteeism from work. The other respondents felt that it also led to
cancer, stoke and coronary heart disease (Eriksen, Mackay & Ross, 2013). This means that
smoking is believed to negatively affect health hence leading to high absenteeism from the
workplace. This affects processes and efficiency at places of work.
2.11 Whether One Can Quit Smoking at Anytime
Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Can one quit smoking at any time?
Can one quit smoking at any
time?
The respondents were asked about their feelings on whether one could quit smoking easily. The
majority of respondents strongly disagree that it is easy to quit smoking, A very small number of
respondents say that it is easy to quit smoking. This shows that a very large number of workers
are addicts and find it very difficult to quit smoking. It means that the thought of quitting gets
them stressed up and they do not think it can be done.

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2.12 Whether Smokers should be allowed to Smoke Anywhere Freely
Yes
93%
No
7%
Should smokers be allowed to smoke
anywhere?
Yes
No
According to the findings, 93% of respondents feel that they should be allowed to smoke
anywhere. Only 7% feel that there should be restrictions on smoking. This goes to show that a
large number of workers actually feel that they are restricted and this affects their patterns of
smoking. They feel that they should be allowed to smoke anywhere they want to and only a few
places should be restricted. A very small percentage of smokers are actually sensitive to the
needs of non-smokers.
3.0 Conclusions
The study shows that a large number of people who work turn to smoking due to the
stress and pressures of the work place. Many of the respondents were addicts and generally felt
that quitting smoking would be impossible (WHO,2015). As much as the dangers of smoking
were known, many find it quite difficult to quit the habit. Many workers are aware that smoking

ANALYTICAL REPORT 14
leads to diminishing health and can greatly affect work performance and patterns but they still
carry on with the behavior.
4.0 Recommendations
The study was done on workers and it is recommended that a further study be extended to
business owners and managers so that further causes and effects of smoking can be ascertained.
There should be talks in workplaces and within the community on the negative effects of
smoking to health and how it affects work (Hall, 2015). Those who are addicted should be
encouraged to stop and this should be done through rehabilitation centers that can be organized
through various workplaces. As different studies are done, recommendations should be given to
assist workers in turning to healthy lifestyles.

ANALYTICAL REPORT 15
5.0 References
Eriksen, M., Mackay, J., & Ross, H. (2013). The tobacco atlas (No. Ed. 4). American Cancer
Society.
Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health
effects of recreational cannabis use?. Addiction, 110(1), 19-35.
World Health Organization. (2015). The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: 10
years of implementation in the African Region. World Health Organization.

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6.0 Appendices
Causes and Effects of Smoking Among Working Adults
A SURVEY ON CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF SMOKING AMONG WORKING ADULTS
The Ministry of Health (MOH) is conducting a survey to learn more about the causes and effects of
smoking among working adults. All information gathered will be kept confidential. Thank you.
(Personal data)
Part A
(* - delete accordingly)
Name *(Mr/Miss): _____________________________________
Address: ___________________________________________________________________________
Contact No.: ___________________________ Gender: * Male / Female
Age: 18 to 29 years old  30 to 44 years old
45 to 64 years old  Above 65 years old
Please answer the following questions:
Part A
1. How often do you smoke?
 Daily
 Occasionally
2. How many stick do you smoke per day or when you smoke occasionally? (Indicate your
response by placing a tick in the appropriate box.)
 1 to 10
 11 to 20
 more than 20

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3.When did you start smoking?
 Below 10
 11 - 15
 16 - 19
 20 and above
4. What is yours monthly expenditure on cigarette purchase?
 $50 - $100
 $101 - $150
 $151 - $200
$201 - $250
 $251 - $300
 $301 and above
5. What is/are the reason(s) why you smoke?(Tick the relevant options.)
 Feel the craving to smoke
 To keep occupied
 To help concentrate
 To relieve stress
 To feel relaxed
 To cope with problems
 To fit in and bond with my peers
To entertain clients
 Others (please specify):__________________________________
6. What is your greatest source of stress?(Rank the following by order of priority: 1 being the
most relevant and 5 being the least relevant.)
 Work
 Studies
 Peers
 Family
 Finances
7. Can you indicate what the effects that you have experienced after smoking? (Tick the
relevant options.)
 Increased blood pressure and heart rate

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 Decreased blood flow to fingers and toes
 Decreased skin temperature
 Bad breath
 Decreased appetite
 Dizziness
 Nausea, abdominal cramps and vomiting
 Headache
 Coughing, due to smoke irritation
8. Which of the following are you aware of that can caused by smoking?(Tick the relevant
options.)
 Coronary heart disease
 Stroke
 Cancer
 Diminished overall health, increased absenteeism from work, and increased health care
utilization
9. I can quit smoking anytime I want to?
 Strongly Disagree
 Disagree
 Neutral
 Agree
Strongly Agree
10. Smokers should be allowed to smoke anywhere freely? Why?
 Yes
 No
Please state your reason.
Thank you for your response.