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Boiling Points of Organic Compounds: Assignment

   

Added on  2020-03-23

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Boiling points of organic compounds 1BOILING POINTS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDBy NameCourseInstructorInstitutionLocationDate

Boiling points of organic compounds 2Background information The boiling point is the point at which a liquid will turn into a gas. This is realized when the forces of attraction in the liquid break due to the application of heat [ CITATION Ash12 \l 1033 ].When the forces of the attraction breaks and the losses, the forces formed will be very weak in which in most cases they form weak van der Waal forces of the gases (forming gaseous substances). The boiling points of a pure substance like for the compound given have a very sharp point and it is affected by a number of factors of the molecular structures. Some of these common factors are the weight, size, bonds and the molecular structure. A compound with a relatively higher molecular weight will have a relatively higher boiling point while those with relatively lower molecular weight will have a relatively lower boiling point [CITATION Sch13 \l 1033 ]. This is because for a compound with a relatively higher molecular structure will require relatively higher heat energy to break the molecular structure. Another important factor is the forces of attraction and the molecular structure of a compound. A compound with a relatively strong forces of attraction like hydrogen forces will require a relatively higher heat to help break these forces thus become loose and forms gaseous substance[ CITATION Eri12 \l 1033 ]. While the compounds with relatively lower bonds and molecular structures like the weak van der Waal forces will require relatively lower heat energy to break the forces of attraction to form a gaseouscompound. For the weak held bonds, they require a less heat to break the weakly held bonds to form gaseous compound [ CITATION Mar122 \l 1033 ]. These four compounds have relatively higher boiling points because all of them have hydrogen bonds. When their boiling points are reached then the hydrogen bonds are broken to form weak van der Waal forces of the respective gases. From the list given of substances 1-

Boiling points of organic compounds 3pentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanone, their boiling point actually does not reduce as in the given list in the question but they reduce as below [ CITATION Ale13 \l 1033 ];1.1- Hexanol – 1570C2.1-pentanol -1380C3.2-Methyl-1-butanol-1290C4.3-methyl-2-butanone-940C From the above boiling point it is clear that the boiling point reduces as follows;1-hexanol, 1-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanone. The decrease arrangement of the boiling point of these four compounds can be substantiated by the molecular formula, molecular mass and the structure of the above compound. The hydrogen bond cannot be applied here to substantiate which compound is having a higher boiling point because all the four are having the hydrogen bond. So for these compounds, the use of the molecular weight and the structure are the best parameters to substantiate for the boiling point arrangement as given above[CITATION HSt15 \l 1033 ]. 1-Hexanol has a molecular weight of 102.17 g/ mol with a molecular formula of CH3(CH2)4CH2OH ( condensed molecular formula), 1- pentanol has a molecular weight of 88.168g/ mol with a molecular formula of C5H12O, 2-Methyl-1-butanol has a molecular weight of 88.148 g/mol with a molecular formula of CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH (condensed molecular structure) while the 3-methyl-2-butanone has a molecular weight of 86.13g /mol having a molecular formula of C5H10O. The molecular weight of the compound fully substantiates the trend of the above boiling point. And the variation in the boiling point is proportional to the molecular weight [ CITATION Wil141 \l 1033 ]. This can be seen where the variation between 1-

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