Functional Areas in Business Organizations

This report discusses the different functional areas in business organizations and the skills needed by employees to work effectively in these areas. It covers topics such as marketing, human resources management, customer service, finance, research and development, and sales. The report also provides insights into the importance of functional areas in a business and their role in directing and operating the business. The skills required by employees in each functional area are highlighted, including communication skills, strategic thinking, and teamwork.

BSc (Hons) Business Management with Foundation
BMP3004
World of Work
Functional Areas
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Table of Contents
1.0INTRODUCTION
.........................................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
2.0 What is business?..................................................................................................................3
3.0 What is Functional areas of business ...................................................................................3
4.0 What are the key functional areas of a business? ..............................................................3
5.0 Description of the various functional areas in business organizations.................................4
5.1Marketing: .............................................................................................................................4
5.2 Human Resources Management:...........................................................................................4
5.3 Customer Service..................................................................................................................5
5.4 finance...................................................................................................................................5
5.5 Research and development...................................................................................................5
5.6 sales.......................................................................................................................................5
6.0 Description of the types of skills needed by employees to be able to work effectively in
these functional areas .................................................................................................................5
6.1 Skills needed by Marketing employees.................................................................................6
6.2 Skills needed by Human Resource Management employees ...............................................6
6.3 Skills needed by Customer Service employees ...................................................................6
6.4 Skills needed by Finance employees.....................................................................................6
6.5 Skills needed by Research and Development employees ....................................................7
6.6 Skills needed by Sales employees.........................................................................................7
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7

1.0INTRODUCTION
A business is a term which explain as an company or any organisation which is involved
and engaged in the activities that is related to professional, industrial and commercial. An
business term also advert to the efforts and contribution or the actions of the person to generate
and trade the products and services for gaining profitability. This report is going to discuss on
one case study which is based on one person that is John, 21 year old guy want to purchase an
company IOM Electronics Ltd (Alter, 2017). Also, this report is going to discuss on he different
kind of functional areas in the company and the types of skills which is required by workers to
make them effective in the functional area.
MAIN BODY
2.0 What is business?
Business is the term that describe an entity or a enterprise which is occupied and reserved
in functions which is connected to few activities and actions such as commercial activities,
professional activities and industrial activities. An business is an enterprise or any organisation in
which the individuals work together and make profit. There are few types of business Sole
proprietorship, partnership, Limited Liability company, corporation.
3.0 What is Functional areas of business
Functional areas are the units of the workers who have same expertness and skills.
Functional area are very important for the any business and any organisation because they build
effectiveness and efficiency in the business. There are several kinds of functional area involve in
the business and that is strategies, operations, equipments finance and many more.
4.0 What are the key functional areas of a business?
There are mainly six functional area of a business which include operations, technology,
management, marketing, finance and accounting. The key functional area of any business are
mentioned below:
Management: management is the procedures of planning, organising, controlling, and directing
the activities and strategies of the company. As John is thinking about operating new company
so this area is much required for them in order to direct the business effectively.

Operations: Operations are the term in which inputs means production are converted into outputs
means final products. This is most important part of the business because without products, an
owner can not make profit and run their business.
Marketing: Marketing is the activity which helps the company to advertise their products in the
market and reach with more consumers (Johnson, 2018). This strategies or area also helps the
John to meet with the consumer and show their ideas and products in front of them.
Accounting: Accountants of the company cater information and data to the managers in order to
make decisions for the company in regards of allotment of the resources in the company. This
functional area helps the company to show their financial transaction of the business to internal
and external parties means stakeholders, investors, government and many more.
Finance: This is much connected to the accounting functions and this function include planning
and making strategies for acquiring and handling the funds of the company. The managers of the
finance team handle both requirements of the finance which is short term and long term.
Technology: This functional is also much important for the business now a days because as in
today's time everyone believes and want according to trend with more facilities so this function
helps the company to become more innovative and grab more opportunities for the company.
5.0 Description of the various functional areas in business organizations
As the functional area are very important and plays a most important role for directing
and operating the business (Spence, 2016). There are different functional area which are much
required for the John to know about them in order to direct and operate their business
successfully with more effectively. There are various functional areas in business company are
mentioned below:
5.1Marketing:
Marketing is the term which consist all the activities that an organisation does to analyse
and identify the requirements and wants of the consumer. The marketing term or the functions
also involve few activities like promoting and advertising their goods and services. Now a days
company is also using digital media marketing in order to grab and attract wide range of the
consumers towards the company.

5.2 Human Resources Management:
Human resources management team plays an important role in the organisation. They
cater so many facilities to the employees. Human resources team do several kinds of activities
like hiring, recruiting, selecting, training and development and many more. Human resources
management is a very effective and powerful strategic approaches that help the company to gain
more opportunities and gain more competitive advantages for the company. It helps the company
to improve and enhance the performance level of the workers and accomplish the goals in the
given and targeted time period.
5.3 Customer Service
Customer services is the function which cater the support and assistance to the current
and potential consumers of the organisation. This functions helps the company to solve the
problems and queries of the person by using social media platforms, phones, direct
communication and many more ways.
5.4 finance
Finance is the term which described as the management of the funds. This function also
involve few activities and operations like forecasting, saving, budgeting, lending (Uhl and
Gollenia, 2016). The managers of the finance team make strategies for long term as well for
short term to examine the requirements and the affects of financial stability in the company.
5.5 Research and development
Research and development involve the actions and activities which an organisation takes
to innovate and acquaint new services and new products. This function help the company to
know about the way and future of the business. As this function cater an information which is
very important and also support strategic decision making.
5.6 sales
The term sales involves each activities and functions which are include in trading a goods
or services to any organisation or any consumer. The aims and purpose of the sales is to trade the
products and services and make money.

6.0 Description of the types of skills needed by employees to be able to work effectively in these
functional areas
There are several skills which is required by the workers in order to become much
effective in the functional area and these are mentioned below:
 Ability to inspire other people: it is much required and mandatory skills that help the
person to make them these functional area effective. Because when the person can not
inspire other how they trade their products to consumers and motivate the people to work
with them.
 Strategic Thinking: In today's time, there are more uses of technology and new
innovations so its much required and needed for the person to make them capable and
think different with more effective ideas so that they can produce and generate more
innovative ideas for the company.
 Effective communication: effective communication is the key which make and build the
strong relationship among the employees and the organisation(Vazquez, 2018). Specially
managers of the company are much required to talk effectively and clearly so that they
can share their messages clearly and make sure there will be no confusion among the
employees.
6.1 Skills needed by Marketing employees
There are several types of skills which is much required for marketing employees in order
to trade their goods and services in the market. The first skills consumer knowledge because it is
much required to know about the needs and requirements of the person. The another skills is
team work, as the marketing employees cooperating not only with their team but they are
collaborating with several teams in order to complete their projects.
6.2 Skills needed by Human Resource Management employees
Human management employees required several skills and which is communication skills
in order to attract the candidates and make them feel comfortable. Organisational skills in order
to maintain the environment of the company. Training and development skills, budgeting skills
and there are so many more.

6.3 Skills needed by Customer Service employees
The customer services employees should adopt the skills that have to power to satisfy the
question and queries of the consumers and which is capabilities to apply and use positive and
effective communication, make sure the employee have to power of self control and be patient in
order to understand and analyse the situations of the consumers.
6.4 Skills needed by Finance employees
The finance employees needed the skills that is analytical skills in this accounting work
and task is needed, company and market knowledge in order to identify the budget and funds
procedure(Vom Brocke and Mendling, 2018). Time management skills, capabilities and power to
communicate with stakeholders in order to make better relationship.
6.5 Skills needed by Research and Development employees
The skills which are required by research and development workers is effective utilisation
of networks, always respect ownership, be patient always in order to know about something very
deeply , project management, IT skills and many more.
6.6 Skills needed by Sales employees
Skills which is much required by the sales employees is listening, knowledge about the
goods and services, market knowledge, strategic prospective skills and knowledge, time
management and many more skills.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report It has been concluded that function area of any business
plays an important role in the company. They provide so many facilities and services to the
company and to the employees to make them capable to handle the situation and grow in the
market. This report also described about the skills and capabilities of the employees in order to
make them functional area more effective. These things are very needed and helpful because
these things will going to help the John in directing and operating new business.

REFRENCES
Books and Journal
Alter, A., 2017. Irresistible: The rise of addictive technology and the business of keeping us
hooked. Penguin.
Johnson, C., 2018. 4. Political Institutions and Economic Performance: The Government-
Business Relationship in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwau. In The political economy of
the new Asian industrialism (pp. 136-164). Cornell University Press.
Spence, L.J., 2016. Small business social responsibility: Expanding core CSR theory. Business &
Society, 55(1), pp.23-55.
Uhl, A. and Gollenia, L.A. eds., 2016. A handbook of business transformation management
methodology. Routledge.
Vazquez, P., 2018. Family business ethics: At the crossroads of business ethics and family
business. Journal of Business Ethics, 150(3), pp.691-709.
Vom Brocke, J. and Mendling, J., 2018. Business process management cases. Digital Innovation
and Business Transformation in Practice. Berlin et al.: Springer.