Business and the Business Environment

This document explores the relationship between different organizational functions and their impact on business objectives and structures. It also discusses the size, scope, and structure of various types of organizations. Additionally, it examines the positive and negative impacts of the macro environment on business operations and analyzes the internal and external factors affecting specific organizations. Furthermore, it explains how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors.

Business and the Business
Environment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................1
P1: Provide different types of organisations with their purpose.................................................1
P2: Consist the size and scope of several types of organisations................................................3
M1: Evaluate how structure, scope and size of different organisations links to business
objectives, products and services of provided by organisations.................................................5
TASK2.............................................................................................................................................5
P3: Define the relationship between different organisational functions and how they link to
organisational objectives and structures......................................................................................5
M2: Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of interrelationship between organisational
functions and their impact on organisational structure...............................................................6
D1: Provide a critical analysis over difficulties of several types of business structures and
interrelationships of different organisational functions..............................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4:Identify the positive and negative impacts the macro environment has upon business
operations, supported by specific examples................................................................................7
M3 Apply appropriately the PESTLE model to support a detailed analysis of the macro
environment within an organisation..........................................................................................10
D2 Critically evaluate the impacts that both macro and micro factors have upon business
objectives and decision-making................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Explain internal and external analysis of specific organisations in order to identify
strengths and weaknesses..........................................................................................................10
P6 Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors.................13

M4 Apply appropriately SWOT analysis and justify how they influence decision making.....14
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Business is refer as the firm that seeks profit and revenues through offering product and
services in exchange for payment or money. It is also consist as the entity or broad term which
includes provide goods & services in order to satisfy needs and wants of people (What Is a
Business?, 2020). whereas business environment refers to the combination of both internal and
external factors that have an impact on the business. Business environment helps in providing
various opportunities and identify the threats of the company. It helps the businesses to gain
competitive advantages and helps in gathering more resources for the firm. In this report Aston
Martin is selected, it is an (Aggarwal, Mittal, and Rasheed, 2019) British sports cars and grand
tourer. The headquarter of the company is in Gaydon England, UK. Aston Martin was founded
in 1947, by David Brown. This report various information such as it includes different types of
organizations and their purpose, size, scope of different organizations. It also includes
relationship between different organizational functions and how organization link their
objectives. Furthermore, it include various impact of macro environment on the respective
organization, also internal and external analysis of the organization and in the last explanation of
how the strength and weakness of the company inter relate with external macro factor.
TASK1
P1: Provide different types of organisations with their purpose.
Organisation defined as the collection of people who involved in different objectives and
division of work among human resources and assign tasks towards accomplishment of ultimate
goal of business (Bland and Osterwalder, 2019).
Types of organisations: It is designed on the basis of principle of labour & span of
management. Success of an organisation is depend upon the experience and competence of
management of business. Nature, size, scale and structure are the major factors that indicates the
difference between different types of organisations. There are several types of organisations
explained in detail as follows:
Private sector organisation: It refers as the type of organisation whose main purpose is to make
money and employs more workers than public sector. A private sector organisation is created
and made by forming a new enterprise or through privatizing a public sector organisation. A
large private sector organisation or corporation may be privately or publicly traded. It can
1

collaborate with government run agencies in arrangements called public-private partnerships.
Private sector organisations plays significant role in both urban and economic development &
also offers job opportunities for social being (Brotspies and Weinstein, 2019). Thus it consist as
economy owned, managed and controlled by individuals & businesses seeking to generate profits
and revenues.
Purpose: The primary purpose of private sector business organisations is to make profits for
successful operation and growth of firm. It is the part of economy that is run by individuals and
companies for profit and is not controlled by state government. The private sector tends to make
up a larger share of economy in free market and capital based societies.
Legal structure
1. Sole productivity: It refers as the form of business organisations where it is owned,
controlled and managed by a single person who bears all the risks and enjoys profits
alone.2. Company: It is defined as an artificial person that exist only in the eyes of law having a
separate legal entity and common seal.
Public limited companies: It refers as the company listed on recognized stock exchange
and stocks that are traded publicly. Aston martin comes under this category of organisational
types that offers luxury sports cars with aim as to provide luxury comfort and ride for
customers.
Private limited companies: It is defined as the company which is neither listed on stock
exchange nor traded publicly.
3. Partnership: It consist as an association of two or more individuals who agrees to carry
business together and shares profits and risks collectively.
Public sector organisation: It refers as the organisations that are owned and operated by the
government which offers services for citizens. Public sector organisations provides a range of
governmental services includes infrastructure, education and transportation for public, health
care and military services. It varies as per country to country and depending upon legislation of
government. It plays significant role in delivery of public services especially health in
underdeveloped and low income countries.
Purpose: The main purpose of these types of organisations is to provide best service at any cost
and utilise resources to maximise productivity of country. Generally these type of firms focuses
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on providing services that can be beneficial for entire society rather than only those who uses the
services. Its main aim is to services providing as compared to private sector whose main aim is to
profit maximisation.
Legal structure
 Central: It involves governmental bodies who attain benefits and advantages from
corporate organisations in terms of taxation applied in order to serve society. For instance
BBC news which England based public sector organisation.
 Local: These are the types of governmental that charges council taxes in the form of
governmental legislations.
 State: This type of government that exercise rights which are based on department of
organisation.
voluntary sector organisation: It refers as the type of organisation whose main purpose is to
create social impact rather than profit. Voluntary sector organisations are also called as third
sector, civil society or non-profit organisations. It consist as the generic term used to describe
specific type of organisation, sometimes refers as non-profit firms. Voluntary organisations
emphasizes the fact that citizens freely these organisations and thus they create autonomous &
independent of both government and market (Palalić and et. al., 2019).
Purpose: The purpose of this voluntary sector organisation is to fulfil their mission and work for
greater good in specific way rather than to make profit. Thus it aimed as to make different things
that helps the welfare of society.
Legal structure
 Trust: It refers as the obligation arising out of personal confidence reposed in and
accepted voluntary by one individual. David Suzuki Foundation is a suitable example of
voluntary sector association, a science based non-profit organisation works to protect
natural environment and helps to create sustainability for natural sources.
 Charitable incorporated association (CIA): It is defined as the form of organisation
designed for charitable firms in UK whose main benefit is to have legal personality.
P2: Consist the size and scope of several types of organisations.
There are different types of organisations that varies as per their size scope, nature etc.
performs significant role in introducing products and services and running business effectively.
Following are the examples of types of organisations based on private, public and voluntary
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sector that has prominent impact over development of economy and provides welfare for society
(RAO, 2020).
Aston Martin
It is a global holding plc which is known as British independent manufacturer of luxury
sports cars & grand tours. It was founded in 1913 with its headquartering in Gaydon, UK. It is a
public limited company based on private sector.
Size & scope: Aston martin has over 160 car dealers in 53 countries making in a global auto
mobile brand. The headquarter of respective organisation is are spread in 22 hectare and it has 36
hectare factory in St Athan, Wales. When it comes to number of employees it has 2450 staffs as
of 2019.
Products & services:The one and only product which is sale by Aston martin is luxury sports car
with giving comfort and grand tours to customers in order to satisfy their needs and wants. When
it comes to models of respective firm's cars includes Aston martin DB11, Aston martin DBS
Superleggera, Aston martin DBX, Aston martin Vantage etc. (Rofiq and Pramono, 2019).
Objectives: The main objective of Aston martin is to expand its target audience and to provide
luxury comfort and experience to its customers in order to meet market demand and trends.
BBC
It is a British broadcasting company which is founded in 1922 by HM government, John
Reith with its headquartering in London, England, UK. It is world's oldest and largest national
broadcasters. It provides breaking news, sports news, TV, radio a lot of services to its customers.
Size & scope: BBC involves over 22,000 staff and more than 1600 employees in public sector.
The overall staffs of BBC news includes 35,402 employees based on part time, flexible and
flexible contract staffs. It offers 24 hours news reporting. Revenues of respective organisation
arise as $ 4.889 billion as off 2019. thus BBC news in broad in scope that shows effective growth
of the firm (Shukla and Pattnaik, 2019).
Products & services: BBC news products includes broadcasting and web portals that has
prominent role in delivering the services towards viewers and audiences. These services may
includes live telecasts, sports, political, central, state based and international news feeds that
helps to communicate each and every major aspect of nation as well as international to general
people. Majorly services of BBC news consists of TV, radio and online.
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Objectives: The main objective and mission of BBC is to act in the public interest, serving the
needs and wants of audience through high quality & distinctive output and services that inform,
educate and entertain public.
David Suzuki Foundation
It consist as the foundation which is science based non-profit organisation and
environmental organisation. The company founded in 1991 by David Suzuki and Tara Elizabeth
Cullis with its headquartering in Vancouver, Canada. It registered as the Canadian charity with
having 40,000 donors.
Size & scope: When it comes to scope and size of above organisation incorporates that it has
40,000 donors from which 95% are Canadian.
Products & services: David Suzuki Foundation offers charity services in order to protect and
secure environment from harmful things.
Objectives: The main objective of firm is to protect nature while balancing human needs and
wants. Thus it provide charity in order to save environment from harmful gases, non-renewable
resources that leads to protect the nature.
M1: Evaluate how structure, scope and size of different organisations links to business
objectives, products and services of provided by organisations.
Based on above analysis it is observed that there are inter link between objectives and
offerings of different organisations towards their scope, size and structure. For instance Aston
martin is a large scale private company that has large number of employees who works hard for
accomplishment of business objectives that are created in order to satisfy customer needs. This
plays prominent role in achievement of business targets and helps to grow business. Thus all
these things are interlinked with each other that reflects positive impact over business
performance and operation.
TASK2
P3: Define the relationship between different organisational functions and how they link to
organisational objectives and structures.
There are several department of different organisation that plays prominent role in
accomplishment of business objectives and helps towards effective & smooth functioning of
firm. For instance marketing, finance, HR and some more that are related with one another that
5

supports targets achievements. Aston martin has different departments that has prominent role in
successful accomplishment of business objectives (Vlados and Chatzinikolaou, 2019).
Relationship of these departments are explained as follows:
Marketing & Human resource department: Marketing department of respective firm invested
huge money in analysing needs and wants of target market in order to make effective goods and
promote them at a broad place so as to attract more customers. Human resource is the department
that plays significant role in conducting surveys and communicating or displaying goods and
services in front of customers so as to satisfy their needs in effective manner. Thus it reflects as
interrelationship between both the department that added a value towards attainment of business
goals.
Finance & IT department: In context of respective organisation the information & technology
department is responsible for technological advancement of its products and services that has
prominent impact over brand expansion as well as profit maximisation. It take constant
initiatives towards use of new and advanced technology. Finance department plays significant
function and role in operating significant changes requires in terms of technological
advancement for business through allocating funds. R&D is responsible for adopting new and
advanced technology and finance department allocates funds for successful implementation of
these technologies.
Operation & RD department: Aston marting has effective research and development
department that plays significant function in analysing market needs, trends and helps to analyse
the need of development of new products in order to meet market demand. Then operation
department is responsible to make and develop products and outputs as per the analysis of R&D
department. This is important in order to identify market demand & latest trends and then satisfy
the needs of customers that leads to profit maximisation of firm as well as increasing sales
revenues of business (Cepel and et. al., 2019).
M2: Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of interrelationship between organisational functions
and their impact on organisational structure.
On the basis of above analysis it is concluded that there are some benefits of
interrelationship between above department including it helps in smooth functioning of business
without any interruption. All department performs their jobs well and helps each other in provide
needed information and knowledge. It develop mutual cooperation and coordination between
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different departments and creates a sense of effectiveness in accomplishment of common
objectives. On the other hand interrelationship between different departments of firm reflects
some drawbacks such as- dependency of departments on each other may creates delay in entire
process. For instance if finance department not provide fund it affects entire production and leads
dissatisfaction towards customers (Sinha, 2020).
D1: Provide a critical analysis over difficulties of several types of business structures and
interrelationships of different organisational functions.
Structure of each and every organisation is different that reflects diverse culture and
operation of firm. In context of respective organisation has broad structure. There are different
departments of respective firm that hare interrelated with each other. Ineffective coordination
and cooperation of these department may creates complexities for accomplishment of business
objectives. For instance internal conflicts between different departments may arise due to poor
coordination and cooperation between them that impact organisation in adverse ways
(Wierzbicki and Nowodziński, 2019).
TASK 3
P4:Identify the positive and negative impacts the macro environment has upon business
operations, supported by specific examples.
PESTLE Analysis is a marketing tool which is designed to study external factors that helps in
day to day planning of the business. In simple words, the analysis done to keep a track of the
environmental conditions of the market is called PESTLE analysis. PESTLE when expanded
denotes the external factors – Political, Economical, Sociological, Technological, Legal and
Environmental. For a retailer like As, PESTLE (Ahmad, Masri, and Lee, 2019) analysis is done
to analyse the external environment to ascertain the success of the company. In following, there
is an explanation of Pestle assessment of UK for Aston Martin perspective:
Political Factors:
Factors involving the intervention of the Government that might affect the economy and day to
day business operations. Some of them like level of corruption, Taxation Policies, Fiscal Policy,
trade restrictions, Foreign Trade Policy, labour laws, political stability and etc.
4. Positive Impacts:
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1. UK has a very low corruption rate which will be very much beneficial for Aston
Martin.
2. There are no trade restrictions possessed by the government of UK.
5. Negative Impact:
1. Uncertainty in whether to stay or not in the EU, or to leave (Brexit)
Economical Factors:
By analysing the economical factors, businesses determine the economy's performance in the
certain industry that result in computing the organisation's operational capabilities. Factors like
economy growth, interest rate, taxation, (Burduja, and Zaharia, 2019) rate of inflation,
exchange rate, Foreign Direct Investment, etc.
 Positive impact:
◦ UK is one of most popular destinations for Foreign Direct Investment.
◦ With effect from 1st April 2020, UK Government changed the tax rate from 20% to
18%.
 Negative Impact:
◦ Rate of tax is higher in UK when compared to some countries.
Sociological Factors:
Factors that are affected by trends, beliefs and attitude of the population are Social Factors.
Factors like population, education, income level, attitude of customers, etc.
 Positive Impact:
◦ According to estimation of the Office of National Statistics, Population of UK will
be increased to 74 Million approximately.
◦ UK citizens are considered as high income earners.
 Negative Impact:
◦ It's very hard to find the right target audience.
Technological Factors:
These factors affect the organisation's marketing strategies as technologies often becomes
outdated within a very short duration of time. Factors (Gaganis, Pasiouras, and Voulgari, 2019)
8

like production & Distribution of goods and services, communication with the target markets,
and many more.
 Positive Impacts:
◦ UK is one of the most advanced countries in terms of technology.
 Negative Impacts:
◦ Advancement comes with a price, as the country demands more and more
advancement on a regular basis. This means that the company needs to invest more in
Research and Development.
Legal Factors:
Factors like Safety standards for the Product, Product labels, consumer Rights. Standards of
Advertising, labour laws and many more.
 Positive Impacts:
◦ The employment Act 1996 was made to protect the rights of the employees of the
UK.
◦ The Equality Act 2010 make sure to protect people from ant Safety discrimination.
 Negative Impacts:
◦ Strict rules of employment are followed in the UK.
Environmental Factors:
Economic activities affects the Environment. These factors gained importance for analysis over
the last 15 years due to change in supply of raw materials and pollution control.
 Positive Impacts:
◦ Supply of raw material won't be a problem in the UK.
◦ Climate of UK attracts millions of tourists especially during the time of Summer.
 Negative Impacts:
◦ UK faces challenging weather conditions sometimes.
M3 Apply appropriately the PESTLE model to support a detailed analysis of the macro
environment within an organisation.
PESTLE analysis of the company help Aston Martin in better analysis of positive and negative
impact of the external factors on the business. It helps the company to improve its market
position and the profitability by making effective marketing strategies. There are various external
9

factors that have an impact on the decision (Gonçalves, da Silva,. and Teixeira, 2019) making
of the company and improvement of its marketing strategies. It helps in the analysing all the
negative factors of the external environment that have an impact on the performance of the
company so that company can reduce their effectiveness and improve its profitability in the
market.
D2 Critically evaluate the impacts that both macro and micro factors have upon business
objectives and decision-making.
The macro and micro environmental factors of the company have huge impact on its decision
making process. The macro factors of Aston Martin have both positive and negative impact on
the function of the company. There are also various factors in the micro environment of the
business that include both strength of the company and weaknesses as well. The positive impact
of the factors helps in better growth of the company such as SWOT analysis of Aston Martin
helps in analysing various opportunities (Gregory, Ngo, and Karavdic, 2019) in the market and
also identify the threats that can impact its business. The use of PESTLE analysis can help the
company in better growth and analysing the various impact of the external environment.
TASK 4
P5 Explain internal and external analysis of specific organisations in order to identify strengths
and weaknesses.
The internal and external factors of the organisation have an huge impact on its growth
and profitability. To understand the various internal and external factors of Aston Martin below
is SWOT analysis of the company explained.
SOWT analysis of Aston Martin:
This analysis helps the company to understand both internal and external factors of the
company that have an impact on its growth and profitability. SWOT analysis also provide
information about the factors that affect the decision making process of the Aston Martin.
Opportunities and threats are external factors of Aston Martin that good is reflect in the strengths
and weaknesses reflect the brand improvement. Whereas strength and weaknesses are the
internal factors of the company that helps in analysing the competitive environment of the
market and various opportunities
STRENGTH WEAKNESSES
10

 The company is well known and
established its brand recognition also
have an impact on its market in across
the world. Aston Martin have huge
customers base in the world that is the
biggest strength of the (Humă, . and
Stokoe, 2020) company. Brand also
manufacture high quality sport and
luxury cars that make its business more
profitable. Aston Martin has make
everything about its cars in most
perfect way that make its brand image
more higher in the market. This is
major strength of the company that help
the organisation to gain success in the
industry. Furthermore, company also
target high class and professional
customers and have strong fan
following in the market.
 Company is well established and have
global reach but there are some
weaknesses of the company that could
affect its current and future business.
Aston Martin has fewer market than
other competitors because of company
focus on the manufacturing of luxury
cars and have high class target market
that could impact its business and
decrease profit shares. Company has
very few models of the cars that make it
beneficial for the other competitors.
Customers of the company also face
difficulties in selecting low rang and
limited offering of the cars. But the best
quality of product and services make it
understandable, and it does not affect
the loyal customer base of the
company.
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 The company has many opportunities
to expand its market in the new mass
market where company do not has
business venture and also provide some
general products for the local public. It
can help the Aston Martin to expand its
business and increase sale and revenue
of the company. Penetration strategy
increase the market stares of the
company and also increase customers
 There are many external threats for the
company because of high level of
investment in the business and also
business has largest revenues. Aston
Martin is main competition target for
the other competitors and high growth
of the company. Increasing level of fuel
cost can also impact the business of
Aston Martin, company can now focus
on the cars that (Khalatur, 2019) will
11

base. Company can make strategic
alliance with the big and well know
firm that help it business gain more
market identity. Aston Martin can
collaborate its business in multinational
sports cars business that helps in
improvement of profit and wealth of
the company. Organisation can increase
its human resource practices and make
its business more innovative by
reducing the dependence of business on
employees and can make innovative
human resource standers.
be electronically powered. It could help
the company in better growth and
success.
SWOT ANALYSIS OF BBC
STRENGTH WEAKNESSES
 The company has high level of
customer trust because its an oldest
broadcasting organisation. Company
also has highest employees in
broadcasting in the world and its an
major strength of the company.
 The operating cost of the company is
very high. The journalist and
employees in the war zone have life
threats, BBC also face criticism on
different matters. That make the
business of the company more difficult.
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
12

 Company can focus now on the
publishing non biased and new stories.
They can also publish their stories in
worldwide on the international events
and it can strengthen the business of
BBC.
BBC is facing huge competition from the other
news channels and it could affect the
viewership of the company. Launching of new
domestic channels may reduce the viewership
of the company and affect its profitability.
P6 Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors.
The international between the strength and weaknesses with the macro factors of the Aston
Martin is explained below:
PESTLE STRENGTH WEAKNESSES
Political factors The political factor have positive
impact on the business of Aston
Martin because company have loyal
customers base also it operates in
high level quality cars that help in
improving the (Kingshott, Sharma,
and Nair, 2020) loyalty of customers
and increase its trends. In UK there is
low corruption rate that help the
company to expand its business and
have huge customer base.
Because of the Brexit situation
company is facing uncertainty in their
business and its also affecting the
decision making of the company.
There is also high level of tax on the
luxury products that can have impact
on the business of Aston Martin. Thus
to deal with this weaknesses company
can make an proper marketing strategy
that help them in proper arrangement
of the resources in the uncertainty.
Economical
factors
UK is one of the popular destination
for the foreign direct investment that
help the company to expand its
market and increase customers base.
In UK the tax rate(Wierzbicki, and
Nowodziński, 2019) is also deducted
from 20 percent to 18 percent it can
But the tax rate on the luxury cars is
high as compare to the other countries.
That can affect its rate of profitability
and margins. There are also inflation in
the various market trends and
economical trends that can impact the
business of (Meyer, 2019) Aston
13

help the company to increase its
margins.
Martin.
Social factors The population of the UK is
increasing and the wealth of the
population is also approximately
higher then other counties and it help
the company to grow and attract more
customers. Company can easily target
high level of income groups, because
in UK the (Wierzbicki, and
Nowodziński, 2019) population have
high income willing to invest in
luxury products and services.
The citizens of UK have different
choice and preferences and company
has limited products and services that
could impact it business and decrease
profitability. The various choices of
the customers and company is
providing limited addition of the cars
and there are many competitor in the
market that can make more customers
by providing them unique cars.
Technological
factors
UK is one of the most technology
advance country and it is beneficial
for the company to expand its
business in more technology advance
cars.
There is huge investment in research
and development that could impact the
profitability of the company,
customers are also increasing their
interest in more advance technology.
Legal factors There are various employment law
that company is following and that is
an advantage for the company.
There are various rules and regulation
for the advancement (Roetzel, 2019)
of employment and other factors that
could be an weakness for the company.
Environmental
factors
There are various rules and regulation
related to the environment and the
company is following those rule in
order to protect the environment.
There are different weather conditions
company face and it affect the
manufacturing of cars.
M4 Apply appropriately SWOT analysis and justify how they influence decision making.
SWOT analysis of the company have huge impact on its decision making process because the
company analyse it external and internal factors and analyse its various strength and weaknesses
14

that have impact on the business. Also it influence the decision making process of the company
because the various opportunities and threats of the company has huge impact on the decision-
making making and marketing (Sinha, 2020) strategies, company can analyse various
opportunities and make decision accordingly. Also all the threats for the current and future
market of the company can be evaluate and improved.
CONCLUSION
From the above information it can be conclude that business and business environment of the
company can help in analysing all the internal and external factors of the company that can
impact its decision-making process. There are different types of organisation that have different
functioning and different purpose. PESTLE analysis of the company analyse all the positive and
negative impact of macro environment on the performance of the company. SWOT analysis of
the company helps in better understanding of the internal and external factors of the firm and
how it affect the performance and profitability of the organisation.
15

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