Tourism Impact on UK Destinations

This assignment analyzes the characteristics of tourist destinations in the UK and globally, exploring how social, cultural, and physical attributes affect their appeal to tourists. It discusses external factors like climate, political conditions, and media influence that impact destination popularity. The focus is on understanding tourism's multifaceted nature and how organizations like TUI Group can effectively manage it for sustainable growth and competitiveness.

Tourist Destinations
(Modifications)

Table of Contents
TASK 1....................................................................................................................................................1
1. The key UK and worldwide tourist destinations................................................................................1
1.1 Analysing the main tourist spots:................................................................................................1
1.2 Analysing the statistics and tourism destination trend and future trend: .................................3
TASK 2 ...................................................................................................................................................4
TASK 3..................................................................................................................................................18
3. How the characteristics of destinations affect their appeal to tourists......................................18
3.1 Comparison between the appeal of current leading tourist destinations and that of currently
developing tourist destinations: ....................................................................................................18
3.2 How the characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal: ...........................................19
TASK 4..................................................................................................................................................20
4. Issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations.......................................................20
4.1 Analysing the issues which affect the popularity of a tourist destination: ...............................20
4.2 The potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourist
spots...............................................................................................................................................21
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................22
REFERENCES: .......................................................................................................................................24

TASK 1
1. The key UK and worldwide tourist destinations
1.1 Analysing the main tourist spots:
Some of the top tourist destinations in the world are as follow: 1. The Tower of
London, England, 2. Times Square, New York, The United States of America, 3.
Grand Bazaar, Istanbul, Turkey, 4. The Eiffel Tower, Paris, France, 5. Pyramids,
Egypt, 6. The Taj Mahal, Agra, India.
Times Square in Manhattan of the New York City is one of the busiest and the most
visited tourist destinations in the world(encyclopedia, n.d). Every year more than
sixty million visitors come to this world famous tourist place. The visitors of Times
Square spend about $45 billion every year while visiting and enjoying their time
there. The destination has one of the highest hotel-occupancy rates in the world. The
visitors here usually come across the year but during the celebrations of
Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year, the arrival rates are at the peaks. Generally
visitors from all over the world arrive in Times Square of New York. The countries
which provide the New York destination with most of the tourist are the United
Kingdom about 1,200,000, Canada about 1,100000, Brazil about 800,000, France
about 750,000, Germany about 650,000, Australia about 600,000, Italy about
550,000, China about 500,000, Spain about 450,000, Mexico about 400,000 and
Japan about 350,000. However, the domestic visitors are a considerable number to
this tourist place. The place sees increasing number of visitors every year.
The Tower of London which is a historical building is situated in the City of London
on the River Thames(encyclopedia, n.d). There is so much to see at the Tower
including the Yeoman of the Guard, the Ravens, Henry VIII and many more. Every
year almost Forty million people visit the Tower. It is one of the most visited
destinations in the United Kingdom.(ALVA) The generated income from this tourist
spot is very high as it adds about £8 billion to the UK economy every year. Every
year from April to October is the busy time for this destination as in this time most of
the visitors visit the spot. Most of the visitors here come from France, The United
States of America, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Australia and India. The
hotel booking rate and the rate of staying at nights are very high as most of the
visitors stay around the tourist spot. It is very important to remember that domestic
visitors are the important part of the host community. There is always rise in the
number of tourists visiting the Tower of London.
Grand Bazaar of Istanbul in Turkey is a very popular tourist destination for the
international tourists. It is a 15th century market which is mostly famous for hand-
painted ceramics and Byzantine-style jewelry(encyclopedia, n.d). Annually almost
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ninety million people visit this historical market place. The generated income from
this tourist place is about £25 billion yearly. Most of the visitors in this great tourist
market are from Germany, Russia, The United Kingdom, France, Italy, and The
United States of America. There is terrorism and political problem in the country so
there is now crisis in this tourist destination.
The Eiffel Tower in Paris of France is one of the most visited tourist destinations in
the world. It is a cultural iconic symbol of France and a famous and recognisable
engineering structure of the world. Every year more than eighty million visitors travel
to Paris to see this amazing iron tower. The generated income from this tourist
attraction is about £50 billion per annum. Usually tourists from all over the world
come to witness the beauty and grandeur of this great tower but most visitors appear
from the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia and other
European countries. The number of the visiting people here is increasing day by
day(travelandleisure.com,n.d).
Picture: Pyramid, Egypt(encyclopedia,n.d)
Pyramid of Giza in Egypt is a very attractive ancient architectural structure which is
visited by millions of tourists every year(encyclopedia, n.d). It is one of the seven
wonders of the world. In Egypt it is a great source of employment and solid income
as the country generates an income of about £15 billion every year from this ancient
tourist spot. The sight of Pyramid gives the viewers an amazing opportunity of
getting a view of how the ancient Egyptian civilisation was. People from every part of
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the world travel to this attractive creation of the ancient Egyptians but most of the
visitors are from The United Kingdom, Russia, The United States of America, The
United Arab Emirates and Western European countries. There has been some affect
in its tourism because there is political and terrorism problems in the region.
The Taj Mahal of Agra in India is a Mughul architectural structure which is a very
popular tourist destination. It is one of the wonders of the world(encyclopedia, n.d). It
was built by the Mughul emperor Shahajahan. It stands out as a very beautiful
structure. Tourists from all over the world desire and love to visit and see this
outstanding building as it appears in different colours in moonlit nights. Most of the
viewers here come from the United Kingdom, the United States of America,
Australia, Russia, China, Bangladesh and European countries. The revenue earned
from the tourism centring the Taj Mahal is worth of £20 billion each year. The
number of the tourists is in the rise every year.
Picture: Tajmahal, India(encyclopedia,n.d)
1.2 Analysing the statistics and tourism destination trend and future trend:
In the table, some information on top tourist destinations countries is shown.
Country Number of tourists
China 57,600,000 rising
Spain 56,700,000 rising
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Italy 46,100,000 rising
Turkey 29,300,000 rising
United Kingdom 29,200,000 rising
Germany 28,400,000 rising
Russia 22,700,000 rising
(encyclopedia, n.d)
From the information and discussion above, it can be said that overall number of
tourists is in the rise across the world and tourist destinations are attracting more
people with their appeals. It is also noticeable that characteristics of the destinations
are very important in determining the trends and the future trends of the tourist
destinations as visitors consider these aspects very minutely before visiting the
places(Gimblett,1998). As discussed above, there are some issues which harm the
possibilities of the destinations such as terrorism, militancy and poor facilities etc. In
the recent times, there have been some declines in the tourism industries of Turkey,
Egypt and many other countries as these countries have problems regarding political
unrests, terrorism, lack of peaceful environment and lack of proper democracy. For
these crises, the social and political characteristics of the destinations in these
countries are damaged and ultimately their tourism industries are affected and they
see less tourists in the destinations. On the opposite, the countries which have
peaceful political and social environment and no militancy and terrorism are
attracting more tourists. Regarding the numbers of tourists, it can be said that the
people of the developed countries visit the tourist destinations all over the world
mostly. So the prediction is that tourist destinations will attract tourist if they maintain
proper and positive environment and characteristics.
Destination Country Number of tourists Origin country
Turkey 5 million Russia
Turkey 3 Million UK
Egypt 2 Million UK
France 2 Million UK
India 2 Million US
Thailand 1 Million UK
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Statistics(encyclopedia, n.d)
TASK 2
2. The cultural, social and physical features of tourist
destinations
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Tourism destination UK :- There are many attractive tourism sites in UK which
attracts attention of millions of travellers from worldwide basis. Top tourist
destinations sites includes Stonehenge, Tower of London, The city of bath, Windsor
Castle, Historic Yorkshire, Lake destination National part and Canterbury Cathedral.
Travellers who comes for visiting the place gets opportunities for understanding
culture of a place. In addition to that physical characteristic of the place also attracts
attention of millions of people and it helps for enhancing tourist activities in the
nation.
London Eye: A leading tourist destination is situated in the extremely developed
United Kingdom for international visitors. London eye is known for its Giant Ferris
wheel which attracts large number of tourists from across the globe and it is most
significant physical feature of this tourism destination. It is situated at South bank of
river Thames and also known as London Eye. The Wheel was built for Empire of
Indian exhibition and was opened for Public in year 1895. it attracts large number of
tourists for visiting the place and due to the tourism activities local community people
also gets benefited. Taxes earned by government supports in enhancing growth and
development of nation. These are significant cultural and social feature of the place.
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Tourism destination UK :- There are many attractive tourism sites in UK which
attracts attention of millions of travellers from worldwide basis. Top tourist destinations sites
includes Stonehenge, Tower of London, The city of bath, Windsor Castle, Historic Yorkshire,
Lake destination National part and Canterbury Cathedral. Travellers who comes for visiting
the place gets opportunities for understanding culture of a place. In addition to that physical
characteristic of the place also attracts attention of millions of people and it helps for
enhancing tourist activities in the nation.
 London Eye: A leading tourist destination is situated in the extremely developed
United Kingdom for international visitors. London eye is known for its Giant Ferris
wheel which attracts large number of tourists from across the globe and it is most
significant physical feature of this tourism destination. It is situated at South bank of
river Thames and also known as London Eye. The Wheel was built for Empire of
Indian exhibition and was opened for Public in year 1895. it attracts large number of
tourists for visiting the place and due to the tourism activities local community people
also gets benefited. Taxes earned by government supports in enhancing growth and
development of nation. These are significant cultural and social feature of the place.
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Tourism destination India :- India is a developing country and there are a good deals of
attractive tourism destination sites which attracts attention of millions of people across globe.
Travellers comes for visiting historical buildings and monuments of country. Various tourism
destinations sites includes Dalhosie, Taj Mahal, Kutub minar, Dilli darwaja, Char minar, Lal
Kila. Historical perspectives of these tourism sites attracts millions of people for visiting the
nation. Taj mahal is one most visited site and its attractive features are as described :-
 Taj Mahal: A historical tourist spot is located in a developing country India. King
shahajahan built the monuments in memories of his beloved wife Mumtaz. It is a
historical site which is visited by millions of people and it also aids the local
government to gain some financial revenues through tourism, activities running in the
state. The monument is built with white Sangamarmar stone and beautiful designs
have been carved on marbles which enhances beauty of this historical site.
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Cultural characteristics are the core elements of a tourist destination and they attract
the people mostly who want to visit them. Cultural features include museums, monuments,
churches, temples, festivals, different types of food, drinks and music. The culture of a region
or country is exposed and expressed through these aspects as the culture of a nation consists
of all these components(Evans et al, 2003). When visitors come to visit a place, they are
mostly touched and affected by these cultural elements of life. Museums are places where
past valuables are preserved and monuments are buildings that stand for the past incidents
and happenings and both of them tell about the past culture of a nation.
Churches and temples are the places where people of different faiths pray and this act
of praying a very conspicuous aspect of the culture of a group of people. There are also
festivals, food, drink and music which speak clearly of a nation's culture. A nation's culture is
mostly expressed through its ways of celebrating its festivals, habits of eating food different
types of food, drinking styles and varieties of music. Music tells the story of a nation's
culture. So all these features are taken into account when a place is considered a tourist
destination while it is to remember that these features not only vary but also their qualities
fluctuate depending on the facts how developed the country is where the spot is.
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B. Social features of the tourist destination:
The social characteristics of a visiting spot are very important as they influence the
place tremendously. The social features consist of the different national, regional and
religious groups of people and their attitudes to life. The social features of a spot are also
dependent on the needs of different customer groups as the arrangers of the places seek to
please the visitors by creating the necessary social setting. The social elements of a tourist
place can be changed or built by the impact of tourism as there is huge impact of tourism on
resources and the local community. The social capacity and sustainability of a visiting place
is also important in relation to its demand to the tourists. It is understood that a place gets
capable and sustainability if it gets a tourist status but it varies in different ways. As a result
of tourism, the local and national government policies regarding a place are influenced and
made and the tourism industry of that region becomes an alternative to mass market as people
can earn their livelihood by adopting tourism of that area.
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C. Physical features of the tourist destination:
The physical features of a tourist place consist of its physical resources and properties
for example lakes, coastlines, mountains, beaches, flora and fauna and infrastructure such as
water supply, sanitation, and transport system etc. The beauty and appeal of a tourist place
greatly depends on its physical features. Factually, tourists come to visit a place in the first
place for its physical features and before visiting a destination, they assess its physical
characteristics mostly. If the features such as sanitation, water supply and transport are
facilitated, then visitors are tempted to visit the place. But the qualities and standards of these
features are different in different tourist spots. In some places, tourist destinations become
very popular and both visitors and local people keep gathering there and the places become
very populous. As a result, the places start losing their attraction. Often it becomes so that a
tourist spot is over burdened by the pressure of people and then it needs special conservation.
Then the concerned authority or government has to make plans and schemes for the
conservation of the places.
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Appeal of the characteristics to tourists: The above mentioned cultural, social and
physical features create appeals to tourists but the appeals can be positive and negative
depending on the natures of the characteristics. Appeal is the most essential element of a
tourist destination(Cooper,2012). Positive: The cultural, social and physical features create greatly positive impressions
and attractions to the potential tourists when they are standard, quality and secure,
safe and assuring. The tourists think that the cultural aspects have diversity and are
interesting and worth of enjoying. The social features are secure, original and stable.
And the physical aspects are attractive, eye-catching and smooth enough to offer relax
and comfort.
 Negative: The mentioned three types of features of the tourist destinations may have
negative impact on the tourists if they fail to have the expected features and qualities
what the probable visitors seek to see and enjoy.
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London Eye is a leading tourism site of UK whereas Taj mahal is tourism destination
sites of India which is a developing country. Comparison of features of these tourism
sites is as described :-
Features Developing Tourism
destination India
Leading Tourism destination
UK
Water Supply Unsafe and scarce Safe and abundant
Transport Network Inconvenient Convenient
Sanitation Weak Strong
Food Limited variety Wide variety
Hospitality services Less effective More effective
Government support for
development of tourism sites
Less attention is paid by
state for making
development of tourism
destination sites
Government makes effective
and better initiatives for
developing the tourism
destinations.
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Number of tourist Less than compared to
leading tourism sites
Number of tourist is high
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TASK 3
3. How the characteristics of destinations affect their appeal to
tourists
The features of a tourist destination play significant role in how much the tourist spot
is appealing to people. These characteristics are economic, physical, social, and
political and they are distinctive and different in a developed destination and
developing destination. They also greatly affect how appealing a tourist destination is
to the tourist.
3.1 Comparison between the appeal of current leading tourist destinations
and that of currently developing tourist destinations:
There are differences and similarities between the appeal of the currently leading
destinations and that of the present developing destinations. Where the leading
destinations have good social, cultural and physical features and hence their appeal
to the tourists is very high, the developing ones lack proper social and physical
characteristics to have appeal to the tourists(Weaver,2014). Though the cultural
traits of a developing destination are rich and attractive, these cannot be presented
to the tourists because the developing destinations do not have the necessary
resources to do this. The developed and necessary infrastructure for example
transport system, water supply, available hotels and motels and clean environment
in the leading destinations increase their appeals to the people who wish to visit
places. On the other hand, the developing tourist places do not have these facilities
to that level. So their attractions are not as high as of the leading ones.
Appeals Current Leading Current Developing
Security
environment
Very assuring and certain Uncertain and fearful
Food safety Safe and healthy Doubt about safety and health
Resorts Luxurious and highly facilitated Poorly facilitated
Social condition Stable and improved Unstable and back warded
Political issues Peaceful and certain Chaotic and uncertain
Physical
characteristics
Developed and comfortable Unimproved and faulty
(encyclopedia. n.d)
The appeal of the leading tourist destination is similar to the appeal of the developing
tourist destination in the way as both the appeals are to attract tourists to the places
though it is up to the people to decide which place to visit after assessing the facts in
relation to the matters which determine the status of the tourist destinations. The
reality about the appeals of the two types of the leading and the developing
destinations is that mature and real visitors can find the right destination to visit in
terms of the facts which can give them true satisfaction of visiting a place.
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3.2 How the characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal:
The Management Report to be considered for marketing activity
Business Development Analyst
18 May, 2016
There is no denial in the fact that the appeals of a tourist spot are affected by how its
facilities and surroundings are. If the characteristics are facilitated and attractive,
then the spot becomes very appealing and tentative to the tourist, but if they are not,
then the appeal may be negatively affected. For example, location is a characteristic
of a destination and if the location is not good, then the destination may fail to attract
tourists. A very good example is Shwedagon Pagoda in Burma. This is a very
beautiful tourist place but few people go there to visit it as the country lacks political,
social and cultural harmony and peace. There is terrorism, militancy and political
unrest in the country and they damage its appeal. The country is also a developing
country and its transport system, water supply, sanitation and urban infrastructure is
not good enough to attract international tourists. So is the case with the mentioned
tourist destination. So it fails to attract tourist despite of being a nice building. The
characteristics of a destination are determined on the basis of its situations. The
social, cultural, political, economical, and infrastructural situations in which the
destination is determine its characteristics which also fix its appeal to the tourists.
The social characteristics include religion and this issue of religion is a big issue in
Myanmar or Burma as there is big conflict between the Buddhists and Muslim
Rohingyas.
How the characteristics appeal the popularity:
This religious conflict affect the social characteristic of the destination and that very
characteristic affect its appeal as a tourist attraction. In Burma, the political condition
which helps form the social characteristics is not stable and healthy. And this issue
contributes to the fact that the mentioned tourist destination is not appealing to
tourists though this is a very attractive place of beauty. Economic condition is also
responsible for why the destination cannot be appealing to international
tourists(sustainabletourism.com,n.d). As it is a poor region, the transport system,
sanitation, water, electricity and other components of everyday life are not in
satisfactory conditions which are the parts of the social characteristics of a place and
therefore the place does not have good social characteristics to be appealing to
tourists. Therefore the overall evaluation is that the capability of a tourist destination
depends on its social, cultural and physical characteristics which determine its
capacity as a tourist place to be appealing to tourists. When these characteristics are
not in the positions they should be, the place loses its appeal. Wherever, the
political, religious, economic and social conditions are unstable, the place loses its
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appeal. Economic condition determines the physical characteristics of a place
greatly. As Burma is developing country, the destination's physical characteristics
are not satisfactory. This is also another reason as to the place's low appealing
capability. So, it all these issues are crucial as to how much as tourist destination is
appealing to tourist. It is to be concluded that these aspects are to be improved to
make a destination capable of attracting tourists.
TASK 4
4. Issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations
4.1 Analysing the issues which affect the popularity of a tourist destination:
There are some issues which affect the popularity of a tourist destination in any
region and these factors are such as climate, natural disasters, natural phenomena,
sustainability, political condition, human rights, nationalism, religious
fundamentalism, terrorism, trade links, sports links, linguistic links and role of media.
All these factors can play either positive or negative role in affecting a place's
popularity as a tourist destination. If the issues are found acceptable and good, then
the place gets popularity but if the factors are negative, then the place loses its
popularity. The issues are analysed below in details.
If due to the climate, a tourist place is extremely cold or hot then it loses its popularity
to certain types of people. On the other hand, if the place has got a well balanced
weather, then it attracts wide ranges of people. Then comes the issue of natural
disaster which affects a place's popularity tremendously.
Natural forces affecting the popularity of the destination:
The places where different types of natural disasters like floods, storms, cyclones,
earthquake and acute drought are less likely to have popularity among the tourists.
On the contrary, the destination which are free from these natural calamities get
popularity among the tourists. Also the places which have lack of sustainability
regarding to social development and political environment fail to be popular among
the probable tourists. In a country where human rights condition is not good, the
tourist attractions cannot get popularity as tourists are today very aware of this kind
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of factor. Nobody wants to be in a region where human beings are not respected.
The issues of religious fundamentalism, terrorism and nationalism are also behind
the reasons why a place cannot be desired by the people who visit places as these
aspects not only spread insecurity and fear but also send messages of
backwardness and ignorance of the people of the region. So, tourists normally avoid
going to such places. There are also factors such as sports links, business links,
linguistic relations and media roles which determine the capability of a place to be
popular among the tourists. If a place specially a tourist destination has got these,
then it can easily get popularity among different groups of people as people are
usually attached to these aspects as their business affairs. So they feel the urgency
and necessity to visit those places. For example, cities like London, New York, Paris
and Mumbai attract large number of tourists as they have these aspects. On the
contrary, cities or places lacking these opportunities can hardly attract foreign
tourists easily as people do not have the feeling of urgency or necessity to go there.
So it is logical to opine that these above mentioned aspects affect the popularity of
the tourist destinations.
4.2 The potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at
worldwide tourist spots
The Responsible Tourism to Enhance the Host Community at Global Tourist Spots
of TUI Group
Responsible tourism is a phrase which is gaining significant importance nowadays in
tourism sector. Diverse geographical locations of world are offering travel and
tourism services for visitors and it is supporting in growth of this sector in positive
manner. Responsible tourism is a concept which deals with diverse accountability
associated with tourism and it is economic, social and environmental responsibility.
The major objective behind responsible tourism is to reduce the negative impacts of
tourism so that effective services can be provided to travellers (Nigel, David and
George,2003)). It also supports in protecting and conserving various tourism
locations of the world and creating awareness among people for protecting the
tourism destination sites. Here the potentialities will be discussed in connection to
the destinations operated by the TUI Tourism Group which run its business in
European countries, Turkey, Cuba, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Costa
Rica, Egypt and Thailand. The company can improve its strategies in operating
tourism business and the strategies can be the efforts of improving the social,
cultural and physical characteristics in the places the company now runs business in
the mentioned countries. It is vital that significant steps should be taken for
developing responsible tourism in the nation (Stephen and Chris, 2007). TUI group
offers its services in various locations of the world and company can take positive
initiatives for creating awarenesses among people for fulfilling their responsibility
towards tourism industry. Two travel destinations where TUI group offers its services
are as described-
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Turkey :- The country is famous for its attractive tourism destinations sites such as
Istanbul, Antalya and Ephesus. Large number of travellers visit the nation for
enjoying the historical sites and seaside resorts. The country has developed
significant business area in travel and tourism sector and huge revenues are gained
by government by imposing taxes on travel industry (Crouch, 2012). Awareness can
be created among local community people and travellers for protecting the historical
and heritage sites of the country. Use of internet and social networking sites can be
taken for creating awareness among people to take positive initiatives for conserving
the environment. In addition to this banners and posters can be placed at tourism
sites requesting people to not cause harm to cultural sites.
Thailand :- The country is famous for its beautiful and attractive Beaches, Buddha
temples and night life. Travellers who are visiting the tourism sites should
understand cultural and social trade-offs and pay respect for local culture. They
should give there support for conserving the heritage sites such as Buddha temple
and other places. Waste disposal should be done at appropriate places by travellers
and tourists so that environment not get polluted (Dupeyras and MacCallum, 2013).
TUI group can take initiatives for placing dustbins at travel sites so that waste should
be disposed at appropriate places. Awareness can be created among local
community people by organizing street meetings and in that people can be described
about the importance of responsibility towards tourism (Evans and et.al., 2012).
Government can also play a significant role by formulating effective policies for
managing the activities of tourist sector. It is also vital that people should follow all
the legal framework formulated by government and comply with guidelines given by
state. All this activities will support in fulfilling the social, economical and
environmental responsibility towards tourism.
CONCLUSION
So to conclude it can be said that the tourist destinations in the UK and worldwide
are many in numbers and they have different characteristics which are social,
cultural and physical. These characteristics affect the ways by which the destinations
have appeals to the tourists. There are also other aspects like climate, natural
disasters, political conditions, fundamentalism, terrorism and sports and business
links and media roles which affect the popularity of the tourist destination. All these
factors must be seen together to improve the tourism industry in a very effective way
to give people the true pleasure of visiting tourist destinations.
Therefore, in the concluding part, it can be said that to run the tourism business well,
TUI group is to understand the scopes of tourism in the United Kingdom and
worldwide and the organisation has to have adequate knowledge and information not
only about the tourist destinations but also about the tourism trends in the present
world. The organisation should have the knowledge about the social, cultural and
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physical characteristics of the tourist destinations and how they affect the appeals of
the destinations. The company also should have deep knowledge and understanding
of the characteristics affect the popularity of the tourist destinations. When the
company is aware of every side of the tourism, then it can operate its tourism
business in a very sustainable and competitive way.
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Tourism, New York: Smith and Books.
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Knowledge Kingdom.
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