Project Management: Concepts and Challenges

This assignment delves into fundamental concepts within project management, drawing upon a diverse set of scholarly articles. The review examines critical themes such as project life cycles, task allocation, complexity management, risk mitigation, and the role of knowledge sharing. Specific challenges faced in contemporary project environments are explored through the lens of these academic sources.

BUSINESS PROJECT
MANAGMENT

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................4
Evaluation of application of project management.......................................................................4
Discussion of Planning documents for the case study.................................................................5
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................15
References......................................................................................................................................16
2

INTRODUCTION
Project management is the tool or an application of methods and procedures that helps in
accomplishing the goal of the project. It is the tool that is used in planning, controlling and
execution of the project. Project management is the detailed outline of the entire proposal that
needs to be effective and efficient from start to end. Project life cycle is one of the essential part
of project management (Tsaturyan and Müller, 2015). 4D's model of project management defines
the stages which can help in making the proposal successful. The first stage is “define” in which
project manager has to set the aim, individual has to develop the objectives in order to achieve
the aim. “Design” is the next phase in which manager of the company has to make planning in
order to achieve the goal. Estimation of time, prepare intervention of the time scale and identify
the constrains are necessary activities of the phase. Next stage is “do it”, in which all activities
are carrying out in accurate manner and review is being done against the plan. Last stage of
“deliver it”, in which services or products are being tested and aim and objective are refined
(Calvo-Mora, Navarro-García and Periañez-Cristobal, 2015).
Illustration 1: Project life cycle
Source: (Holzmann, 2013)
3

Present report is based on the case study of Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool , it was
closed in 2006. Calderdale council has decided to build new facilities but Turner & Townsend
and following public consultants have identified that main issue here is lack of funds. .
Calderdale council set the aim to develop two new swimming pools with modern designing and
make it in such manner so that it can meet with the requirement of the consumers (Hu and et.al,
2016). Earlier the budget was 6.5 m but after the appointment of Town & Townsend it was
revised and now new budget is 11m. There were many people involved such as council,
designing team, contractor, project management team, architects etc. These are need to have
good coordination in order to achieve the goal of the proposal.
Current assignment will discuss the application of project management in respect of case
study. Risk management plan, communication plan, work breakdown structure, pay back period
terms will be explained in his study (Budayan, Dikmen and Birgonul, 2015).
MAIN BODY
Evaluation of application of project management
Project management is the essential tool that can help in making the project successful,
thee are three main elements that is used in the project management by the project managers such
as time, cost and quality. These three components are very difficult to control. Project manager
has to ensure that project gets completed on time and it needs to be finished within the set budget
and with estimated quality (Padalkar. and Gopinath, 2016). Evaluation of application of all three
concepts in context to Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool, it is found that the entire plan would
be completed within 3 yeas and budget of the project would be 11. This is revised budget and in
this amount the entite plan would be executed in ac curate manner. In this time length and budget
cited firm will be able to meet the needs of the audience and it will be able to meet with the
quality standards. After the completion of the project it is found that these three elements were
the main constrain in the project and due to mistake in the earlier plan Brighouse and Swoerny
Bridge Pool had to close the business (Lin and et.al, 2014).
Principals of project management are closely related with the aim and objective of the
plan. Three main objectives which were set by the calderdable council for Brighouse and
Swoerny Bridge Pool:
4

 Development of two new modern swimming pools at Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge
Pool. It needs to be developed as per the needs of today's public leisure users.
 To enhance satisfaction level of the users so that they visit the place frequently.
 To provide advanced and modern swimming pool, learner pool, fitness suite and multi-
purpose studio to the consumers.
Discussion of Planning documents for the case study
A)
a. Time management concept
Time management is the essential plan that helps the project manager in completing the
project on timed without any failure. With the help of time management activities Project
manager of Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool will be able to set time frame work for
improving the condition of the business (Tenera. and Pinto, 2014). Time management plan for
the present case study is as following:
Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Brighouse and Swoerny
Bridge Pool 824 days Mon 12/3/07 Thu 1/27/11
Initiation stage 55 days Mon 12/3/07 Fri 2/15/08
Project document 10 days Mon 12/3/07 Fri 12/14/07
Feasible study 20 days Mon 12/17/07 Fri 1/11/08 3
Set project scope and
objectives 3 days Mon 1/14/08 Wed 1/16/08 4
Planning Stage 50 days Thu 1/17/08 Wed 3/26/08
Project team appointment 20 days Thu 1/17/08 Wed 2/13/08 5
Set project organization chart 3 days Thu 1/17/08 Mon 1/21/08 5
Prepare work breakdown
structure 5 days Thu 2/14/08 Wed 2/20/08 7,8
Contract with suppliers 20 days Thu 2/21/08 Wed 3/19/08 9
Resources allocation 5 days Thu 3/20/08 Wed 3/26/08 10
Execution stage 590 days Thu 3/27/08 Wed 6/30/10
Deliverable building 500 days Thu 3/27/08 Wed 2/24/10 11
Report development 30 days Thu 2/25/10 Wed 4/7/10 13
Managing change request 30 days Thu 4/8/10 Wed 5/19/10 14
Assessment of Risk 30 days Thu 5/20/10 Wed 6/30/10 15
Monitoring and controlling 78 days Thu 7/1/10 Mon 10/18/10
5

stage
Measurement of objectives 20 days Thu 7/1/10 Wed 7/28/10 16
Check quality 30 days Thu 7/29/10 Wed 9/8/10 18
Evaluation of performance 28 days Thu 9/9/10 Mon 10/18/10 19
Project closer 73 days Tue 10/19/10 Thu 1/27/11
Release resources 30 days Tue 10/19/10 Mon 11/29/10 20
Documentation of Project 20 days Tue 11/30/10 Mon 12/27/10 22
Project punch list 20 days Tue 12/28/10 Mon 1/24/11 23
Sign off project 3 days Tue 1/25/11 Thu 1/27/11 24
b. Matrix Chart
C. Gantt chart
6

B)
a. Work break down structure
Work break down structure (WBS) is the extremely valuable part of the project that helps
in organizing the team work in easy manageable section. With the help of this section manager
can mange the activities effectively and can complete the project within stipulated time duration
(Gladding, 2014).
b. WBS chart
7

c. Explanation of 3 level of WBS
WBS is the great tool there are three level in the first phase project manager has to make
planning for the entire project. In the next phase implementation of the activities are being done
and in the last level monitoring and reviewing done by the manager and necessary changes make
accordingly (Padalkar and Gopinath, 2016).
C.)
a. Cost management plan concept
Cost management is the detail ed outline of the process that includes planning and
controlling of the budget in the business project plan. By this way companies can manage its
funds well and can control over the cost so that it can complete the project within approved
budget. In includes resource planning, cost estimation, cost budgeting and cost control to manage
the cost significantly (Yung and Siew, 2016).
b. Payback period computation
8

The project manager has assumed the cash flow for 6 years in the Brighouse and
Swoerny Bridge Pool business. PBP for the project has been found 2.14 year that means business
is able to recover its initial investment within this time duration (Qazi and et.al, 2016).
Year Cash inflow ( £) Cumulative frequency ( £)
1 3,000,000 3,000,000
2 5,000,000 8,000,000
3 7,000,000 15,000,000
4 9,000,000 24,000,000
5 12,000,000 36,000,000
6 15,000,000 51,000,000
PBP 2.14 years
D).
a. Quality management concept
Project management is the essential tool that supports in measuring the quality of the
project. By this way project manager can compare the actual quality of the proposal with the set
standards. TQM, Quality control, six sigma etc are many tools that can be used by the manager
to improve the over all quality of the Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool business (Chang,
2013).
b. Quality management plan
Quality Management Plan
Project Title: Management Information
System
Date: 25 May 2017
Quality role
 Ensure the quality as per the needs of
users and set standards.
 Continue monitor the performance and
find innovative ways to improve the
quality of the products. Review the project and make necessary
Quality responsibilities
 Gather all relevant information in order
to improve the quality of the business
activities.
 Maker coordination between various
stakeholders.
 Conducting audit in order to run the
9

changes wherever it is required. business ethical and legally.
Approach of quality assurance: quality cost, Diagrams and Pareto Chart, Benchmarking,
Cause and Effect, Control charts, Flow charts.
Approach of quality control: Statistical Quality Control, Histogram and Scatter and
Diagram Acceptance Sampling.
Approach of quality improvement:, PDCA cycle, LEAN technique, ISO standards, Quality
Circles
c. Discussion about quality management plan
Quality management plan has four key components; quality planning, quality assurance,
quality control and continual improvement. TQM, six sigmas are the essential tools through
which project manager can identify the loop fall in the current project and can make necessary
strategy to improve it (Padalkar and Gopinath, 2016). Current Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge
Pool business got failed because of poor designing and low budget. By implementing the
approaches of PDCA cycle, ISO standards project manager can improve their designing and can
add new features such as advanced leisure facilities etc. that can help in making the project
successful.
E).
a. Communication management concept
Communication is the most important part of the business. Project manager has to make
effective coordination among all involved persons in order to reduce the mistakes. That helps in
utilizing the resources well and by his way project can be completed on time. It is the systematic
tool that helps in planning, implementing, monitoring and reviewing the performance of the
proposal in effective manner (Tsaturyan and Müller, 2015).
b. Communication plan
Stakeholders Communications Name Delivery Method/Format
Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool Monthly Report of status Hard copy, email and
personal meeting
10

Project Manager Daily report of status Face to face meeting
Team of cost management Daily report of status Personal meeting
Quality analyst daily report of status Email
Risk assessment analyst Weekly report of status Email and Meetings
Project board Monthly report Hard copy
Designing team Weekly status Personal meeting
Contractor Monthly report Hard copy and meeting
Calderdale council members Monthly Status report Email
Civil and structural company Monthly report status Meeting
c. Discussion of communication plan
Communication plan of the existing project will help in completing the project on time
with quality. In this stakeholder will be communicated through various communication channels.
Project manager review the plan daily bases and circulate the necessary information through
email, meeting or hard copy to various involved persons. By this way individual is being able to
complete the Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool business project on time (Budayan, Dikmen
and Birgonul, 2015).
F).
a. Risk management concept
It is one of the essential part of the project management, by preparing the risk
management plan project manager can determine the risk in the current plan and through this
way individual can identify the level of impact of this risk on the business activities. With the
help of this manager can identify the risk and can determine the hazard's activity and their impact
ion the business (Holzmann, 2013). That assists in making the good strategies that can help in
resolving this issues.
11

b. Risk management plan
By looking at the situation of Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool risk management plan is as
following:
Risk Pre
mitigation
probability
(a0 (1 to 5)
Pre
mitigation
impact (b)
( 1 to 5)
Pre
mitigation
rating (a*b)
Mitigation
strategy
Post
mitigation
probability
(c) (1 to 5)
Post
mitigation
impact (d)
(1 to 5)
Scope of
risk
4 2 8 Set clear
goal and
objective for
the project.
2 3
Scheduling
risk
3 4 12 By adopting
scheduling
methods or
by making
work break
down
structure
project will
be able to
reduce the
risk.
2 2
Risk of
human
resource
4 5 20 By
appointing
skilled
people in
the project
of
Brighouse
4 4
12

and
Swoerny
Bridge Pool
this risk can
be mitigate.
Skills,
knowledge
and
experience
of the
persons can
help in
minimizing
the risk of
the
company.
Risk of
design
5 4 20 Flexible and
feasible
design can
help in
reducing
this issue
because by
this way
project
manager
will be able
to make
necessary
2 3
13

changes in
the plan
whenever
required.
technical
risk
2 2 4 Security,
scalability
and
availability
of advanced
software can
help in
mitigating
this issue.
1 2
Risk of
communicat
ion
3 3 9 By using
formal and
informal
both
communicat
ion methods
better
coordination
among the
team
members
can be
developed
by this way
communicat
ion risk can
1 1
14

be
minimized.
c. Discussion of risk management plan
From the above risk management plan project manager of the Brighouse and Swoerny
Bridge Pool business will be able to identify the risk and individual will be able to develop good
strategies that can help in resolving the issues in the existing performance. By this way technical,
communication, designing, human resources etc. all hazards will be minimized and overall
performance of the business will get improved (Budayan, Dikmen and Birgonul, 2015).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be articulated that Brighouse and Swoerny Bridge Pool
wanted to make changes in its designing and facilities. The main aim of the business was t o
create new image of the company in the mind of users. Study has covered the documentation and
other areas in the Gantt chart and work break down structure. Through risk management plan
individual will be able to identify the risk and it will help in making accurate strategy to reduce
the risk of the business.
15

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Tsaturyan, T. and Müller, R., 2015. Integration and governance of multiple project management
offices (PMOs) at large organizations. International Journal of Project Management.
33(5). pp.1098-1110.
Budayan, C., Dikmen, I. and Birgonul, M. T., 2015. Alignment of project management with
business strategy in construction: evidence from the Turkish contractors. Journal of Civil
Engineering and Management. 21(1). pp.94-106.
Calvo-Mora, A., Navarro-García, A. and Periañez-Cristobal, R., 2015. Project to improve
knowledge management and key business results through the EFQM excellence
model. International Journal of Project Management. 33(8). pp.1638-1651.
Chang, C. Y., 2013. Understanding the hold-up problem in the management of megaprojects: The
case of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link project.International Journal of Project
Management. 31(4). pp.628-637.
Gladding, S. T., 2014. Family therapy: History, theory, and practice. Pearson Higher Ed.
Holzmann, V., 2013. A meta-analysis of brokering knowledge in project
management. International Journal of Project Management. 31(1). pp.2-13.
Hu, X. and et.al., 2016. Incorporation of activity sensitivity measures into buffer management to
manage project schedule risk. European Journal of Operational Research. 249(2). pp.717-
727.
Lin, J. and et.al., 2014, September. Studying task allocation decisions of novice agile teams with
data from agile project management tools. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM/IEEE
international conference on Automated software engineering (pp. 689-694). ACM.
Padalkar, M. and Gopinath, S., 2016. Are complexity and uncertainty distinct concepts in project
management? A taxonomical examination from literature.International Journal of Project
Management. 34(4). pp.688-700.
Padalkar, M. and Gopinath, S., 2016. Six decades of project management research: Thematic
trends and future opportunities. International Journal of Project Management. 34(7).
pp.1305-1321.
16

Qazi, A. and et.al., 2016. Project Complexity and Risk Management (ProCRiM): Towards
modelling project complexity driven risk paths in construction projects. International
Journal of Project Management. 34(7). pp.1183-1198.
Tenera, A. and Pinto, L. C., 2014. A Lean Six Sigma (LSS) project management improvement
model. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 119. pp.912-920.
Yung, R. and Siew, J., 2016. Integrating sustainability into construction project portfolio
management. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 20(1). pp.101.
17