Structure, Physiology and Function of Cardiovascular System and Stroke

This article discusses the structure, physiology and function of cardiovascular system and stroke. It covers the main symptoms of stroke, its effect on other body systems, population affected, current treatments and preventive measures.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
Structure, physiology and function of cardiovascular system............................................................3
Stroke................................................................................................................................................4
Main symptoms of stroke..................................................................................................................4
Effect of stroke on other body systems..............................................................................................5
Population affected............................................................................................................................6
Current treatments.............................................................................................................................7
Preventive measures..........................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................9

The cardiovascular system is called blood vascular or simply circulatory system
being one of the most integral and essential body system within human beings. It consists
of heart, which is analyzed to be muscular device and closed system of vessels called
arteries, veins and capillaries. Primary function is to transport nutrients and oxygen rich
blood to all parts of body, for carrying deoxygenated blood back to lungs.
Structure, physiology and function of cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system is one of the most essential body systems, where it has
been found to be also essential within body. It hampers to determine further extended
improvement and absorb nutrients effectively, where this also has been found to be highly
specifically essential. Structure, physiology and function of cardiovascular system is
composed of heart which pumps blood through closed system of blood vessels. Heart is
composed mostly of cardiac muscles, water, gases and chemical signals throughout body.
It regulates oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, provides cells with effective nutrient and
removes waste products for enhancing metabolism within excretory organs for disposal.
It protects body against diseases and body infections, clotting of blood after injuries. It

plays an important role in helping body need to actively indulge in cardiovascular
activities such as exercise for maintaining body temperature. Stroke occurs when blood is
carrying oxygen, to section of brain where due to blockage heart is not able to properly
response. Responding to major improvement and preventing cardiac problems is vital for
reducing risk of suffering to stroke, and also to further reduce vital improvement based
on extended development. It can be also analyzed that cardiovascular system also has
been found to be dynamically essential, based on specific competent efficiency aspects
for improved functioning in body. The structure, physiology and functions of
cardiovascular system further has been found to be highly effective where it significantly
enables to develop critical enhanced functional efficacy.
Stroke
Stroke is one of the major cardiovascular disease affecting body system majorly among
humans, where it leads to numbness, weakness or paralysis within physical symptoms in
body. There is also slurred speech, difficulty within speaking abilities and blurred vision
or loss sight analyzed among body due to sudden severe headache. With sudden lack of
balance, person faces temporary loss of basic muscle movement with slight memory loss.
The sudden changes experienced in psychology, mood or personality with also issues
based on cognitive skills and abilities on overall physical well being paradigms. Stroke is
caused mainly due to improper health issues, less physical activeness found in body and
also increased illness. The people having high BP, heart problems are also at major
health risk of having stroke where illness further also leads to increased heart diseases. It
can be also analyzed that stroke impacts muscular system, respiratory organs functioning
further within internal body diversely. Stroke has to be further taken to immediate
medical care, and further drugs, medicines should be given for lowering blood pressure,
lowering pressure in brain and preventing seizures and blood vessel contraction in body.
Also, it has been analyzed that stroke is one of the major health issue rising among people
due to cardiovascular health issues, where this hampers overall wellbeing in body.
Main symptoms of stroke
There is sudden numbness and weakness found within body, also arm or leg specially on one
side of body experienced. Person faces difficulty in trouble and speaking, understanding

words within surroundings along with sudden vision problems in one or both eyes. There is
sudden difficulty to absorb movements, loss of balance or problems within coordination
parameters which impacts cardiovascular system efficiency actively. It effects respiratory
system, circulatory system, muscular system and cardiovascular working effectiveness within
body internal functions. It also further impacts functioning of nervous system, where person
faces loss of active sensory functions and has sudden decline within individual mental
aptitude for responding immediately.
Person having stroke, also faces loss in visual abilities, and physical strengthened
abilities based on wider understanding to develop primitive engagement. Physical activity is
further declined , due to stroke and also it leads to further less functional efficacy within
proper breathing activities in body. It also significantly lowers proper functioning, muscular
contraction activities and breathing issues increase due to less proper supply of oxygen in
body. Person is having an increased heart rate, and declined efficiency to cope up with
physical activities which further reduces person abilities physically as well as
psychologically. Numbness within individual leads to sudden numbness in the face or lose
feeling in the hands, feet, arms, legs or other extremities. Increased difficulty in
understanding, confusion and loss of balance and coordination are also some of the
specific symptoms. Dizziness within vision, less efficiency and reduced abilities for
physical and psychological functioning are found to be some of the major complications
and symptoms found in person.
Effect of stroke on other body systems
The stroke damages areas of brain that controls muscle movement within body
internal procedures, where it signals between brain and muscles that can lead to weakened or
lost balance. Muscular are not able to respond as well as brain functions are effected, where
paralysis/ weakness can set in as significant instant physical impact. There is also effect seen
on respiratory system where stroke leads to sleep disorders in breathing such as central or
obstructive sleep apnea. Swallowing abnormalities, aspiration, and pneumonia are amongst
top common mostly found respiratory complications within individual due to stroke. It also
further lowers physical abilities for person, as major complications are being faced which
hampers mental wellbeing also. Stroke, when not controlled at an early stage also can lead to
heart attack and paralysis within body which lowers physical activeness among people.
Stroke has significant impact on body systems, internally and further it has been found to be

also primitively essential for improved functional goals. In stroke, messages cant travel
properly from brain to body muscles, causes paralysis and muscle weakness. Due to weak
muscles, there is less support found in body and specific problem is found in body. Its called
post stroke fatigue within body, hampering functional efficacy of organs within internal body.
Also, the stroke has been found to be majorly increasing among young adults due to less
physical activities within cardiovascular body systems. It can be also analyzed that major
health risk due to reduced functional efficiency of organs increases risk of stroke on body,
where increased cases of young adults suffering from stroke has been found. Stroke has
significant impact on all body systems in internal functioning, where this has been also found
to be effecting huge physical activities among people. There is also specific competent
reduced efficacy within psychological efficiency, recovery from stress which are crucial to be
analyzed.
Population affected
Nearly half of strokes are occurred within age group of 45-65 years, and one
thirds in over 65 years of age. Younger females have lesser risk of stroke, as compared to
males but females above 65 years have significant greater risk of stroke. People 55 or
older have higher risk of stroke than younger people where, also men have huge risk than
women generally. There are increased cases of stroke, found among people within UK
and US which majorly has been also leading to increased health complications due to
stress. There has been also increased stroke risk found among young adults, due to less
physical activities and lethargic lifestyle habits which hampers wellbeing in longer time
period widely. Also, vital functional decline in body functions due to lethargic lifestyle
affects cardiovascular system from younger age, which also can lead to stroke.
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common diseases that has resulted in around
death of 360,900 people across worldwide in 2019, thus it is 32% of all global
death. Secondary research has helped in understanding that there are about 18.2 million
adults age 20 and older. People that having age of 50 and more are risk of developing it
increases, because of unhealthy diet, limited physical exercise and many other reasons.
Furthermore, African American and Hispanic patients have more risk of stroke as compared
to other individual of different race. Hence, it is third leading cause for death for many of the
individual living within the society as there are many people suffering from heart attack,
hypertension and coronary artery diseases. In every 36 second, there is one individual that

dies in United States because of cardiovascular diseases. The statistic has also 2 in 10 deaths
from CAD happen in adults that are less than 65 years old. There are 1 in 4 deaths because of
heart diseases so, around 659,000 people in the United States die and apart from this; there
are 1 in 5 heart attacks that happen silently and hence both the healthcares professional as
well as government need to take action to improve the health of people living within the
society.
Current treatments
The IV infection recombinant tissue plasminogen activator also called alteplase is
gold standards treatment for ischemic stroke. An injection of tPa is is usually given through
vein in arm within first three hours and also it can be given up to 4.5 hours after stroke
symptoms. The intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy are considered to be the
standards care, for acute stroke treatment found within recent time period. Doctors also
further advice maintenance of stable weight, taking up regular check-ups with doctors and
skipping alcohol within lifestyle practices. It enables to further develop proper efficacy
within medical factors, maintain proper healthcare goals for extended improvement.
Surgeries can remove blood clot and plaques from arteries within body, where it also has
significant impact on functional efficiency parameters. The medical experts, doctors are
largely taking specific care towards providing best treatments and therapies for patients
having stroke issues. This also plays keen informative role, for improving wellness goals and
overall health structure aspects within longer time frame. Cognitive therapies ,physical
therapies are found to be some of the main therapies for faster responding to medical
emergencies found within stroke due to various health issues. The therapies are being given
to patients having major stroke issues, health complications within heart and further are also
facing competent decline within health issues. This can be also analyzed that major
therapies, and changes in medical facilities are highly crucial for improvising overall
recovery from health issues. It can be also analyzed that keen developed functional abilities
for improved overall wellbeing, further makes sure that people having stroke are better
adopting new lifestyle changes.
Preventive measures
Regular physical activity, stopping smoke, reducing alcohol intake within body are
some of the major preventive measures of stroke. Drinking less, and having balanced

healthy diet by adopting healthy lifestyle habits are some of the major aspects, which
need to be adopted. The doctors and medical experts also prescribes adopting to regular
exercises within healthy lifestyle, doing yoga and also developing faster response
towards best care standards enables to prevent stroke form early period. Preventive
measures specifically providing further care, such as taking effective fiber rich nutritional
food also enables to help prevent stroke. Adopting to preventive measures, and healthy
lifestyle habits improves to developed changes within physical activities enables to
prevent heart disease within time period. Stroke need to be monitored, checked and also
improved on which further has crucial impact on overall wellbeing within cardio vascular
system. Person has to be fit, have healthy lifestyle habits and develop timely response to
medical essential needs for preventing cardiac issues within health. Stroke and heart
attaches are also widely becoming common, due to less cardio activeness and hormonal
imbalance within body. Statins help high blood cholesterol levels, and is amongst most
trusted drug medications found within global aspect. It prevents production of enzyme,
that can reduce cholesterol in body and reduces heart issues within body. Also, taking
nutritional diet and adopting to healthy changes in lifestyle are some of the keen
measures, where doctors further take care specific medical treatment to be provided to
patients. Preventive measures, such as further reducing stress levels, and bringing varied
changes in lifestyle habits improvise further recovery from stroke.

REFERENCES
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J.R., Duval, and et.al, 2022, January. Association of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
With Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Beliefs Among a
Community-Based Sample of African American Adults in Minnesota. In Mayo
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