Managing Acute Kidney Injury: Case Scenario and Nursing Care Plan for Mr. Ron Fraser

UNIVERSITY
NAME
Unit
ASSIGNMENT
Tutor
Date

CARE PLAN
Name of patient: Mr. Ron Fraser Scenario situation
number
Scenario 3a:
Case scenario
Acute kidney injury results from a sudden episode of kidney failure damage occurring within a shorter duration of time. Acute kidney injury can
lead to build up of waste products in the body and affect other body organs. Diagnosing acute kidney injury is key for treatment engagement. A
history of the symptoms by the patient is relevant in making a clear diagnosis. Relevant history on volume restriction such as fluid intake is key.
The patient in the case study portrays clinical features and cues which depict acute kidney injury. Cues such as urine output are key in
assessing kidney functionality.
The patient has the following clinical features;
Na 130mm/L, K 5.5 mmol/mol, Urea 14.0mm/L creatine 150umol/l, RR 28, Oxygen Saturation 89%Bp 160/90, pitting Oedema, pain score 3/10
and body temperature 38.4 degree Celsius.
Comparative normal values
Patient feature Normal values
RR -28bps 12-20bps
Oxygen saturation rate 89% 95%-100%
Blood pressure 160/90 120/80-140/90
Temperature 38.4degrees Celsius 34 degrees Celsius
Creatine level 150umol/L 60-120 umol.L
Sodium level 130mm/L 135mm/l to 145mm/L

CARE PLAN
Urea level 14.0mm/L 2.5-7.1 mmol/L
Table indicating the patient comparative values to normal levels. The table indicated elevated or abnormal values on all patient vitals reflecting
severe state of the disease. Clinical management is geared towards addressing the abnormal values of the patient.
Process information
The patient is experiencing a slow gradual urine flow of 30ml/hr. He has episodes of tiredness and lethargy. The nutrition shows that he has
gradually resumed normal eating and gained 3 kg of weight while his ankles are puffy signifying fluid retention in the body. The symptoms of
the patient reflect an elevated level of cretin, sodium elevated levels. Other symptoms portrayed by the patient include decreased urine output,
fatigue, shortness of breath and ankle swelling signifying fluid retention.
The blood samples show elevated levels of cretin and urea in the blood which signify the presence of kidney dysfunction. Further, the slow
increase in urine output in the blood shows fluid retention in the body. A key function of the kidney is to facilitate filtration and excretion of
nitrogenous was from the blood. Cretin levels are indicative of renal function with defects resulting in limited filtration of creatinine the blood
(Cerda et al., 2008).
Further, patient blood pressure has declined to signify a low supply of blood. Pitting edema shows elevated levels of urine retention in the
body. Further, observed fatigue experienced by the patient signifies that there is a slow body functionality process. Risk factors associated with
Acute Kidney injury include diabetes which the patient has already. Further, he has hypertension which is a risks factor for kidney disease
(Basile, Anderson & Sutton, 2012).
The above data shows that the patient vital signs are elevated hence dignifying a serious state of the disease. All vital assessments are
beyond the normal value range for normal persons, indicating severity of the disease. Normal serum creatine levels include its increase by
0.3mg/dl or 26umol observed within 24 hours and a decrease of urine output by 0.5 ml per kg/h, (Kellum, 2015).