Cervical Cancer: Screening, Risk factors and Pathophysiology Question Answer 2022

Running Head: CERVICAL CANCER: SCREENING, RISK FACTORS AND
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Cervical Cancer: Screening, Risk factors and Pathophysiology
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Cervical Cancer: Screening, Risk factors and Pathophysiology1
Answer 1:
Pathophysiology of cervical cancer
The onset for the development of cervical cancer is characterised by
infection with HPV with two major risk factors of chronic infection with
high-risk HPV and ineffective clearance of HPV. The normal HPV virus is
cleared on their own in a span of few months or years. But the high-risk
HPV modify their genome sequence which affects the physiology of the
body. The process of transformation of the HPV infection to cancer is
complex and it is the infection of the basal cells present between the
squamous epithelium of the ectocervix and the columnar epithelium of
the endocervix (Kurman, 2013). The replication of the viruses occurs in
the epithelial cells during the phenomenon of differentiation cycle. The
stage of non-invasive disease is termed as cervical intraepithelial
neoplasia (CIN). The low-grade neoplasia (CIN1) exploits one third of the
thickness of the epithelium, CIN2 invades two third of the thickness and
the most severe form is CIN3 which refers to invasiveness in more than
two third of the epithelium (Wright et al., 2013).