Case Study on Cervical Cancer 2022

CASE STUDY ON CERVICAL CANCER 1
Answer to Question no. 1
Pathophysiology of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is caused by a malignant tumor that is formed at the lowermost region of the
uterus, called the cervix, that remains connected to the vagina(Cohen et al, 2019). Cervical
cancer is initiated by the infection of Human Papilloma Virus(HPV), which is released into
the vagina during sexual intercourse, which then moves into the basal cervical region and
infects the basal cells, thus inhibiting the ability of the cervical cells to destroy the tumor. The
damaged cells begins to multiply uncontrollably and spread to the surrounding tissues, thus
increasing the chance of cervical cancer(Johnson et al, 2019).
Risk factors for Sarah
The risk factors which may have led to the development of cervical cancer for Sarah in this
particular Case study include:
Having multiple sexual partners increase the risk of getting infected by sexually transmitted
disease(Lee & Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network., 2017).
No intake of birth control pills for an extended period (2 years)
The onset of menstruation or menarche at the age of 20
Engaging in sexual activity from an early age
Conceiving at the age of only 20, which is much before puberty
No pelvic examination is done for the last five years