Introduction to Information Technology

This report provides a brief analysis of system development life cycle and discusses the importance of internet and intranet in business. It also highlights the social and ethical issues in business. The report covers the role of information technology in the success or failure of business-to-business, different types of networking technologies, and the system development life cycle.

INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT
This report gives a brief analysis and discussion of system development life cycle and all the
stages of it has been covered in this report. Other than this the importance of internet and
intranet for the company has been highlighted. The network that is suitable for the company.
The social and ethical issues has also been described.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................5
Role of IT in the success or failure of business-to-business..............................................5
Ethical and social issues in business..................................................................................5
Differentiate between different type of technologies of networking..................................5
Importance of Intranet and Internet in business.................................................................6
Analysis and discussions..............................................................................................................7
Ethical and social issues in business..................................................................................7
Differentiate between different type of technologies of networking..................................7
Importance of Intranet and Internet in business.................................................................8
System Development Life Cycle........................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
IT is concerned with computers and their ability to store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit the
data. It is used in business as well as in personal areas. Tesco, is a British multinational
groceries and general merchandise retailer with headquarters in Welwyn Garden City,
Hertfordshire, England, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured
by gross revenues and the ninth-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues. This report
covers issues such as role of IT, different types of networking, social and ethical issues and
importance of intranet and internet. System development life cycle has also been covered.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Role of Information technology in the success or failure of business-to-business
As per the view of (Guo, Susilo and Mu, 2018) Information technology helps the
companies such as Tesco to make the business dynamic as employees it helps to facilitates the
employees of the company to communicate in a better way when they are at different
locations. Other than this aspect helps the company to protect their resources which are related
to financial aspects, decisions which are confidential and information that helps the company
to gain competitive advantage. It helps the company to protect their interests by protecting a
password. This helps them to formulate the strategy and keep it safe from their competitors.
If the Information technology used in the company is not updated according to the
current trends then it won't be able to protect the business from external threats which can lead
the company to failure. There are many factors which are needed to be kept in check such as
level of alignment to the path of goal and objectives. Other than this any issue which is related
to the aspect of Information technology takes to resolve which disrupts the flow of operations
and crate cause which leads to the failure of the business.

Ethical and social issues in business
According to (Peltier, 2016) there are some issues which company needs to keep in
mind which are related to ethics of Information technology department. If they are not
followed then they will affect the internal operations of the company. Information are obtained
and kept by the companies of their employees so that they can assess their experience related
to the work and train them into a better individual but sometimes some of the managers of the
company misuse this information and force someone to do things which they do not want to.
This is against the code of conduct of the company.
Information technology helps the company to maintain the relationship with their
suppliers and customers which helps Tesco to maintain their image in the market so that it
does not affect their image socially. Information technology never let them forget their
meeting with suppliers so that it does not leave a bad impression on them and affect their
relations with the company.
Differentiate between different type of technologies of networking
In accordance with (Rajesh and Ramesh, 2016) there are different types of networks
which is used by the company according to their suitability such as personal area network,
local area network, wireless local area network, wide area network, metropolitan area network,
virtual private network. All of them are different from each other on some basis. PAN is a
small network which can be configured for two or three computers and other devices which is
used for residential purpose. LAN helps to connect businesses and their buildings whose
distance is not far too long so that information can be shared. WLAN is the network which
helps to facilitate WiFi and it does not require cables to connect as LAN. This technology
works same a LAN and WAN the only difference is that it is bigger than LAN and smaller
than WAN. The last one is VPN which is different from every other network as it allows the
users to have an private network of his own.
Importance of Intranet and Internet in business
As per the view of (Rudiasti, Sudana and Raharja, 2017) Intranet is a network which is
restricted, controlled by a company single handedly which is why it has been given a status of
private network of corporation. It helps companies such as Tesco to connect with various
people. Intranet has their own structure which is different and not linked with the internet.
Some of the network allows access to internet and some of them does not as some of them are

secure and believes that allowing the access to internet will breach their privacy. Intranet helps
Tesco to fulfill their needs of communication which is enabled through the digital platform.
Other than this they help the company by giving theme the space for storing, accessing and
developing the materials which are electronic. In order to increase their efficiency of this
medium they help the company to replace the solutions which are older which helps them to
increase the flow of work and minimize the level of errors. Some of the applications which are
related to this aspect facilitates many employees to get access of those files which are same
and related to their work. It also helps to focus on the which are offline so that it can be tested
before using it for performance in front of everyone else. It also helps Tesco to get those
references which are for digital use and database which helps to assess the facts and figures,
systems of email which are internal and instant software of messaging.
In accordance with (Spil and et.al., 2017) Internet is important for every company to
maintain the flow of their operations in many ways such as it helps to create the opportunities
which are related to the aspect of networking, retrieval of information, sales and marketing
and facilitating the company with proper means of communication. Tesco takes the help of
internet by making it another platform to sell their products to the customers who are far away
and do not have easy access to the company. Other than that this aspect allows Tesco to collect
the information which is useful and which helps them to engage in a communication with their
customers, clients, government and other people who are concerned with the company. It is a
important measure as it helps the company to increase the awareness of brand in the market. In
order to develop the network they take the help of communications which are internal.
Analysis and discussions
Role of IT in success and failure of business
Information technology is a important measure if the business wants to reach success
as it helps to facilitate a proper communication between all the departments so that flow of
work does not get disrupt. Other than this aspect helps the company to work according to
current and updated trends so that they can satisfy the customers in the market. Other than this
there are other factors of this aspect which leads the business to failure. Tesco needs to assess
these factors and align and link them with the department of Information technology so that
they can achieve their goals and objectives.

Ethical and social issues in business
Tesco follows all the guidelines and the code of conduct in an ethical manner by
treating everyone equal and giving them the opportunities so that everyone in the company
feels valued other than that Tesco makes sure that no manager uses the personal information
of an employee which is stored in the personal database of the company to misuse that
information. This way company will be able to develop trust between the owners and
employees. Also it has been analysed that the Information technology helps the company to
fulfil their social duties and maintain the relationship with their dealers and customers. Tesco
maintains their social image in the market so that their productivity and sales does not get
affected (Gewald, Vogel and Bozan, 2019).
Differentiate between different type of technologies of networking
There are different types of technologies available and according to their nature of
operations they can choose the type of networking. Various tools of networking are available
for the company such as virtual private network, personal area network, local area network,
metropolitan area network, wide area network etc. which helps the company to get the
network and enable communication of information and sharing of information. Different types
of networking provides different type of facilities and that on a different scale. The best option
for the company will be MAN or WAN as it will help them to share the information over a
wide area.
Importance of Intranet and Internet in business
Intranet is a restricted network which makes it a private network. With the help of this
aspect Tesco functions their operations in a autonomous way by which they take better
decisions for the company. Apart from this it simplifies the work for the company by
managing the documents which can be founded easily by the employees which helps them to
save their time and prevents the data from getting lost. On the other hand Internet provides the
company with better communication and different tools which helps them to promote their
brand. Also with the help of this aspect company is able to increase the level of production.
System Development Life Cycle
This aspect is used by the company so that they can manage the project and all the
stages that are useful to complete the project. This aspect also includes a feasibility study of
the project so that they can derive the maintenance of the application, this model is helpful for

technical systems and non technical systems. This aspect is related with the hardware and
software of the IT technology. There is a process which is known as iterative process which
consists of many ways which will take every hardware and software of the company to go
under the section of development. The steps involved in this process are as follows-
Planning-
In order to make the system successful they need to plan every step of it as this aspect
will help the company to know their problems, objectives and the cost of resources and
employees. Other than this they also plan to look out for the alternatives after conducting a
meeting with their consultants, suppliers, clients and employees. Tesco will study their
strategies so that they can work on it to make it better. After this stage is completed company
will have three choices that is to leave the system, improve the existing one or develop a new
one (Wang, Chaudhry and Da Xu, 2016).
Analysis-
This aspect is concerned with evaluating the current process and system of the
company and then take out the errors and deficiencies. For this company interviews those
people who uses the system and with the help of the support of their employees. Other than
this, requirements, expectations and level of performance will be determined and documented
according to the final user. Apart from this project will also consist of feasibility study so that
they can look out all the areas such as social, technological etc so that it can be determined
that if the project is feasible or not. It is necessary and important for the companies such as
Tesco to keep proper communication so that their vision can be recognized and used in the
product and include them as one of their attributes (De Vries, 2016).
Design-
After the company has understand the expectations and requirements of the customers
they work on the level of security, elements, components, architectures and various changes in
interface which can be complied with the system. In the beginning a prototype is designed so
that its functioning, performance, technical features can be assessed physically.
Implementation and Deployment-
This phase states that after an understanding of requirements of the system and its
specifications so that they can begin the process of construction and complete design for the

system which is requested. If system is consist of hardware then they will have to tune it and
configure it according to the criteria.
This stage prepares the system for installation for the customer and ready to be use by
them. Some of them may need training before they use it so that they can get used to the
complex programming and the solution of it. This may take some time.
System testing and Integration-
This aspect is concerned with the components which are different so that they can
integrate the whole system and then describe the inputs of the system to its output so that it
can be analyzed. It is necessary and important for Tesco to test the system so that they can
figure out if anything is not present which disrupts the satisfaction level of consumers. Testing
is done by the employees of the company who are hired specifically for this so that they can
ensure that it achieves their expected level of results (Watson and Coker-Cranney, 2018).
System Maintenance-
This aspect is concerned keeping the system updated according to the technology so
that it does not gets outdated which will create a requirement to replace it with the hardware
which is old. Performance needs to be evaluated on a continuous basis. Also to work fro the
updates of the system so that it can be prepared to meet the standards and technologies which
are latest in order to prepare the counter measures against security (Chen and et.al., 2018.)
CONCLUSION
From the above studies it has been concluded that Tesco needs to keep the measures of
IT updated as it helps the business to reach success by simplifying the work and increase the
flow of operations. They also need to be prepared for the measures when Information
technology factors gets affected as if they are not treated at time it may lead to failure of the
business. Other than that this report has also covered and described a brief analysis of the
report which helps to understand the importance of it and how it helps the company to
improve their performance. The last section is covered by system life development cycle
which helps to update and tune the software or hardware according to the requirements of
customer and their level of satisfaction.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
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De Vries, M.J., 2016. Teaching about technology: An introduction to the philosophy of
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Gewald, H., Vogel, D. and Bozan, K., 2019, January. Introduction to the Minitrack on Seniors'
Use of Digital Resources. In Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference
on System Sciences.
Guo, F., Susilo, W. and Mu, Y., 2018. Introduction to security reduction. Springer.
Peltier, T.R., 2016. Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for
effective information security management. Auerbach Publications.
Rajesh, K.V.N. and Ramesh, K.V.N., 2016. An introduction to data lake. i-manager's Journal
on Information Technology, 5(2), p.1.
Rudiasti, N.N.W., Sudana, A.A.K.O. and Raharja, M.S., 2017. Android based Introduction of
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Wang, P., Chaudhry, S. and Da Xu, L., 2016. Introduction: Advances in e-business
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Watson II, J.C. and Coker-Cranney, A.M., 2018. Introduction to the Special Issue: Using
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