Impact of Team Work on Organizational Productivity for Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia

Chapter 2: Literature review
2.0 Overview
This chapter is developed with the aim of reviewing past literatures undertaken by
different authors in the field of the selected research topic. Considering the views and opinions of
different authors provides an opportunity to develop a study that is critical and includes greater
in-sight of the research topic. Comparing and contrasting the views and opinions of different
authors facilitates presenting authentic and quality information in terms of the research topic.
Additionally, relevant theories are also presented in this chapter that helps in ensuring better
understanding of the study. Therefore, investigating the impact of team work on organizational
productivity for Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia is analyzed in this chapter.
In this literature review our main variables are team work and organizational productivity
where the first one is the independent variable whereas the second one is the dependent variables
respectively. Different factors affect effectiveness of team work those are considered and
critically evaluated in relation to the organizational productivity of Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia
in this chapter. Considering the different factors affecting the independent variable that in turn
affects the dependent variable is necessary, as this helps in developing quality and enriched
chapter. Additionally, two theories of team work is also discussed in this chapter in order to
develop deeper understanding about the independent variables and how it ensures effective team
building thereby, having a positive impact on the productivity of organization in respect to Tesco
f & f in Saudi Arabia.

2.2 Concept of team work
Team work is a significant and crucial aspect for the business organizations, as this
determines the overall success of the company. According to Ceschi, Dorofeeva and Sartori
(2014), team work is defined as the collaborative effort of the individuals for achieving common
and shared goals and objectives. As a result, it can be said that effective team work indicates the
co-operative and coordinated nature of a group of interdependent individuals working towards a
shared goal. However, as argued by Kemery and Stickney (2014), the concept of effective team
work highlights the willingness of a group of people to work together with each other’s support
and achieving a common aim and goal successfully. It is necessary for the business organizations
to ensure that the colleagues are working well as teams and trying their best under any
circumstances to succeed. Therefore, keeping in mind the several benefits that effective team
work has to offer, Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia needs to achieve it.
2.3 Factors affecting team work
As the concept of team indicates the participation of different interdependent individuals,
team work effectiveness is influenced by different authors. The different factors that affects the
effectiveness of team work includes leadership and leadership styles, communication,
relationship with team members, spontaneity and delegation, motivation, diversity of
capabilities, adaptability and independence.
2.3.1 Leadership and leadership styles
Effective leadership and leadership styles is necessary for making effective team work a
reality. As known, a group of individuals form a team that shares a common goal. As mentioned
by Ford et al. (2016), effective leadership skills and styles help in developing a vision focused
mindset among the team members. As a result, the individuals forming the team develop clarity

in terms of mission and vision of the organization or the shared goal. This helps the team
members to work coherently and produce the strongest results thereby, ensuring success. Once
the mindset of the team members are aligned, the individuals develop a sense of team work that
enforces them to concentrate on meeting same organizational mission and objectives.
However, as argued by Choi, Kim and Kang (2017), effective leadership does not only
help in aligning the mindset of the individuals, it also facilitates the participation of the team
members in the decision making process. As a result, the team members develop a feeling of
belongingness and ownership and make valid inputs. Additionally, the team members develop a
greater sense of responsibility towards their roles and responsibilities as well as the shared goal
of the team and work towards achieving it successfully. However, this is further argued by Chin
(2015), the leaders should be the only person taking the ultimate decision when it comes to
effective team work.
However, ineffective leadership skills and styles have been recently encountered in Tesco
f & f in Saudi Arabia that has affected their team work efficiency largely thereby, having a
negative impact of the organizational productivity.
2.3.2 Communication
The role and benefits of communication in ensuring effective team work is inevitable and
cannot be denied. As mentioned by Gluyas (2015), effective communication provides an
opportunity for the individuals within a team to develop a strong and positive bond that
facilitates improved co-ordination and co-operation among the team members. As a result, the
team members are able to talk and share ideas without any hesitation thereby, making goals and
objectives achievable. Additionally, effective communication helps in developing trust and

mutual respect among the team members that is of utmost significance in achieving goals
successfully. However, as argued by Cooke (2016), communication also lead to conflicts among
the team members because of varied and difference in the opinion regarding specific points.
As commented by Clark (2014), effective communication is significant among the
individuals forming a team because this helps in bringing people together from different
background, varied ideologies and allowing them to work together peacefully. As a result, the
individuals forming the team are brought in together for the greater good, as strong
communication skills facilitates the idea of sharing good and best practices openly among the
team members. This minimizes repetitive actions by ensuring clear flow of information thereby,
working effectively. However, communication issues have been evidently noticed among the
different teams in Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia due to which the organizational productivity is
compromised largely.
2.3.3 Relationship with team members
The concept of a team itself highlights the collaborative effort of all the individuals
working together for achieving shared and common goal. The success of a team is highly
dependent on the individual effort of all the individuals thereby, indicating effective team work.
As mentioned by Pangil and Moi Chan (2014), positive and strong relationship with team
members is necessary, as this helps in building a suitable working environment. The individuals
develop a sense of mutual respect and trust for each other that allow them to develop a positive
working environment that helps in bringing the best out of them.
However, as argued by Mahembe and Engelbrecht (2014), relationship with team
members determines the effectiveness of team work because the team members show help, co-

ordination and co-operation for each other. As a result, the team members can help each other in
solving issues and challenges they encounter while working together thereby, delivering quality
work on time. Positive relationship with team members allows developing a sense of
responsibility and awareness for each other and also supports individuals within team to learn
from each other. As a result, team work efficiency and effectiveness is achieved that helps in a
ensuring better and improved organizational results in terms of productivity, revenue and profit.
However, the relationship among the team members in Tesco f & f in Saudi Arabia are
not positive and strong that is influencing the development of negative working environment due
to which customers are leaving and remaining unsatisfied thereby, affecting productivity of the
overall organization.
2.3.4 Spontaneity and delegation
Being a part of a team and putting in effort for effective team work requires both
spontaneity and delegation for the team members. According to Chatalalsingh and Reeves
(2014), the team members should have the ability to take prompt actions and act immediately
under any circumstances. This reflects the ability of the team to sustain and act in case of
emergency so that the encountered situation can be handled tactfully. For instance, the ability to
act promptly and take necessary actions independently indicates team work effectiveness
because the team is able to handle any situation without hampering the progress of their work.
However, as argued by O’donoghue et al. (2015), the team members should be delegative
in nature because this provides an opportunity for the team members to be responsible for their
action. Overall delegation of decision making has a positive effect on team work because
effective team work is affected by the nature and attitude of the team members. Allowing the

team members to share their views and opinions and take part in the decision making process
ensures efficient team work that has a positive impact on the overall organizational productivity
because this ensures motivating others and establishing adequate control of individual as well as
group roles and responsibilities.
However, for both spontaneity and delegation has become a major issue for Tesco f & f
in Saudi Arabia due to which the organizations is failing to live up to market expectations and
provide services efficiently thereby, having a negative impact.
2.3.5 Motivation
The role of motivation in ensuring effective team work is inevitable and business
organizations should focus in motivating the team members appropriately. According to HU and
Liden (2015), adequate motivation can help the team members to communicate effectively with
the fellow team members. This helps in ensuring clear flow of information within the team that
prohibits repetitive actions and maintaining smooth work flow. The team members can keep
track on the latest developments going on within the team followed by circulating the
information all around the team. As a result, the teams achieve greater heights that indicate
effective team work. However, as argued by Costa, Passos and Bakker (2014), motivating the
team members is essential, as this helps in encouraging the team members in creating a positive
working environment, facilitating co-operation and support and promoting healthy competition
with the team thereby, providing opportunities for development. As a result, the effective team
work is highlighted because the employees feel satisfied with their roles and responsibilities that
is highly beneficial for the overall organization.